Menstrual Disorders Flashcards
what hormone stimulates ovarian follicle development and oetrogen production
FSH
which cells produce oestrogens
grandulosa cells
what happens as a results of raising oestrogen and inhibin by dominant follicles
inhibits FSH
what do declining FSH levels cause
atresia of dominant follicle
when does ovulation occur
prior to LH surge - dominant follicle rupture and releases oocyte
what occurs in the luteal phase
formation of the corpus luteum
progesterone production
luteolysis 14 days post ovulation
what are the phases that the endometrium goes through during the cycle
proliferative
luteal
menstruation
which hormone mediates the proliferative phase
oestrogen
which hormone mediates the luteal phase
progesterone
what are the mechanisms of menstruation
arteriorlar constriction results in shedding of the endometrial layer
fibrinolysis inhibits scare tissue formation
how long does menstrual loss usually last
4-6 days
what is the usual blood loss in menstruation
less than 80ml
what is the length of an average cycle
28 days (21-35days =normal)
define the term menorrhagia
prolonged and increased menstrual flow
metrorrhagia
regular intermentrual bleeding
polymenorrhoea
menses occurring at less than 21 day intervals
polymenorrhagia
increased bleeding and more frequent cycle
menometrohagia
prolonged menses and intermentrual bleeding
amenorrhoea
absence of menstruation for more than 6 months
oligomenorrhea
menses at intervals of more than 35 days
what is the term for menorrhagia with no organic cause and how common is it
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
50 percent of cases
what local causes can cause menorrhagia
fibroids adenomyosis polyps cervical eversion endometrial hyperplasia IUD pelvic inflammatory disease endometriosis malignancy hormone producing tumours trauma arteriorvenous malformations
what is endometriosis
a conditions where parts of the womb lining are found outside of the womb
what is an ovarian endometrioma
benign oestrogen dependent cyst found in woman of reproductive age
what systemic disorders can cause menorrhagia
thyroid disease diabetes adrenal disease prolactin disorders von willebrand's ITP clotting factor deficit anticoagulant drugs pregnancy - miscarriage, ectopic, gestational trophoblastic disease, PPH
what are the two types of dysfunctional uterine bleeding
anovulatory (irregular cycle) - 85 percent
ovulatory (regular cycle)
