The Multi Store Model Flashcards
who invented the MSM & when?
shiffrin & atkinson 1968
how to get info from the sensory register to STM
give it attention
sensory register
- all stimuli from the environment pass into this, stores for all 5 senses
- iconic memory = visual info store
- echoic memory = acoustic store
- very brief duration = less than 0.5 secs
- high capacity
- attention passes the info to STM
STM
- coded mainly acoustically
- lasts 18 seconds-ish unless rehearsed
- limited capacity store (7 +/-2 items) before forgetting occurs
maintenance rehearsal
repeating material to yourself over and over keeps it in STM & if rehearsed enough, it passes into LTM
LTM
- potentially permanent store for info which has been rehearsed for a prolonged time
- coded mostly semantically
- duration = up to a lifetime
- capacity = unlimited
what do we do when we want to recall info from LTM?
transfer back into STM by RETRIEVAL
EVALUATION of MSM - strength
RESEARCH SUPPORT
- support from studies showing STM & LTM are different (examples of studies in another deck)
EVALUATION of MSM - counterargument to the strength
- many of the studies used to support the MSM use meaningless material (trigrams, digits, letters) rather than faces & names
- may not be a valid model of how memory works in everyday life
EVALUATION of MSM - limitations
MORE THAN 1 STM STORE
- shallice & warrington (1970) studied KF who had amnesia
- his STM for digits when read out loud to him but better when read to himself
- further studies showed there may be another STM store for non-verbal sounds
ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL
- prolonged rehearsal (the more rehearsal, the more likely to transfer) is not needed to transfer info to the LTM
- craik & watkins (1973) = type of rehearsal is more important than the amount
- elaborative rehearsal is needed = linking info to existing knowledge
