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World History > The First Industrial Revolution > Flashcards

The First Industrial Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Bubonic Plauge

A
  • Otherwise known as the black death
  • Symptoms:
    1. Feel bad
    2. Buba
    3. Growth in lymph nodes
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2
Q

Cholera

A
  • From unclean water
  • Symptoms: Dehydration because of dystentary
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3
Q

Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution

A
  • Industrial Revolution changed human life drastically
  • More was created int he last 250+ years than in the previous 2500+ years of known human history
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4
Q

What was the Industrial revolution?

A
  • The industrial revolution refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the 1700s
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5
Q

The Industrial Revolution

A
  • Machines were invented which replaced human labor
  • New energy sources were developed to power the new machinery- water, steam, electricity, oil (gas, kerosene)
  • Increased use of metals and minerals
    • Aluminum, coal, copper, iron, ect.
  • Transportation improved
    • Ships
      -Wooden ships -> Iron ships -> Steel ships
    • Wind- powered sails -> Steam-powered boilers
  • Trains
  • Automobiles
  • Communication improved
    • Telegraph
    • Telephone
    • Radio
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6
Q

Britain Takes The lead in first industrial revolution because:

A
  • Plentiful iron and coal
  • A navigatable river system
  • Colonies that supplied raw materials and bought finished goods
  • A government that encouraged improvements in transportation and used its navy to protect British trade
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7
Q

Development of the Domestic System of Production

A
  • Domestic system developed in England
  • Late 1600s- late 1800s
  • Domestic system could not keep up with demand
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8
Q

Background of the Industrial Revolution

A
  • Scientific Revolution
  • Intellectual Revolution
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9
Q

Agriculture Revolution

A
  • Landowners experimented in their enclosures
    • Seed drill
    • Crop rotation
    • Livestock breeding
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10
Q

Intellectual Revolution

A
  • Encouraged learning and the search for better and newer ways of doing things
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11
Q

The Threshing Machine

A
  • Machine that threshes weat
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12
Q

Crop Rotation

A
  • Grow different crops to replenish nitrogen
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13
Q

When was the first industrial revolution?

A

1700s-1800s

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14
Q

Enclosures

A

Larger land feilds where people expieremented for greater production

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15
Q

How did the seed drill improve farming?

A

“It allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths. Thus, more seeds took root, boosting crop yields.”

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16
Q

What are some examples of how the agricultural revolution changed the physical environment?

A
  • Deforestation
  • A change in powers of landholding
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17
Q

Why the Industrial Revolution Began in England

A

In addition to a large population of workers, the small island country had extensive natural resources that were a result of its physical geography. Because of these resources, the agricultural revolution gave way to the Industrial Revolution.

18
Q

Industrialization

A

which is the process of developing machine production of goods, required such natural resources as
water power and coal to fuel the new machines
• iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings
• rivers for inland transportation
• harbors from which merchant ships set sail

19
Q

Why was the Factory System developed?

A
  • Developed to replace the domestic system of production, it was a faster method of production
20
Q

Factory system

A
  • Workers concentrated in a set location
  • Production anticipated demand
    For example: Under the domestic system, a woman might select fabric and have a businessperson give it to a home-based worker to make it into a dress. Under the factory system. The factory owner bought large lots of popular fabrics and had workers create multiple dresses in common sizes, anticipating that women would buy them.
21
Q

Domestic system methods

A
  • hand tools
22
Q

Domestic system location

A

home

23
Q

Domestic system ownership and kinds of tools

A

Small hand tools owned by worker

24
Q

Domestic System production output

A

-Small level of production
- Sold only to local market
- Manufactured on a per-ordered basis

25
Q
A
  • Worker manufactured entire item
  • Worker worked as much as she or he would and could according to demand
26
Q

Domestic system nature of work done by worker

A
  • Worker manufactured entire item
27
Q

Domestic system hours of work

A
  • Worker worked as much as he/she would and could, according to demand
28
Q

Domestic system worker dependence on employer

A
  • Worker had multiple sources of sustence0 other employers, own garden or far, and outside farm labor
29
Q

Factory system methods

A
  • machines
30
Q

Location

A
  • Factory
31
Q

Ownership and kinds of tool in factory system

A
  • Large power driven machines owned by the capatilist
32
Q

Production output

A
  • Large level of production
  • Sold to a worldwide market
  • Manufactured in anticipation of demand
33
Q

Factory system nature of work done by worker

A
  • Worker typically made one part of the larger whole
  • Henry Ford’s assembly line (early 20th century() kept workers stationary
34
Q

Factory System Hours of Work

A

-worker worked set daily hours

35
Q

Factory system Worker dependence on employer

A
  • Worker relied entirely on capitalist for his.her income- urban living made personal farming and gardening impractical
36
Q

Why the Industrial Revolution started in england

A
  • Capital for investing in the means of production
  • Colonies and markets for manufactured goods
  • Raw materials for production
  • Workers
  • Merchant marine
  • Geography
37
Q

England’s Resources: Capital

A
  • merchants had the capital to invest in the factory system money to buy buildings, machinery and raw materials
  • Its colonies gave England access to enormous markets and vast amounts of raw materials
  • possesed the necessary raw materials to create the means of production (coal, iron)
  • English people could freely travel from the countryside to the cities
  • World’s largest merchant fleet
38
Q

England Resources Geography

A
  • England is the political center of Great Britain, an isand
  • Great Britain did not suffer fighting on its land during the wars of the 18th century
  • Island has excellent harbors and ports
  • Damp climate benefited the textile industry (thread did not dry out)
  • Government stable
  • No internal trade barriers
39
Q

Inventions Spur Industrialization

A
  • Weavers work faster- flying shuttles/spinning jennies
    Water frame uses H20 to drive spinning whells
  • Power loom- Spinning mules sped up production
  • Move machinery to factories
40
Q

Necessity is the mother of invention

A

Spinning machine -> need to spped up weaving -> Power loom created

Cotton gin => demands for stronger iron -> Improvments in iron smelting and the development of steel (EBessmer process)

41
Q

As more steam- powered machines were built, factories needed more coal to create this system

A

Mining methods improved to meet the demand for more coal

World History (32 decks)

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