Chapter 9 Flashcards

0
Q

In 1059, the _____Was created so that churchman rather than Roman nobles or German king could choose the Popes.

A

College of Cardinals

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1
Q

Some kings and nobles were claiming that it was there right not only to a point church officials but also to invest them with their religious authority, a practice known as _____.

A

Lay investiture

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2
Q

What was the dispute and outcome between

Henry IV and Gregory VII?

A

Dispute: Lay Investiture
Outcome: Gregory was excommunicated and repented in the snow

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3
Q

What was the dispute and outcome between

John and Innocent III?

A

Dispute: (didn’t get this one; find out tomorrow)
Outcome: Interdict, John became pope’s vassal

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4
Q

What was the dispute and outcome between

Philip and Innocent III?

A

Dispute: Marriage
Outcome: Interdict, King backs down

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5
Q

What was the dispute and outcome between

Philip IV and Boniface VIII?

A

Dispute: Taxes
Outcome: Interdict, no church money, pope backs down

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6
Q

What are the popes weapons?

A

Excommunication, Interdict, and Inquisition

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7
Q

What is Excommunication?

A

being cut off from the church

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8
Q

What is Interdict?

A

suspension of all sacraments except Baptism and Extreme Unction

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9
Q

What is Inquisition?

A

court to deal with herecy (false teachings)

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10
Q

List the crusades.

A
  1. People’s Crusade
  2. King’s Crusade
  3. Diverted Crusade
  4. Children’s Crusade
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11
Q

What is significant about the People’s Crusade?

A
  • Most successful

- Won Jerusalem

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12
Q

What is significant about the King’s Crusade?

A
  • 3 kings + 1 Saladin

- Truce

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13
Q

What is significant about the Diverted Crusade?

A
  • Destroyed Constantinople
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14
Q

What is significant about the Children’s Crusade?

A
  • (Not an official Crusade)
  • Led by children
  • Most died or were enslaved
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15
Q

What were the consequences of the crusades?

A
  1. Government change- the crusades weakened the feudal structure of Europe.
  2. Commercial change- the crusades expanded the commercial activity of Europe.
  3. Pope’s- the early crusades strengthened the Papacy.
  4. New horizons- the crusades opened new horizons to the people of Medieval Europe.
  5. Church lessons- the crusades offered important lessons for the Christian church.
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16
Q

What is the buying and selling of religious or blessed articles or goods?

17
Q

Who was probably the greatest of the reforming popes?

A

Gregory VII

18
Q

Who was the German emperor who refused to obey, insisting upon his right to appoint the bishops in his realm?

19
Q

What was the agree that recognized the right of the church to elect it’s own bishops and abbots and to invest them with spiritual authority?

A

Concordat of Worms

20
Q

Under which pope did the papacy reach it’s zenith?

A

Innocent III

21
Q

What were the German local tribal leaders called?

22
Q

Each Duke ruled like a king in his own territory called a _____.

23
Q

What did the German empire become known as?

A

Holy Roman Empire

24
Voltaire observed what about the Holy Roman Empire?
It was "neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire."
25
Germanic tribes from northern Europe, such as the _____ and the _____, invaded Britain.
Angles and Saxons
26
Monks began to compile the _____, which traces the history of England from Roman times to Alfred's day.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
27
The English nobles elected _____ king, rather than William (the cousin of the preceding king).
Harold
28
What battle did Harold and William fight over the throne.
The Battle of Hastings
29
Who won the Battle of Hastings, taking the throne?
William
30
The findings of the tax survey were collected in a record known as the _____.
Domesday Book.
31
The _____ not only helped insure justice but also helped to draw the English people together into a unified nation.
Common Law
32
The English barons forced John to set his seal to the _____.
Magna Carta
33
What does Magna Carta mean?
"Great Charter"
34
What was probably the most important and enduring contribution of Edward's reign?
Parliament
35
What was an assembly of the great men of the kingdom?
Witan
36
The word parliament comes from a french word meaning what?
"to seek" or "to discuss"
37
What city is known as the Île-de-France?
Paris
38
The climax of Capetian rule came during the reign of _____.
Phillip IV
39
Those marked by a cross (in military) were called _____.
Crusaders
40
How many major Crusades were there?
8
41
List the 4 reasons for the crusades.
- True desire to defend Christianity - Heavenly rewards - Escape life of the manor - Gain fame and fortune