Cognitive approach to depression Flashcards
two explanations
- beck’s negative triad
- ellis’s abc model
beck’s negative triad
- negative self schema - ‘cognitive bias’ ignoring evidence to the contrary
- faulty info processing - overgeneralising
- negative view of world, future & self
ellis’s abc model
- activating event
- beliefs - irrational (catastrophising, illogical)
- consequences
EVALUATION - res
+ RESEARCH SUPPORT
- clark & beck (1999) found cognitive vulnerabilities more common with those with it & also preceded it
- confirmed by cohen et al (2019) = 473 ados & found it predicted later depression
- BUT correlational!!!!
EVALUATION - rea
+ REAL WORLD APPL
- CBT is successful & made from these explanations
- could screen people & provide early intervention if thoughts are predictive
EVALUATION - negative
ONLY PARTIALLY EXPLAINING
- they can experience many symptoms not just irrational/negative thoughts
- not all have an ‘activating event’
what does cbt stand for?
cognitive behaviour therapy
CBT
- identify & challenge the negative triad
- tests reality of their negative beliefs
- homework = ‘client as scientist’ creates evidence for therapist
REBT
- dispute & effect
- challenging irrational thoughts
- empirical, logical & pragmatic arguments
behavioural activation
- increasing engagement in activities like exercising & going out to dinner
- decreases avoidance & isolation
EVALUATION for treatment = ev
EVIDENCE FOR EFFECTIVENESS
- march et al (2007) = after 36 wks, 81% of CBT, 81% of drugs & 86% of combined sig improved
EVALUATION for treatment - su
SUITABILITY FOR DIVERSE CLIENTS
- severe cases or learning disabilities
- some lack motivation, concentration etc
COUNTER
- lewis & lewis found CBT was just as effective as drugs for severe depression
EVALUATION for treatment - re
RELAPSE RATES
- few early studies looked at LT effectiveness
- ali et al = out of 439 clients, 53% relapsed within a year
- suggests CBT may need to be repeated periodically
