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Animal Biology > Avian Reproductive System and The structure of an Egg > Flashcards

Avian Reproductive System and The structure of an Egg Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to the ovary and oviduct of a bird before they reach sexual maturity ?

A

the right ovary and oviducts degenerate leaving one functional ovary.

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2
Q

What are the functional parts of the female avian reproductive system ?

A

The ovary, oviduct and the cloaca

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3
Q

What are the parts of the female avian reproductive system ?

A 
Infundibulum
Magnum
Isthmus
Uterus
Colaca
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4
Q

What is the function and structure of the infundibulum ?

A

The Infundibulum is the first part of the female avian reproductive system. It sits just below the ovary and receives the egg which is released from the ovary. Within the infundibulum fertilisation of the egg (yolk) takes place.

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5
Q

What is the function and structure of the Magnum ?

A

The magnum is below the infundibulum and is where the albumen ( egg white) is secreted. This will then form with the fertilized yolk and will form the inner components of the egg.

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6
Q

What is the function and structure of the Isthmus ?

A

Within the isthmus the shell membrane of the egg will begin to form alongside the egg white and egg yolk. This will move down to the uterus.

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7
Q

What is the function and structure of the Uterus ?

A

Within the uterus the shell and shell pigment is added to the yolk and egg white. Once all of the components are present the egg shell will form over a time of 20 hours and this will then enclose all of the contents off the egg which can then be laid.

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8
Q

What is the function and structure of the Cloaca?

A

Once the egg has fully formed and developed the egg will be passed out of the body through the colca .

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9
Q

What are the parts of the male avian reproductive system ?

A 
Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Cloaca
Papillae
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10
Q

What is the structure and function of the testes ?

A

Within birds the testes are located within the abdominal cavity. The function of the testes is to produce sperm which can fertilize an egg.

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11
Q

What is the structure and function of the epididymis ?

A

The epididymis is where the sperm go to mature and are stored.

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12
Q

What is the structure and function of the Vas deferens ?

A

The vas deferens transports the sperm from the epididymis to the coloca .

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13
Q

What is the structure and function of the Cloaca ?

A

The coloca is a passageway which is used for digestive waste and urinary products and also a reproductive passageway.

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14
Q

What is the structure and function of the Papillae ?

A

Emits semen into the colca to the female.

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15
Q

Do all birds have a phallus ?

A

Although most birds to have a phallus some do not due to a genetic mutation which effects the sex chromosomes. This affects some bird species and controls if species of birds have a phallus or not.

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16
Q

What are the components of an egg ?

A 
Shell
Inner and outer shell membranes
Chalaza
Air cell
Albumen
Yolk
17
Q

What is the function of Chorion ?

A

surround embryo and allows gaseous exchange

18
Q

What is the function of Amnion ?

A

forms a sac that helps protect the embryo. Help hold amniotic fluid that acts like a shock absorber

19
Q

What is the function of Allantois ?

A

develops large circulatory system that allows for respiratory, excretory and digestive functions

20
Q

What is the function of Yolk sac ?

A

digestive functions used as food source by embryo and by the newborn chick.

21
Q

What is the process of fertilization within avian animals ?

A

Process start with copulation. The male places his sperm into the oviduct of the female by depositing sperm from the papillae to the wall of the female cloaca.

The sperm can remain in the oviduct for up to three weeks, however they have full fertilizing ability after six days.

The oviduct is where the egg is developed before its laid. An egg is formed over a period of approximately 25 hours.

22
Q

How long does the egg spend within the infundibulum ?

A

15 mins

23
Q

How long does the egg spend within the magnum ?

A

3 hours

24
Q

How long does the egg spend within the isthmus ?

A

1 hour

25
Q

How long does the egg spend within the uterus ?

A

21 hours

26
Q

How long does the egg spend within the

A

Less than 1 min

27
Q

What is the incubation period for Chickens ?

A

21 days

28
Q

What is the incubation period for Pheasants ?

A

24 -25 days

29
Q

What is the incubation period for Ducks ?

A

28 days

30
Q

What is the incubation period for Barn Owls?

A

31 days

31
Q

What are factors which effect egg production ?

A 
Breed of bird 
Housing needs 
Husbandry 
Age 
Weather 
Moulting 
Light 
Food 
Temperature
32
Q

What is commercial incubation ?

A

37-39 Celcius. Over or under eating can affect the embryo
Humidity level is kept at approximately 60-70% for the last three days. Stops egg drying out
Ventilation is important as oxygen enters through the shell. This increases as the embryo starts to hatch
Turning the eggs stops the embryo from sticking on one side of the egg. Turning occurs three time a day.

Animal Biology (19 decks)

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