HIV: Principles and Management

Question 1

What is the treatment of rectal chlamydia

Answer 1

co-trimoxazole or doxycycline

Question 2

What does reverse transcpitase do

Answer 2

turn the RNA molecules in HIV to DNA

Question 3

What is the CCR5 receptor

Answer 3

chemokine co receptor - after the HIV virus binds to the T helper cell via the CD4 receptors this produces a conformational change and the HIV virus also binds to CCR5

Question 4

what does integrase do

Answer 4

so once the RNA fo HIV has been changed to dDNA by reverse transcriptase - integrase grab hold of the DNA and takes it into the T helper cells nucleus - integrase allows the HIV to become integrated in to the host cell DNA

Question 5

what

Answer 5

breaks up polyprotein chains allowing them to form functioning proteins and allow the new cell that is produced to become a new HIV cell which can go on to infect other T cells

Question 6

What is HAART

Answer 6

a combination of three drugs from at least two drug classes which the virus is susceptible

Question 7

what is the purpose of HAART

Answer 7

reduce viral load to undetectable
restore immunocompetence
reduce morbidity and mortality
minimise toxicity

Question 8

Why is it important to be compliant to HIV medication

Answer 8

to prevent resistance

Question 9

What are the side effects of HAART toxicity

Answer 9

GI side effects
skin rashes - stevens-johnsons
Mood problems, psychosis
renal toxicity
osteomalacia
increased MI risk
anaemia
fulminant hepatitis

Question 10

How is transmission of HIV from mother to child prevented

Answer 10

HAART during pregnancy
vaginal deliverly if undetected viral load- c section if detected viral load
four weeks of Post exposure prophylaxis for neonate
do not breast feed