Chapter 21 Flashcards
What is a dole?
government relief for the unemployed
Who was the leader of the Labour Party?
Ramsay MacDonald
In 1936, the political parties in France, calling themselves the Popular Front, managed to gain control of the government, naming _____ as prime minister.
Léon Blum
What did many Frenchmen believe would stop any German attack?
the Maginot Line
The seeming prosperity of the 1920s came to a sudden end when the stock market collapsed in (Month) (Year), triggering a drop in prices, a decline in foreigh trade, the closing of factories, the failure of banks, and a dramatic rise in unempolyment.
October 1929
Who was elected president in 1932?
Franklin Roosevelt
After his inauguration, Roosevelt began immediately to promote his program of relief, recovery, and reform under the name of the _____.
New Deal
Define a bureaucracy.
the nonelected officials who handle government affairs
What are the 6 characteristics of a totalitarian state?
- Use of propaganda to promote the ideas and programs of the state.
- Use of an efficient secret police to arrest or assassinate those who opposed the state and its policies.
- Emphasis upon the goals of the state rather than upon individual rights or concerns.
- State control of every aspect of life–political, economic, cultural, educational, and religious.
- A government maintained by force and not accountable to the people for its actions.
- A one-party political system led by a powerful dictator.
Define propaganda.
materials and methods of indoctrination
Alexander II’s successor, _____, attempted to suppress revolutionary ideas and activities.
Alexander III
Alexander III’s harsh policies were continued under his son _____.
Nicholas II
Philosophical differences within the party caused a small group called the _____ to break away from the larger, more moderate group known as the Mensheviks.
Bolshevids
What years was the Russo-Japanese War fought?
1904-05
What was Bloody Sunday?
A peaceful procession of two hundred thousand singing men, women, and children moved toward the palace. They never reached the palace because they were met by the government soldiers who opened fire, killing scores of people and wounding many more.
Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto, promising a constitutional government with free speech and a national assembly, called the _____, to be elected by the people.
Duma
To try to save the military situation, Nicholas II personally took command of the troops, leaving the empress at home under the evil influence of the monk _____.
Rasputin
In the months following the fall of czar Nicholas II, a provisional government headed by Menchevik _____ tried its best to restore order.
Alexander Kerensky
Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks?
Vladimir Lenin
Through the efforts of _____, the Communists organized the so=called Red Army.
Leon Trotsky
During the violent days of civil war, Lennin instituted a tightly regulated system of economic controls that he called _____.
war communism
As signs of deep resentment against the war Communist system began mounting, the government abandoned its policy of war communism and in 1921 instituted the _____.
New Economic Policy
in 1928, _____ ended the New Economic Policy and embarked on a series of programs called the Five-Year Plans.
Stalin
What does collectivize mean?
bring under central government control
To accomplish his goal, Stalin instituted a system of _____s in which eight hundred thousand Communist Party members were murdered, including many of the ruling elite.
purge(s)
To further his (Stalin’s) goal, he established the “Communist International,” commonly called the _____.
Comintern
What is German fascism usually called?
Nazism
What are the 4 differences between communism and fascism?
- Under fascism, businesses are privately owned byt rigorously controlled by the government. Under communism, however, the government both owns and controls business.
- Fascism is highly nationalistic; communism ideally seeks a classless, international society.
- A military dictatorship usually openly governs a fascist state; communism deceptively emphasizes the “dictatorship of the proletariat.”
- Fascism glorifies the state; communism teaches that the state will gradually wither away.
What does Il Duce mean?
“leader” or “commander”
The weaknesses of Germany helped prepare the way for the rise to power of one of the most murderous and tyrannical dictators of modern history, _____.
Adolf Hitler
While in prison, Adolf Hitler wrote a book titled _____ which means _____.
Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”)
What is the name of the Nazi symbol?
swastika (“broken cross”)
What were the Gestapo?
secret police
What are Autobahnens?
Superhighways
In _____, the artist tries to paint how he feels about his subject rather than trying to reproduce realistically what he sees.
expressionism
In _____, the artist tries to paint what he sees in nature onto the canvas.
cubism
Mr. Simms said to remember what about architecture?
It changes around this time period.
Who wrote “The Waste Land,” and “The Hollow Men”?
T.S. Eliot
