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World History > Judeo-Christian Tradition > Flashcards

Judeo-Christian Tradition Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did Judiasm, Christianity and Islam all begin?

A

In a small corner of southwest Asia,

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2
Q

In the Torah, who did god chose to be the “father” or “ancestor” of the Hebrew people.

A

Abraham

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3
Q

Are Hebrews monotheistic or polytheistic?

A

They are monotheists (they believed in 1 god)

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4
Q

Hebrew God

A
  • There is only one
  • All perfect and all knowing
  • Eternal
  • It was god’s wish for people to live moral lives
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5
Q

What is the “Hebrew Bible” to Christians

A
  • The Old Testimate
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6
Q

Why, in the Hebrew religion, are people responsible for their own choices?

A
  • God gave them moral freedom
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7
Q

When did Moses receive the ten commandments?

A
  • This occurred between 1300 and 1200 BCE
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8
Q

Focus of the ten commandments

A
  • Morality
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9
Q

Prophets in the Hebrew religion

A
  • leaders and teachers who were believed by the Jews to have been sent by god
  • strengthened the Jews’ social conscience,
  • attacked war, oppression, and greed (in statements)
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10
Q

Ten Commandments

A
  1. I am the Lord thy God. . . Thou shalt have no
    other gods before me.
  2. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image. . .
  3. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God
    in vain. . .
  4. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.
  5. Honor thy father and thy mother. . .
  6. Thou shalt not kill.
  7. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
  8. Thou shalt not steal.
  9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy
    neighbor.
  10. Thou shalt not covet. . . anything that is thy
    neighbor’s.
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11
Q

According to the Christain New Testimate, when was Jesus born?

A

6 to 4 BC

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12
Q

What did Jesus teach? (Christianity)

A
  • Jesus’ ideas went beyond traditional morality. He
    stressed the importance of people’s love for God, their neighbors, their enemies,
    and themselves.
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13
Q

Why was Jesus crucified (Christianity)

A

Because some referred to him as the

“king of the Jews,” the Roman governor considered him a political threat.

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14
Q

Spread of Christianity

A
  • After Jesus died, Christianity spread slowly but steadily across the Roman Empire.
  • Paul had a lot of influence over Christianity
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15
Q

In what two ways did Rome spread Judaism and Christianity?

A
  • The first way was indirect. After the Jews began to rebel against the Romans in the first century, they were exiled
    from their homeland in A.D. 70. This dispersal was called the Diaspora. The Jews then fled to many parts of the world, where they shared their beliefs that all people had the right to be treated with justice and dignity.
    The second way the empire spread Judeo-Christian ideas was more direct.
  • Despite Roman persecution of Christians, Christianity became a powerful religion throughout the empire and beyond. By 380, it had become the official religion of the empire. Eventually, it took root in Europe, the Near East, and northern Africa.
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16
Q

Islam- Who’s teachings was it based on?

A
  • The prophet Mohammad
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17
Q

Where are Mohammad’s teachings found?

A

The Qur’an

18
Q

What did Mohammad teach?

A

He emphasized the dignity of all human beings and the
brotherhood of all people. A belief in
the bond of community and the unity of
all people led to a tolerance of different
groups within the community.

19
Q

What are the followers of Islam called?

A
  • Muslims
20
Q

Several ideas crucial to the shaping of a democratic outlook emerged from the early monotheistic religions of southwest
Asia. They include the following:

A
  • the duty of the individual and the community to combat oppression
  • the worth of the individual
  • the equality of people before God
21
Q

What did the Roman Catholic church develop from?

A

Roman Christianity

22
Q

What happened to the Roman Catholic Church by the Middle Ages?

A

By the Middle Ages, it had become the most
powerful institution in Europe. It influenced all aspects of
life—religious, social, and political.

23
Q

Renaissance

A
  • Movement that started in Italy, and spread across the rest of Europe (with the help of the printing press)
  • marked by renewed interest in classical
    culture.
  • Renaissance thinkers were interested in
    earthly life for its own sake. They rejected the medieval
    view that life was only a preparation for the afterlife.
  • Renaissance education was intended to prepare some men
    for public service rather than just for service to the Church.
24
Q

Durring the Rennisance, what did the study of classical texts encourage?

A

The study of classical texts led to an
intellectual movement that encouraged ideas about human
potential and achievement.

25
Q

When did the spirit of questioning that started during the Renaissance come to full bloom?

A

The Reformation

26
Q

Protestants

A
  • they protested against the power and abuses of the

Church.

27
Q

Where did the Reformation start?

A

Germany

28
Q

Martin Luther

A
  • criticized the Church’s practice of selling pardons for sins.
  • He contradicted the Church’s position that salvation came through faith and good works. He said people could be saved only through faith in God.
29
Q

What new branch of Christianity did the reform movement result in?

A

Protestantism.

30
Q

Catholic view on interpreting the bible vs Protestant view on interpreting the bible

A

Catholics and Protestants differed on many issues. The
Catholic Church claimed the right to interpret the Bible for
all Christians. Protestants called on believers to interpret the
Bible for themselves.

31
Q

Catholic vs Protestant view on how to reach salvation

A

The Catholic Church said the only way
to salvation was through the Church. Protestants said that the
clergy had no special powers; people could find individual
paths to God.

32
Q

Judaism

A
  • Hebrews were monotheists who believed in one god
  • Practiced Judaism
  • People had dignity simply by being a child of God adn each person was responsible for the choices they made; emphasis on the worth of the individual
33
Q

Jewish Law Teaches Morality

A
  • Moses forms a covenant with God
  • Ten Commandments- code of morality and ethics; rules of social and religious behavior
  • Prophets taught that people should oppose injustice and oppression and the community should assist the unfortunate
34
Q

Christianity

A
  • The teachings of Christianity
  • Love for God, their neighbors, their enemies, and themselves
  • Jesus was thought of as the “king of the Jews” and was crucified
  • Christianity- Teaching of Jesus Christ
35
Q

The spread of Christianity

A
  • The spread of Christianity
  • Apostle Paul spread Christianity and stressed the importance of equality for all human beings
  • Religion would welcome any converts
36
Q

Rome spreads Judeo-Christian Ideas

A
  • Jewish Diaspora- spread their beliefs that all people had the right to be treated with justice and dignity
  • Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire
37
Q

Islam

A
  • Monotheistic religion is based on the teachings of Muhammad
  • Qur’an was a collection of teachings from god delivered to Muhammad
  • Emphasized dignity of all human beings and the brotherhood of all people
  • Muslims were required to offer charity to those in need
38
Q

Legacy of Monotheistic Religions

A
  • The duty of the individual and the community to combat oppression
  • worth of the individual
  • equality of people before God
39
Q

Renaissance

A
  • Roman Catholic Church- During the middle ages it controlled all political, social, and religious aspects of life
  • Renaissance- renewed interest in classical Greek culture, fueled by the invention of the printing press
  • Prepared men for public service instead of service for the church
  • Encouraged human potential and achievement
  • Individualism
40
Q

Reformation

A

Reformation- religious reform movement in the 19th century led by the Protestants

  • Martin Luther- criticized the Church for selling pardons
  • Salvation came through faith in God, not good works
  • Protestantism
  • Interpret the bible by themselves
  • People could find individual paths to God; didn’t need church
  • Questioned political authority
41
Q

Legacy of the Renaissance and Reformation

A
  • By challenging authority the reformation indirectly contributed to the growth of democracy
  • Introduced individuals to reading
  • Emphasis on the Individual

World History (32 decks)

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