RESTRICTED DIET: LACTOSE FREE DIET

Question 1

INDICATION OF A LACTOSE/GALACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 1

– Lactase deficiency
– Holzel syndrome & Durand syndrome
– Sensitivity to milk protein

Question 2

CONTRAINDICATION OF A LACTOSE/GALACTOSE DIET

Answer 2

– Diet is very restrictive, so only use when necessary

Question 3

PURPOSE OF A LACTOSE/GALACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 3

– Prevent life-threatening consequences of lactose ingestion

Question 4

DISCUSS NOTES TO CONSIDER WHEN IMPLEMENTING A LACTOSE/GALACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 4

Lactose is a sugar found primarily in milk and milk products. Lactase is an enzyme required to digest lactose. If this enzyme is absent, then a person may experience bloating and cramps when ingesting milk. The unabsorbed lactose continues to the colon, where bacteria growth flourishes and this causes diarrhoea. For this reason, a lactose-free diet is recommended for patients with a lactase deficiency. This is different from a cow’s milk allergy. The tolerance of milk and dairy products varies from person to person. Same may tolerate small amounts of dairy such as yoghurt and mature cheese, but rather avoid if unsure.
A lactose-free diet is also beneficial to a person intolerant to galactose. Galactose and glucose are the two monosaccharide sugars that compile the lactose, a disaccharide sugar. It is important to read food labels

Question 5

LIST PRODUCTS WHERE LACTOSE MAY BE HIDDEN

Answer 5

• Baked products,
• Processed breakfast cereals,
• Instant mash,
• Soup powders,
• Butter,
• Salad dressings and
• Mixes for pancakes, muffins, biscuits and cakes.

Question 6

MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 6

ALLOWED:
EasyGest, Soy milk and soy milk products. Coconut milk and fortified rice milk. All forms of untreated fresh milk.

TO AVOID:
All foods containing milk. Cow’s milk, goat’s milk, dried milk powder, condensed milk, evaporated milk, cream, sour cream, yoghurt, cheese, ice-cream, dairy food products. Dishes containing any of these items.

Question 7

MEAT AND MEAT SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 7

ALLOWED:
Freshly cooked meat, fish and chicken made with dairy-free ingredients. Eggs.

TO AVOID:
Processed foods need to be checked for dairy products.

Question 8

BREAD, CEREAL, PASTA AND RICE PRODUCTS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 8

ALLOWED:
Dairy-free bread and baked products and cereals.

TO AVOID:
Cereals with added milk solids (milk powder). Biscuits, cakes and bread containing milk or butter.

Question 9

VEGETABLES ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 9

ALLOWED:
Fresh, canned or frozen vegetables.

TO AVOID:Processed foods must be checked for dairy content.

Question 10

FRUITS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 10

ALLOWED:
Fresh, canned or frozen fruit.

TO AVOID:
Processed foods must be checked for dairy content.

Question 11

FATS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 11

ALLOWED:
Dairy-free margarine

TO AVOID:
Butter and margarine

Question 12

BEVERAGES TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 12

Milo, Bournvita, Ovaltine, Horlicks, and supplements.

Question 13

COOKING METHODS ALLOWED AND TO AVOID IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 13

ALLOWED:
•	Boiling 
•	Steaming
•	Blending 
•	Frying
•	Braising
•	Sautéing 
•	Grilling
•	Roasting

TO AVOID:
• Deep-fat frying

Question 14

DISCUSS PLATING AND GARNISHING IN A LACTOSE FREE DIET

Answer 14

Plate neatly like the normal meal.

Best to use herb, fruit or vegetables to garnish.