Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Ant > The Foot > Flashcards

The Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Three parts of foot

A
  1. Hindfoot= talus, calcaneus
  2. Midfoot=navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms
  3. Forefoot=metatarsals, phalanges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

7 bones in Tarsus

A
  1. talus
  2. calcaneous
  3. navicular
  4. cuboid
  5. cuneiform (medial, intermediate, lateral)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Talus

  1. The body of talus articulate with?
  2. function of talus
  3. It’s the only tarsal bone without?
A
  1. tibia & fibula
  2. transmit weight of body from tibia to fibula
  3. without muscle attachments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Calcaneus

  1. distinguisher in the foot as?
  2. articulate with?
  3. function
  4. sustentaculum tali:
A
  1. largest, strongest bone of the foot
  2. talus superiorly, cuboid anteriorly
  3. transmit weight from talus to ground
  4. “pulley” for flexor hallucis longus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Navicular bone shape & location
  2. Cuboid shape & location
  3. cuneiform shape & location
A
  1. boat-shaped; btw talus & cuniforms
  2. leystone of lateral longitudinal arch; most lateral bone
  3. wedge-shaped; transverse arch btw navicular & medial 3 metatarsals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. plantarflexion/dorsiflexion at what joint

2. eversion/inversion at what joint

A
  1. ankle joint
  2. subtalar joint
  3. ankle & foot can circumduct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. Pronation & supination of foot involves what joints?

2. pronation & supination movements

A
  1. combinations of movements involve both ankle & subtalar joints
  2. Pronation
    - eversion
    - abduction
    - dorsiflexion
  3. Supination
    - inversion
    - adduction
    - plantarflexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Metatarsus

  1. how many bones
    - connects what
    - description
A
  • 5 bones
  • connects tarsus and phalanges
  • numbered medial to lateral
  • head, shaft, base
  • 1 is shorter & stouter
  • 2 is longest
  • 5 has large tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phalange

  • number of bones
  • descriptions
A
  • 14 bones
  • 2 for big toes (hallux)
  • 3 for others (proximal, middle, distal)
  • each has head, shaft, base
  • phalanges of big toe are shorter & stouter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fascia of Foot (3)

Functions (3)

A 
Fascia:
1. medial plantar fascia
2. lateral plantar fascia
3. plantar aponeurosis
functions
1. holds parts of foot together
2. helps protect the plantar surface of foot from injury
3. helps support the longitudinal arch of foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Plantar aponeurosis

  1. location
  2. splits
  3. septa separates
A
  1. posteriorly from calcaneus
  2. splits into 5 bands enclose digital tendons
  3. vertical septa extend to compartmentalize the sole of the foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

foot muscles in the three compartments of the foot

A
  1. Medial compartment
    - abductor hallucis
    - flexor hallucis brevis
  2. Central
    - flexor digitorum brevis
    - flexor digitorum longus
    - quadratus plantae
    - lumbricals
  3. Lateral
    - abductor digiti minimi brevis
    - flexor digiti minimi brevis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Layers of muscle on sole of foot

  1. number of layers
  2. functions
  3. innervation
A
  1. 4 muscular layers
  2. -highly specialized for bipedal locomotion
    • maintain arches of foot
    • assists with standing on uneven ground
    • not used for fine control
  3. innervated by lateral & medial plantar nerves (branches of tibial n.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. Nerves of the foot

2. supply what

A
  1. medial & lateral plantar (from tibial n.)

2. supply intrinsic foot muscles except dorsum muscles (deep fibular n.) and also the skin of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First layer of the foot

  1. what three muscles
  2. what does each muscles covers
  3. what does each muscles function in
A
  1. abductor hallucis
    - calcaneus to big toe
    - abducts & flexes big toe
  2. flexor digitorum brevis
    - calcaneus to lateral 4 digits
    - flexes lateral 4 digits
  3. abductor digiti minimi
    - calcaneus to 5th digit
    - abducts & flexes 5th digit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Layer 2

1. 2 tendons

A
  1. flexor digitorum longus tendon

2. flexor hallucis longus tendon

17
Q

Layer 2

-2 muscles, location, and functions

A
  1. Quadratus plantae
    - calcaneus to tendon of flexor digitorum longus
    - modifies the effect of flexor digitorum longus
    - flexing lateral 4 digits
    - changes direction of force so it is parallel to long axis of foot
  2. Lumbricals
    - tendon of flexor digitorum longus to lateral 4 digits
    - flex MTP joints; extend prox & distal interphalangeal joints
18
Q

Layer 3

  • 3 muscles
  • bones, and functions
A
  1. flexor hallucis brevis
    - cuboid and cuneiforms to big toe
    - flexes big toe
  2. Adductor hallucis
    - metatarsals to big toe
    - adducts big toe; helps to maintain curvature of transverse arch
  3. flexor digiti minimi
    - 5th metatarsal to 5th digit
    - flexes 5th digit
19
Q

Layer 4

-2 muscles, location, function

A
  1. Plantar interossei (3)
    - between toes
    - adducts digits (PAD)
  2. Dorsal interossei (4)
    - between toes
    - abducts digits (DAB)
20
Q

Nerves of dorsal surface of foot (2)

A
  1. superficial fibular m. supplies dorsal skin

2. deep fibular n. supplies dorsal mm. and skin btw 1st & 2nd toes

21
Q

Dorsal m.

Extensor digitorum OINA

A

Extensor digitorum

O-calcaneus, deep part of inferior extensor retinaculum
I- digits 2-4
N- deep fibular n.
A- extends digits 2-4

22
Q

Dorsal m

Extensor hallucis brevis OINA

A

O- calcaneus, deep part of inferior extensor retinaculum
I- big toe
N- deep fibular nerve
A- extends big toe

23
Q

Dorsalus pedis artery

  • continuation of
  • division
  • suuplies
A
  • continuation of anterior tibial artery, supplies the dorsum of foot
  • divides into deep plantar artery & arcuate artery
  • deep plantar a. joins with lateral plantar artery of sole to form the deep plantar arch
  • palpating the dorsalis pedis a. in clincal practice especially in intermittent claudication

Gross Ant (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions