Babylonia

Question 1

Anu or An

Answer 1

Sky-father diety/god. “King of the Gods”. Authority figure in Babylonian culture. Seen as a primary decision maker. Sometimes referred to as the creator of the universe

Question 2

Anunnaki

Answer 2

A group of deities or gods of ancient Mesopotamia that were worshipped by many cultures including: Sumerians, Akkadians, Assyrians and Babylonians. Thought to be the descendent of Anu/An. Over time, the Anunnaki became known as the gods of the underworld. Overseer of the dead souls.

Question 3

Enlil or Ellil

Answer 3

One of three supreme deities or gods. He decreed the fates of peoples lives and the outcome of events. His word was finite and his commands could not be altered or changed after they had been given. Also known to be the “creator” or the “destroyer”. He was the god that was known to grant kingship. (Historical Connection Across Time: This is a belief that is similar to some parts of European History, where it was believed that the king was granted his right to rule and given his royal power by God. This idea in European History is known as the Divine Right of Kings)

Question 4

Marduk

Answer 4

Was known as the patron god of the city of Babylon temple tower, the Ziggurat Etemenanki. Marduk is of great religious importance and his importance will increase over time as the importance of the city of Babylon will also increase. Marduk is identified with the planet Jupiter and is seen by some, to be a god that was partially responsible for the storms.

Question 5

Hammurabi

Answer 5

Babylonian king Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to 1750 B.C. Hammurabi expanded the city-state of Babylon along the Euphrates River to unite all of southern Mesopotamia. His code, a collection of 282 laws and standards, stipulated rules for commercial interactions and set fines and punishments to meet the requirements of justice. Hammurabi’s Code was proclaimed at the end of his reign and carved onto a massive, finger-shaped black stone stela (pillar) that was looted by later invaders and rediscovered in 1901 by a French archaeological team in present-day Iran.

Question 6

Enki or Ea

Answer 6

Known as a mischievous god of wisdom, magic and incantations. He was thought to reside in the ocean underneath the earth. Thought to be very masculine and virile and was believed to be the creator or protector of humanity on the earth

Question 7

Adad

Answer 7

Primarily seen as the main god of the storms. Visualized as carrying a lightning fork. Is symbolized as the godly power over the storm. Also connected with the idea of nature at large and being the god of rain (not a storm with violent weather, but of just water falling from the sky).

Question 8

What was the Code of Hammurabi

Answer 8

• Earliest collection of laws

Question 9

How many laws did the Hammurabi consist of?

Answer 9

282

Question 10

Who was Hammurabi

Answer 10

• the “just judge”