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Gross Ant > Muscles of eyes, mastication, soft palate, tongue > Flashcards

Muscles of eyes, mastication, soft palate, tongue Flashcards

1
Q

Bone of that surrounds orbits

A
  1. frontal
  2. sphenoid
  3. zygomatic
  4. palatine
  5. maxilla
  6. lacrimal
  7. ethmoid
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2
Q

Lacrimal apparatus:path of tear

A
  1. lacrimal gland produces tears
    -parasympathetic from CN VII facial n.
  2. lacrimal ducts
  3. surface of eye
  4. lacrimal lake
  5. lacrimal puncta
  6. lacrimal canuliculi
  7. lacrimal sac
  8. nasolacrimal duct
  9. nasal cavity inferior to inferior concha
    8.
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3
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions

lacteral rectus

A
  1. action: abduction

2. function: abduction

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4
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions:

medial rectus

A
  1. adduction

2. adduction

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5
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions:

superior rectus

A
  1. elevation, adduction, medial rotation

2. elevates abducted eye

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6
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions:

inferior rectus

A
  1. depression, adduction, lateral rotation

2. depresses abducted eye

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7
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions

inferior oblique

A
  1. elevation, abduction, lateral rotation

2. elevated adducted eye

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8
Q

Muscles of the eye movement, actions, functions:

superior oblique

A
  1. depression, abduction, medial rotation

2. depresses adducted eye

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9
Q

Trochlea and common tendon

A
  1. tendon of superior oblique muscle runs through a fibrocartilaginous loop called trochlea and then inserts into the sclera of the eyeball
  2. 6 ocular muscles move eyeball and four straight and 2 oblique.
    - four rectus muscles arise by a common tendinous ring
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10
Q
  1. look directly upward
  2. look directly downward
  3. nerves innervation
A
  1. SR&IO
  2. IR&SO
  3. LR6 SO4 all others 3
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11
Q

temporal region houses muscles of

mastication

A
  1. temporal fossa- superior to zygomatic arch

2. infratemporal fossa- inferior to zygomatic arch

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12
Q

Trigeminal nerve

  1. innervation
  2. branches
  3. lesions
A
  1. sensory to face & motor to mm, of mastication
    - main sensory nerve to head
    - motor nerve for mm. mastication
  2. 3 branches
    - to area above and medial to eye (sensory)
    - to maxillary region (sensory)
    - to mandibular region (sensory & motor)
  3. lesion of trigeminal nerve causes anesthesia of corresponding areas of scalp, face, cornea, conjunctiva, nose, mouth, tongue, and also paralysis of muscles of mastication; when mouth is opened mandible moves to paralyzed side
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13
Q

Temporalis m. OINA

A

O- floor of temporal fossa
I- coronoid process of mandible
N- CN V
A- anterior & posterior fibers elevate mandible; posterior fibers retract mandible

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14
Q

Masseter m. OINA

A

O- zygomatic arch
I- lateral surface of mandible
N- CN V
A- elevates and protrudes mandible; deep fibers retrude mandible

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15
Q

medial pterygoid m. OINA

A

O- tuberosity of maxilla and lateral pterygoid plate
I- medial surface of angle of mandible
N- CN V
A- elevates and helps protrude mandible

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16
Q

Lateral pterygoid m. OINA

A

O- upper head: greater wing of sphenoid
lower head: lateral pterygoid plate
I- neck of mandible and articualr disc, capsule of TM joint
N- CN V
A- protrude mandible and produce side-side movements

17
Q

Movement of mandible and TMJ

A
  1. temporomandibular joint (TMJ)- formed by head of manduble, mandubular fossa, articualr tubercle of temporal bone
  2. protraction- lateral, little bit of medial pterygoid, masseter
  3. retraction- posterior fibers of temporalis, deep part of masseter, geniohyoid, digastric
  4. elevation- (biting movement) temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid
  5. depression- gravity, lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid
18
Q

movement of mandible: lateral (side to side)

A
  • temporal of same side
  • lateral pterygoid of opposite side
  • medial pterygoid of opposite side
  • masseter of same side
19
Q

TMJ

A

TMJ- hinge and gliding joing

  • 2 movments: forward gliding, hinge-like rotation
  • when mouth opened, head and articualr disc move forward until head lies inferior to articular tubercle
  • lateral ptyerygoid m. pulls head of mandible anteriorly
  • head (condyle) and articular disc slide anteriorly
  • occurs only when mouth opens alot
  • wear on the bone and/or cartilage can cause pain
  • can be confused with ear pain
20
Q

TMJ dislocation

A
  • easily dislocated
  • usually dislocates anteriorly, especially when yawning or taking a large bite
  • person is then unable to close mouth
  • also dislocated during tooth extraction or by blow to chin when mouth is open (bilaterally)
21
Q

How TMJ damage occur

A
  • powerful compressive forces act on TMJ
  • can occur from:
    1. frequently chewing gum
    2. frequently chewing hard foods like nuts, hard vegetables, toothpicks
    3. grinding teeth
    4. nail biting
22
Q

muscles of mastication: innervated by CN V3

group by actions

A
  1. elevates mandible & closes mouth
    - temporalis
    - masseter
    - medial pterygoid
  2. pulls mandible anteriorly & opens mouth
    - lateral pterygoid
    - anterior belly of digastric
  3. tenses floor & roof of mouth
    - mylohyoid
    - tensor veli palatini
23
Q

Palate

A
  • forms roof & floor of nasal cavity
  • consists of:
    1. hard palate: anterior, immobile
    2. soft palate: posterior, mobile, tip is uvula
  • hard palate is formed by the palatine process of maxillae and horizontal process of palatine bones; it is arched
24
Q

Muscles of soft palate

A
  • also call velum palatinum
    1. tensor veli palatini
  • tenses soft palate
  • opens pharyngotympanic tube
  • CN V3
    2. levator veli palatini
  • elevates soft palate
  • CN X
    3. Uvula- elevates uvula; CN X
    4. palatopharyngeus- elevates pharynx; CN X
    5. palaglossus- elevates tongue; CN X
25
Q

extrinsic muscles of tongue

A
  1. styloglossus- retracts & elevates tongue; CN XII
  2. hyoglossus- retracts & depresses tongue; CN XII
  3. genioglossus- protrudes & depresses tongue; CN XII
    - muscles above function: mastication, taste, degluition, articulation, oral cleansing
    - hypoglossal n. also supplies intrinsic muscles of tongue
26
Q

Salivary glands & ducts

A
  • innervated by parasympathetic fibers
  • from facial n. CN VII: submandibular gland, sublingual gland
  • from glossopharyngeal n. CN IX: paratid gland

Gross Ant (18 decks)

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