The Heart and Blood

Question 1

What do artery’s do?

Answer 1

carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

What is the function of arterioles ?

Answer 2

Connect arteries to capillaries

Question 3

What do veins do?

Answer 3

carry blood to the heart

Question 4

What is the function of venules ?

Answer 4

Carry blood from capillaries to veins

Question 5

What is the structure of an artery ?

Answer 5

Thick and muscular to handle pressure , have elastin to allow them to stretch , large thick walls

Question 6

What is the function of the capillaries ?

Answer 6

Link arterioles to venules , allow gaseous exchange

Question 7

What is the structure of a vein ?

Answer 7

non elastic , has valves , thinner than arteries

Question 8

What is the structure of a capillary ?

Answer 8

One cell thick , contain fenestrations to allow movement of substances

Question 9

What is the order of blood flow though the heart ?

Answer 9

vena cava , right atrium , tricuspid valve , right ventricle , pulmonary valve , pulmonary artery , lungs , left atrium , left ventricle , aorta

Question 10

Why do mammals have a double circulatory system?

Answer 10

To prevent the mixing of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood

Question 11

What are the 3 layers of tissue within the heart ?

Answer 11

Epicardium , myocardium , endocardium

Question 12

What is the function of the sinoatrial node (SA Node)

Answer 12

Generates electrical impulses to regulate the heart rate and rhythm

Question 13

Where is the sinoatrial node located?

Answer 13

In the upper wall of the right atrium

Question 14

What is the function of the atrioventricular node ? (AV Node)

Answer 14

Sends the electrical impulse to the ventricles so they can contract

Question 15

Where is the AV node located?

Answer 15

junction of atria and ventricles

Question 16

What function does the bundles of his have ?

Answer 16

Send the impulse from the AV node to the purkinje fibers

Question 17

Where are the purkinje fibers located?

Answer 17

endocardium , walls of ventricles

Question 18

Explain what is meant by the terms diastole and systole ?

Answer 18

Diastole - When the heart relaxes

Systole - When the heart contacts

Question 19

How is blood pressure within the body regulated ?

Answer 19

The medulla oblongata controls the heart rate + blood pressure.

Detectors within the blood vessels measure BP .

If there is a drop in BP or an increase in C02 occurs the heart is stimulated to increase cardiac output.

BP is increased or decreased by changing the diameter of blood vessels