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Reproduction > Anatomy: Female Reproductive System and Breast > Flashcards

Anatomy: Female Reproductive System and Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Which parts of the female reproductive system lie in the pelvic cavity?

A

Ovaries
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Superior part of the vagina

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2
Q

What parts of the female reproductive system lie in the perineum

A 
inferior part of vagina
perineal muscles
bartholin's gland's
clitoris
labia
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3
Q

Where is the perineum

A

inferior to the levator ani

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4
Q

Name the two pouches formed by the inferior part of the parietal peritoneum in the female

A

Vesico uterine pouch

Recto uterine pouch (pouch of douglas)

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5
Q

What is the clinical significance of the pouch of douglas

A

most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity- where fluid will collect

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6
Q

How can fluid be drained from the pouch of douglas

A

Via an needle passed through the posterior fornix of the vagina

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7
Q

what is the broad ligament of the uterus

A

a double layer of peritoneum

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8
Q

Where does the broad ligament of the uterus attach

A

extends between the uterus and the lateral walls & floor of the pelvis

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9
Q

What is the function of the broad ligament

A

helps maintain the uterus in its correct midline position

contains within it the uterine tubes and (the proximal part of) the round ligament

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10
Q

What is the round ligament

A

an embryological remnant

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11
Q

what are the three layers of the body of the uterus

A

perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium

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12
Q

Which layer of the uterus sheds during menstruation

A

endometrium

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13
Q

Where does implantation of the zygote occur?

A

body of the uterus

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14
Q

What is the name of the pregnancy that occurs elsewhere

A

ectopic pregnancy

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15
Q

What are the three layers that support the uterus/

A

strong ligaments - uterosacral ligament
endopelvic fascia
muscles of the pelvic floor (levator ani)

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16
Q

what can happen if there is weakness in the structures that support the uterus

A

uterine prolapse (movement of uterus inferiorly)

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17
Q

What is the most common position of the uterus

A

anteverted and anteflexed

18
Q

What is meant by anteverted

A

uterus tipped anteriorly relative to the axis of the vagina

19
Q

what is meant by anteflexed

A

uterus tipped anteriorly relative to the axis of the cervix (the mass of the uterus lies over the bladder)

20
Q

What is a normal variation of the position of the uterus

A

retroverted and retroflexed

21
Q

What is meant by retroverted?

A

uterus tipped posteriorly relative to the axis of the vagina

22
Q

What is meant by anteflexed?

A

uterus tipped posteriorly relative to the axis of the cervix

23
Q

What part is sampled in a cervical smear?

A

the squamo columnar junction

24
Q

What is the name of the device used to hold the walls of the vagina apart

A

speculum

25
Q

Where does fertilisation occur

A

ampulla

26
Q

What hormones do the ovaries secrete in response to FSH and LH

A

oestrogen and progesterone

27
Q

At what position can the ischial spines be palated on digital examination of the vagina

A

4 and 8 oclock

28
Q

What may be palpated on digital vaginal exam

A

ischial spines
position of the uterus
adnexae

29
Q

what type of muscle is the levator ani

A

skeletal muscles

30
Q

What nerve supplies the levator ani

A

the nerve to the levator ani made of S3,4 and 4

31
Q

what supplies the perineal muscles

A

the pudendal nerve

32
Q

what is the perineal body

A

a bundle of collagenous and elastic tissue into which the perineal muscles attach
located just deep to the skin

33
Q

What is the function of bartholians gland

A

to secrete mucus to lubricated the vagina

34
Q

Where is the female breast typically situated

A

from ribs 2 to 6

on deep fascia covering pec major and serratus anterior

35
Q

what is the name of the space between fascia and breat

A

retromamary space

36
Q

what attaches the breast to the skin

A

suspensory ligaments

37
Q

what are the four quadrants used to describe the female breast

A

upper outer
upper inner
lower outer
lower inner

38
Q

where does most lymph from the breast drain

A

ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes then supraclavicular lymph nodes

39
Q

where can lymph from the lower inner breast drain

A

abdominal lymph nodes

40
Q

what is a level 1 axillary lymph node

A

inferior and lateral to pec minor

41
Q

what is a level II axillary lymph node

A

deep to pec minor

42
Q

what is a level III axillary lymph node

A

superior and medial to pec minor

Reproduction (52 decks)

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