Chapter 14 Flashcards
Who said “I am the state”?
Louis XIV
Who is known as the sun king?
Louis XIV
How was the royal authority expanded?
✾increased control over national finances
✾increased size of military
✾increased size of government bureaucracy
✾increased notional holding (land)
What is “divine right”?
God-established authority
Did the French King want to lessen the power he had?
No, he wanted absolute power
Who reduced privileges of nobility?
Henry IV
Who increased government control of finances?
Henry IV
Who was Louis XIII’s advisor (he made him prime minister?
Cardinal Richelieu
Who strengthened the king’s power?
Richelieu
Who planned to destroy the Huguenots?
Richelieu
Who planned to weaken the great nebles?
Richelieu
Who planned to enter the Thirty Year’s War?
Richelieu
What were the 3 phases of the Thirty Year’s War?
1) Protestant
2) Catholic
3) International
How did the Thirty Year’s War end?
❂Protestant French Victory
❂ended by Peace of Westphalia
What was the Peace of Westphalia?
❍recognized independence of protestant Netherlands and Switzerland
❍ Germany=more fragmented
❍ France=strongest country in Europe
Who was Louis XIV’s adviser?
Jules Mazarin
What were the Frandes?
riots/plots against the king
Brandenburg-Prussia was centered on the city of _____.
Berlin
What family ruled Brandenburg-Prussia?
Hohenzollern
What were the Prussian Assets?
❒ Poor Soil ❒ Few economic resources ❒ Scattered territories ❒ No natural boundaries ❒ Energetic and capable rulers
What were an elector’s actions?
- built large standing army
- established efficient bureaucracy
- gained cooperation of nobility
Who was the Prussian Elector who forged Prussia into a unified state?
Frederick William, the Great Elector
Who beautified Berlin?
Frederick I
_____ had one of the larges armies in Europe.
Frederick William I
What were Austria’s Obstacles to Absolutism?
+Roman Catholic Church and independent nobles
+greedy surrounding nations
Who adopted the title Czar?
Ivan IV, “the Terrible”
Who started the greatest Russian dynasty?
Romanov
James I had problems with _____?
> the Puritans
finances
Parliament
What were Charles I’s problems?
<authority struggle with Parliament
State some things dealing with the Petition of Right.
Presented Parliament rights:
no taxes without its consent
no arbitrary imprisonment (can’t imprison for no solid reason
no martial law during peace times
no quartering of troops, uncompensated
What were the New Parliamentary Powers?
^meet every three years
^not dissolve without its consent
^no legal taxes unless Parliament-passed
^abolished royal courts
The Parliamentary Forces was supported by _____.
Puritans, lesser gentry, and merchants
What were the Parliamentary Forces called?
Roundheads
Who was the Roundhead’s leader?
Cromwell
The Royal Forces was supported by _____.
most of nobility
What were the Royal Forces called?
Cavaliers
Who ruled in the Commonwealth period?
Parliament
What king returned to reign when he was 13 years old?
Charles II
What placed the Stuart monarchy back on the throne and made parliament more powerful?
The Restoration
Was James II a devoted Atheist?
No, he was a devoted Roman Catholic
The Glorious Revolution is also known as _____.
The “Bloodless Revolution”
What King didn’t speak English?
George I
Who developed the cabinet government?
George II
What is balance of power?
preserve power by boundaries in Europe by alliances
What was the reason for the War of Austrian Succession?
to gain territory from Austria
What completely ended the Seven Year’s War?
Treaty of Paris
What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris?
♧France lost Canada and east of the Mississippi River to Britain
♧France lost all Indian holdings to Britain
♧Spain lost Florida to Britain but gained New Orleans and Louisiana from France
