Intro to Attachment Flashcards
cute schema
- lorenz (1949) = identified a set of features we would identify as cute, increasing parents’ motivation to care - increases chances of survival
- glocker (2009) = even if not related to the child - fmri data - cute images activated reward & motivation part of the brain
cute schema research
- glocker (2009) = even if not related to the child - fmri data - cute images activated reward & motivation part of the brain
- mccabe (1984) = children with adult-like faces are more likely to receive physical abuse
importance of mother-infant bonding research
KLAUS & KENNELL (1976)
- group 1 = took newborn from mum for a bit
- group 2 = kept hold of their newborn
- results = group 2 held their babies closer, more kisses & cuddles, eye contact, likely to continue breastfeeding
attachment definition
formation of a strong, reciprocal emotional bond between an infant & its primary caregiver
reciprocity
responding to another person with a similar action
reciprocity research
TRONICK ET AL (1979)
- still face experiment showed babies expect & anticipate concordant responses to their smiles
interactional synchrony
coordination between a speaker’s speech & listener’s movements during interaction - 1 mirrors the other with facial & body movements
interactional synchrony research
MELTZOV & MOORE (1977)
- 2 cameras on newborn & adult
- the baby would imitate the adult
- inter-rater reliability = 0.92
EVALUATION of working with babies 1
- they move lots- problems with recording accurately
- counter - m&m used a 3rd person to categorise actions on video - internal validity
EVALUATION of working with babies 2
- koepke et al (1983) failed to replicate findings
- counter - was it as carefully controlled as the og?
EVALUATION of research
CULTURAL VARIATIONS
- only applies to individualist cultures
- sagi (1994) = in a kibbutz, children are raised in a group by the community - found less closeness with mothers
measuring dad’s role - aspects…
LAMB ET AL (1985)
- interaction = how much father engages with infant
- accessibility = how physically & emotionally accessible he is
- responsibility = the extent to which he takes on ‘caretaking’ tasks
no relationship between time & attachment
dad’s role - quality research
verissimo et al (2011) = quality of relationship between fathers & toddlers correlated greatly with the number of friends at preschool
can dads form close attachments? yes arguments
- frodi et al = no physiological differences when shown videos of babies crying
- is seen in single parent families
can dads form close attachments? no arguments
- lack emotional sensitivity, maybe from biology (oestrogen) or social factors (stereotypes)
- heerman = men are less sensitive
