The Healthy Term Infant Flashcards
What is the normal weight of a newborn
2.5kg-4kg
How much body fat does a male term baby have vs a preterm baby
15 percent at term only 3.5 percent at 28 weeks.
What is the difference between the babies nutrition in utero vs after birth
In utero - continuous glucose infusion
After brith this changes to intermittent bolus enteral feeds
What vaccination is given to the infant at birth
Hepatitis B
What screening tests are done at birth
Hearing
Hip
Metabolic - thyroid, MCCAD, PKU, haemoglobinopathies
What is screend for in the heel prick test
Sickle cell
metabolic disorders
Cystic fibrosis
Hypothyroidism
Whens should the newborn examination be carried out
at around 24 hours
Head
Circumferance Moulding Overlapping sutures Fontanelles Cephalohaematoma Caput succedaneum Ventouse/forceps - facial nerve palsy
Eyes
Size Red reflect Conjunctival haemorrhage Squints Congenital cateracts
Ears
Low set
External auditory canal
Tags/pits
Mouth
Shape Philtrun Cleft lip Palate Ebsteins pearls Sucking reflex
Fetal alchohol syndrome facial characteristics
Epicanthal folds Small eye opeing Flat midface Upturned nose Smooth philtrum This upper lip
Resp
Chest shape Nasal flaring Grunting Tachypnoea In-drawing Breath sounds
Cardiovascular
Colour Sats Femoral pulse Apex/thrills Heart sounds
Abdo
Moves with respiration Distension Bile stained vomiting Passage of meconuim Anus
GU
Normal genitalia
Passing urine
Undescended testes
Hypospadius
MSK
Limbs and digits Movement Contractures Spine Sacral dimples Hip - DDH - ortolani barlow
Neuro
Posture
Tone
Movement
Reflexes - suckling/rooting, moro’s, palmar grasp available from birth
When is the ‘fencing reflex’ present
The tonic neck reflex, also known as asymmetric tonic neck reflex or ‘fencing posture’ is present at one month of age and disappears at around four months. When the child’s head is turned to the side, the arm on that side will straighten and the opposite arm will bend (sometimes the motion will be very subtle or slight).
