TEXTURE MODIFIED DIET: DIABETIC FULL FLUID

Question 1

INDICATION FOR A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 1

• Used as a transition diet between the clear liquid diet and soft diet following gastrointestinal surgery
• Chewing difficulty
• Specifically for:
• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
• Insulin Resistance
• Documented glucose intolerance

Question 2

CONTRAINDICATION FOR A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 2

• Dysphagia (aspiration risk)
• A healthy individual who can chew/swallow and follow a normal diet with solid foods
• Any patient prescribed a full fluid diet may consume a diabetic full fluid diet, as it is healthy and balanced

Question 3

DEFINE DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 3

• Only fluid foods

* Differ from a clear fluid diet as milk and milk products, soups and liquidised foods are included

Question 4

PURPOSE OF A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 4

• Provision of macronutrients and micronutrients while recovering from surgery, or in the case of some diseases.
• Patient has chewing difficulty
• Specifically for Diabetes Mellitus:
• Optimal blood glucose throughout the day
• Meet individual nutritional needs for overall health
• Attain or maintain reasonable body weight
• Achieve optimal lipid and nutrient levels to prevent or delay complications

Question 5

NOTES FOR IMPLEMENTING A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 5

• Ensure enough dietary protein is provided for recovery after surgery
• Only small amounts of fibre and little vitamins and minerals are provided, so maybe add:
• Vitamin and mineral supplement
• Fibre rich sip feeds (from 3-4 days post-procedure)
• Control portion sizes to prevent hyper-and hypoglycaemia
• Include low-fat or skimmed milk-based or dairy-type fluids
• For lactose intolerant patients choose lactose free milk
• Have 3 full liquid meals per day
• Have liquid snacks in between meals
• Consider insulin regimes of patients in menu planning.

Question 6

GRAINS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 6

ALLOWED:
• Cooked cereals, e.g. Maltabella
• Thin mealie meal porridge (limit refined types)
• Strained whole-grain cereals

TO AVOID:
All grain foods including whole grains, processed grains such as pasta, rice, hot and cold cereals, bread, snacks and sweets that are flour-based (cakes, cookies)

Question 7

PROTEINS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 7

ALLOWED:• Protein powder (whey, soy, whey isolate)
• Premade protein shakes
• Strained meats (baby foods)

TO AVOID:
Beef and pork (all cuts)
Chicken and turkey (all cuts)
Fish (all types)
Nuts and nut butters (all types)
Eggs (all types)
Meat substitutes (all types) such as soy and tofu
Cold cuts or lunch meat (all types) including salami, ham, roast beef, deli turkey, etc.
Sausage (all types)

Question 8

DAIRY ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 8

ALLOWED:
• Milk (low-fat or fat-free)
• Yogurt (blended style without seeds or chunks)
• Soy milk, almond milk, rice milk, coconut milk
• Smooth cottage cheese

TO AVOID:
•	Full fat milk and milk products
•	Sour cream, cream cheese
•	Yogurt with fruit chunks or seeds
•	Hard cheeses

Question 9

VEGETABLES ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 9

ALLOWED:
• Vegetable juice without pulp
• Thin, pureed vegetable soups, without added fat or salt

TO AVOID:
Whole, frozen, fresh, canned varieties (if not pureed)
Limit soups made with high-carbohydrate vegetables, e.g. potato, sweet potato, corn, pumpkin, beetroot, peas and carrots.

Question 10

FRUITS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 10

ALLOWED:
• 100% fruit juices without pulp (apple, cranberry, grape), but no more than ½ Cup at a time
TO AVOID:
Whole, frozen, fresh, canned, and dried fruit (unless pureed)
Sweetened fruit juice

Question 11

OILS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 11

ALLOWED:
• Almond, avocado, canola, cashew, corn, grapeseed, olive, safflower, sesame, soybean, sunflower oils
• Trans fat–free margarine (melted)

TO AVOID:
•	Butter
•	Solid margarine or oils
•	Coconut oil
•	Palm Oil
•	Lard

Question 12

BEVERAGES ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 12

ALLOWED:
•	Water, ice
•	Tea, coffee
•	Nutritional supplements
•	Artificially sweetened sugar-free beverages, e.g. Diet Coke 

TO AVOID:
Alcoholic beverages, e.g. beer or distilled liquors.
Sugar-sweetened soft drinks, e.g. Coke, ice tea, lemonade

Question 13

COOKING METHODS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A DIABETIC FULL FLUID DIET

Answer 13

ALLOWED:
• Boiling
• Steaming
• Blending

TO AVOID:
•	Frying
•	Braising
•	Sautéing 
•	Grilling
•	Roasting