the 4 levels of structure

Question 1

primary structure

Answer 1

the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains

Question 2

secondary structure

Answer 2

-the shape of the local regions of a polypeptide, resulting from the interaction of amino acids
-a 3d form of local segments (not the whole protein, just twists and turns)
-beta pleated sheets (folds), alpha helices (coils), random coils (unorganised and irregular)

Question 3

what bonds affect the secondary structure?

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds, polar non polar

Question 4

tertiary structure

Answer 4

-the functional structure of a protein
-shape of the outer surface of a folded protein
-held together by hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds

Question 5

disulfide bond

Answer 5

a strong covalent bond between 2 sulfurs on cysteine amino acids

Question 6

hydrogen bond

Answer 6

a weak attraction between a hydrogen and an electronegative element in another molecule (usually oxygen or nitrogen)

Question 7

quaternary structure

Answer 7

made up of more than a single polypeptide chain, each with their own primary, secondary and tertiary structure. these polypeptides are held together by hydrogen bonds and mutual attraction between polar amino acid side chains

Question 8

prosthetic group

Answer 8

a non amino acid component bound tightly to a functional protein. it is still a part of the protein