Neurovasculature of Lower Limb Flashcards
1
Q
Fascia and compartments
- superficial
- deep fascia (3 compartments)
A
- Superficial fascia
- deep fascia
- Fibrous septa: separate compartments of muscles
- Fascia lata: thick fascia covering the muscles
- Deep fascias create tight compartments which allow efficient venous blood to heart
2
Q
Iliotibial Tract (Iliotibial band)
- description
- function
A
- thick lateral portion of fascia lata
- provides insertion for gluteus maximus and tensor fascia latae muscles
- helps to limit adduction of hip (standing on one leg.
3
Q
Veins in lower extremity
A
-have valves that prevent blood from moving inferiorly
4
Q
- great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein drain into?
- what causes caricose veins
A
- great saphenous vein drains into femoral vein; small saphenous vein drains into popliteal vein
- varicose veins result when valves in superficial veins do not close properly
5
Q
Overview of the 9 major arteries of the lower limbs
A
- external iliac a.-passes the inguinal ligament, changes name
- femoral a.-passes through adductor hiatus, changes name
- popliteal a-splits into
- anterior tibial a- continues into foot as dosalis pedis a
- posterior tibial a-continues into foot as plantar aa. which has a branch called the
- fibular a.
- oburator a-is a branch of the internal iliac a in the pelvis–leaves pelvis through obturator foramen
- superior and inferior gluteal aa.
6
Q
Femoral triangle:
- location
- bounded by: (3)
- contains
A
- junctional region btw the trunk & lower limb
- bounded by
- superiorly: inguinal ligament
- medially: lateral border of adductor longus
- laterally: medial border of sartorius
- contains: femoral n. a. v., great saphenous v.
7
Q
Anterior and medial thigh arteries
Deep veins of lower limb
A
Femoral a (to anterior compartment)
-deep artery of thigh (to posterior compartment)
-lateral circumflex femoral a (to hip)
-medial circumflex femoral a (to hip)
obturator a (to medial compartment)
-accompany arteries and are given same name
8
Q
Overview innervation of lower limb
- femoral n-
- obturator n
- sciatic n.-
a. Tibial n.-
b. common fibular n.
b1. superficial fibular n-
b2. deep fibular n-
A
- femoral n-supplies anterior thigh mm.
- obturator n.-supplies thigh adductors
- sciatic n.- supplies posterior thigh mm
a. Tibial n.- supplies posterior leg
b. common fibular n.
b1. superficial fibular n-supplies lateral leg mm.
b2. deep fibular n- supplies anterior leg mm.
9
Q
- what form Lumbar plexus?
- what form the sacral plexus
- what form the lumbosacral plexus
- what nerves supply lower limb
- the nerves of terminal branches of lumbar plexus descend to where to innervate what?
A
- anterior rami of spinal nerve L1-L5
- anterior rami of spinal nerves S1-S5
- lumbosacral trunk links the two plexus (lumbar plexus + sacral plexus)
- fibers from L2-S3 commingle form nerves that supply the Lower Limb
- descend into lower limb to innervate skeletal muscles (somatic motor) compartmentally
10
Q
Cutaneous nerve distribution:
A
somatic sensory information from skin returns from dermatomes to posterior horn of these spinal levels
11
Q
Compartment of thigh muscle and nerve 1. anterior 2. medial 3. posterior Compartment of leg 1. anterior 2. medial 3. posterior (superficial and deep)
A
Compartment of thigh muscle and nerve 1. anterior-femoral n. 2. medial-obturator n. 3. posterior-sciatic n. Compartment of leg 1. anterior-deep fibular n. 2. lateral- superficial fibular n 3. posterior (superficial and deep)- tibial n.
12
Q
Femoral nerve
- location
- symptoms of damage
Obturator nerve
- location
- symptoms of damage
A
Femoral nerve
- location-runs deep to inguinal liagament to emerge into femoral triangle
- symptoms of damage
- inability to extend leg
- reliance on intact leg to climb stairs, rise from seated position
Obturator nerve
- location- runs through obturator foramen to emerge btw adductor brevis and adductor longus
- symptoms of damage
- weak adduction of thigh
