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CAMS > The Greeks > Flashcards

The Greeks Flashcards

1
Q

Trade routes in minoan period

A

crete is the big center –knossos and phaistos

Goes all the way to Mari of Zimri Lin (destroyed by Hammurabi)

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2
Q

Thera (Santorini): difficult dating, ca. 1628?/1,550?

A

volcanic eruption and tsunami , probably changed entire landscape

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3
Q

Minoan Period

A

1900-1700: Old Palace period

ca. 1700/1600: Palaces, destroyed & rebuilt bigger
ca. 1600-1450: New Palace period- ushers in mycenean period

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4
Q

Mycenaean Period (1450/1425-1200/1100)

A

aka Third Palace period: it begins with destruction of the Minoan palaces (1450/1425) & ends with that of the Mycenanean ones (1200) 100-200 years in middle of 15th century- 1450, nothing really happens until mycenean period

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5
Q

Before Minoan:

A

Cycladic (3000-2000) middle of 3rd millenium, years behind near east/mesopatamia

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6
Q

Scripts & languages in 2nd mill. Greece

A

Minoan/Cretan hieroglyphs: undeciphered (early-mid 2nd mill.) (from Crete Island)
Linear A: undeciphered (ca. 1700-1450)
Linear B: first texts in Greek, Mycenaean Greek (2nd-mill. Greek)- 1300s?
Linear A is most likely a forerunner of linear B, but cannot decipher based off of one another, not related to any language family we know of

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7
Q

Syllabary & logograms for linear B

A

Logograms are entire words, and syllabary is just syllabary
KA-KO – ka-ko’s- bad ugly, defective
Or khalko’s- copper (depends on the cases!!) ambiguous, easy for admin texts, but hard to use for literary texts

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8
Q

Frescoes

A

Fresco from Avaris (Tell ed-Dab‘a) – Hyksos (Dyn. XV, Egypt)

~~Fresco from Minoan palace in Crete (Knossos)

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9
Q

civilization**

A

cities, stratification, specialisation

by 1450 Mycenae has biggest centers of civilization

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10
Q

Ventris

A

gifted architect, gifted with languages, Chadwick and him(master of hellenistic greek) decipher linear B
-no literary texts, maybe on papyrus or passed down in words

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11
Q

first civilization in europe

A

crete- minoans

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12
Q

bull jumping

A

frescoes in avaris (hyksos) and minoan palace in Crete, rite of passage?

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13
Q

Tomb from Dynasty XVIII – Egypt, New Kingdom

A

Keftiu = Kaphtor = Crete

Men of Keftiu bearing gifts

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14
Q

Minoan fresco from Knossos

A

Greek drinking vases

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15
Q

Phaistos

A

has like 1 script, still not deciphered (must have a viable preexisting hypothesis)
Man- Douhoux- reduction into something else, deciphered it into english, german, a bunch of languages, you can make it work, because what can you test it against?

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16
Q

Arthur Evans

A

excavator of Knossos, Named it minoan period (king Minos and the minotaur) painted excavation as they went- beautifully done

17
Q

Theseus & the Minotaur

A

amphora, Athens ca. 550, vase
Doesn’t want his daughter( arachnae?) to marry anyone, so theseus has to do the labyrinth
Asterion is the name of the minotaur

18
Q

Knossos fresco

A

female questions?

19
Q

Minoan seal: bull-leaping

A

Evans found Knossos because farmers had trinkets like the seal of the bull leaping, names it minoan for notoriety

20
Q

labrys (λάβρυς): double-headed axe From a cave near Arkalokhori (Crete

A

Labrys- nothing to do with labyrinth, labrys is more like an axe After 1450 this axe is everywhere, so it becomes associated with the island

21
Q

Ship fresco (aka City fresco) at Akrotiri

A

(in Thera = Santorini, Cyclades), ca. 1650
Thera= huge volcanic eruption!!
Hyksos- ships, offers new potential for islanders (most sailors didn’t know how to swim then)

22
Q

Landscape with swallows (Spring fresco)

A

at Akrotiri, in Thera (= Santorini, Cyclades), ca. 1650
Many plants from minoan have petite little flowers with thick tree trunks
Every room in every palace has frescoes and painting (can see pigments even when frescoes are gone)

23
Q

Mycenaean Period

A

1450/1425—1200/1100

24
Q

Minoan Period

A

2000/1900—1450/1425

25
Q

Mycenae

A

Lion Gate, huge cyclopean stones- filled crevices with smaller stones and flattened one side, acropolis=high city

26
Q

Heinrich Schliemann

A

excavator of Troy and Mycenae -Found Troy through the Iliad, traveled around and matched descriptions with real life >

27
Q

tholos tomb at Mycenae

A

Treasury of Atreus, round tomb with cupola inside it

HUGE mausoleums, big entryway

28
Q

Mask of Agamemnon

A

greek king of mycenae who leads greeks against romans, his wife cheats on him with his brother – war of Troy, only full trilogy is aratae (this one about him!)
Males are buried in supine position, pottery can be dated, know where clay comes from
Very thin gold
Façade of palace

29
Q

rhyton with gold horns (Mycenae, 16th cent.)

A

Rhyton is a drinking vessel, holds half a gallon, drink from side and hold horns!! (ambrosia) greeks drink wine, mixed it with things to make it sweet and watered it down!! Added clove etc for aromatic and added a ton of sugar (wine cooler)

30
Q

megaron (royal hall) at Mycenae

A

Megaron means big building

Simple structure, second floor has lower ceilings, probably rooms, complex roofs

31
Q

GRAVE OF THE GRIFFIN WARRIOR

A

(BODY OF LION, HEAD OF EAGLE) GRIFFIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH A GUARDIAN ANGEL, found at pylos!!
MIRROR, WARRIOR, MALE 30-35 (OMB FELL IN ON THEM
BURIED WITH COMBS AND MIRRORS AND BEAUTY THINGS TOMB DATES TO 5500 AND MINOAN PERIOD!!!
BUT IT’S A MYCENAEN CITY, SO BEFORE COLLAPSE OF PALACES MINOAN CULTURE HAD GONE TO MAINLAND! (EVEN AMONG GREEK SPEAKERS)
Beautiful necklace, 1 sword, bronze, gold and ivory, but a ton of combs etc
Found entire ring , 30-40 or more objects!
Greek city, with minoan era things, adopted and embraced their culture!

32
Q

The megara at three Mycenaean sites

A

MYCENAE, PYLOS, TIRYNS, Similar to one another despite being so far away, Banqueting Hatiri?

33
Q

Mycenae ends around 1150

A

no writing in Greece until 700s!!!

south of italy was greek speaking- territory was extended to there

34
Q

Thebes, Mycenae, Phylos

A

Largest # of linear B texts, (Food for texts, probably a lot of textile production) linen/flax was main material for clothes at this time, sheep for wool too
Bigger than anything in Crete- Knossos destroyed around (450 burned) Palaces are emptied (towns might not have been)

CAMS (18 decks)

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