Chapter 18 Flashcards
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
England
What industry began the industrial revolution?
Cotton/textile
Who is the father of the Industrial Revolution?
Richard Arkwright
the Industrial Revolution took place over the course of how many years? (Was it slow or fast)
300 yrs. (slow)
Who is associated with selective breeding?
Robert Blackwell
What did the enclosure movement accomplish? (Good and Bad)
incorporated common fields into large farms and forced small farmers into larger farms
Who invented the flying shuttle?
John Kay
What did the flying shuttle do?
improved weaving process
Who invented the spinning jenny?
James Hargreaves
What did the spinning jenny do?
improved spinning process
Who invented the spinning mule?
Samuel Crompton
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
What system of production is described as “home production made personally with personal tools”?
domestic
What system of production is described as “workers, raw materials, and machinery under one roof”?
factory
Who created a new process of creating steel? What is this process known as?
Henry Bessemer
The Bessemer Process
Who is associated with improving roads?
John McAdam
Who made the first successful steamboat?
Robert Fulton`
Who improved automobile manufacturing?
Henry Ford
Who made the first successful airplane?
The Wright Brothers
What were some improved production techniques that are a result of the Industrial Revolution?
Automation
Interchangeable parts
Division of labor
Assembly line
Explain: Automation Interchangeable parts Division of labor Assembly line
- machines doing the work
- identical parts for similar products
- manufacturing process in several steps
- faster production process
What were some consequences of Industrialism?
poor living and working conditions
development of slums
long working hours
little safety
What were some things advocated by the Chartist movement?
universal manhood suffrage secret ballot equal electoral districts pay for members of Parliament no property requirements for Parliament annual elections
Out of the things advocated by the Chartist movement, which one did they not get?
annual elections
What is a welfare state?
government has responsibility for material and social well-being of all citizens
What kind of idea is “man is basically good” and “government should care for citizens”?
Socialistic (Socialism)
Explain Utopia socialism.
believed capitalism is base source of evil
Explain Marxism.
economic forces determine history
history naturally progresses to perfection
Who started Sunday Schools?
Robert Raikes
Who started the Salvation Army?
William Booth
Who was greatly involved in the second Great Awakening in America?
Dwight L. Moody
Who is known as the “Prince of Preachers”?
Spurgeon
Who had theories of biological evolution?
Charles Darwin
Who is associated with the atomic theory?
John Dalton
Who is associated with the parts of an ATOM?
Ernest Rutherford
Who is associated with the parts of a NUCLEUS?
Niels Bohr
Who showed the relationship of matter and energy and the theory of relativity?
Albert Einstein
