Test 6.2 Flashcards
2 NEXT
You are managing a waterfall project. In the middle of the project the customer asks you to revise the scope defined at the beginning of the project. As an experienced project manager what should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Deny the request as the scope of work was frozen during planning
Accept the request and update the project charter
Generate a change request and follow the change control process
Consult with your sponsor on the customer request
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The customer wants to change the scope defined at the beginning of the project. That scope was a part of the project charter, which is the responsibility of the sponsor. Hence, the project manager needs to talk to the sponsor.
3 QUALITY
During the quality testing of the new software integration project, the results show performance variance from the quality management plan. Thus, the project manager asked the quality team to investigate the root cause of the variance and resolve it to get back on track. What type of action did the project manager request?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Corrective Action
Preventive Action
Defect Repair
Project Tracking
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Finding the root cause and taking action to bring the project back on track come under Corrective Action.
6 AGILE
You joined in as the project manager of an ongoing hybrid project after 6 months of project start date. You heard the team members saying that despite a robust change control system, there are too many changes in the project and the requirements keeps changing. What should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Halt all the changes until you know the reason for the previously done changes
Consider changing the development approach
Update the change management plan
Tell the team that changes are normal in hybrid projects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
If the requirements are changing too rapidly, the project manager should consider changing the development approach from hybrid to agile.
9 NEXT AGILE
You are the project manager of an ongoing agile software development project and you completed your second release. What should you do to prepare for the next release?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Manage changes to the scope baseline of the previous release
Review the backlog items
Confirm the validity of the project scope statement
Review the resource utilization
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
In agile projects, the project manager and product owner need to reprioritize the backlog items based on the work done during a sprint and the release, so after finishing the release, the project manager and product owner should review the backlog.
15 VZORCE
You are working on a cement plan maintenance project. The total estimated budget for project is $100000. At 40% completion of the actual work, the actual cost spent is $60000. At the same pace, how much more money will it take to complete the project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
$123,512
$97,889
$122,678
$89,254
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The question says “how much more” money you would need to complete the project. So the question requires us to calculate the ETC. First we will calculate EV by using the formula %completeBAC(40%100000), which would be $40000, then we will derive the CPI by the formula EV/AC (40000/60000), which would be 0.67. We need to use the CPI to calculate EAC by the formula BAC/CPI (100000/0.67), which would be 149254, and finally we need to calculate ETC by the formula EAC-AC (149254-60000) = 89254.
16 MONITORING AND CONTROL
Your are managing a large construction project. Currently, you and your team are following the monitor and control project work process. Which of the following activities you and team might carry out during this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Accepting or rejecting the change requests
Performing quality control activities on the deliverables
Getting formal acceptance on the deliverables from the customer (customer validation)
Comparing the actual progress against the baseline and the project management plan to keep the project under control
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The question asks about the process of monitor and control project work and not about monitoring and controlling process groups. The process group includes all the options, but the process of monitor and control project work includes comparing the actual progress against the project management plan and making sure the project runs on track.
18 QUALITY ASSURANCE
You are managing a defect rate reduction project for a manufacturing process. To analyze and improve the process, you and the team are now involved in the quality assurance process. Which of the following could help in improving the process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Add a zero inventory process to the project
Consult with the quality control department
Make a process improvement plan with a Kanban expert
Consult with a Six Sigma Black Belt consultant
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Six sigma is a lean project management concept, which is centralized around process improvement. The six sigma consultant can help in reducing the error rate.
20During the project review meeting with the team, you identified a significant variance. It is because of an issue in configuration. If the issue is not fixed before the next client inspection, your project might be canceled, However, after further review with the team, you came to know that bringing the project back on track is only a minor correction to the configuration element. What should you do first?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Contact your sponsor
Talk to the customer and inform them about the findings
Raise a change request
Change the configuration element to bring the project back on track
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Because the change is in configuration, the first thing the project manager should do is to raise a change request.
22 DEFINITION
You and the team are trying to estimate the time periods required by each activity. In this process, you are using a document which contains information on categories of labour, material, and equipment resources. To complete the project work, you also want to know the skill set, grade of supplies, and required certifications. Which of the following documents would you primarily refer for this purpose?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Resource management plan
Work breakdown structure
Resource breakdown structure
Project management plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team is in the estimate activity duration process. One of the inputs to that process is the resource breakdown structure, which has information related to labour, material, and equipment resources.
23
You are using a rented facility from where the team of developers and testers are working. The weekly renewal of the facility is bound to happen on Monday, next week. The development work is delayed and will take another week. You had a discussion with the landlord to renew the contract for one more week but the landlord informs you that the facility is already booked. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Update this risk in your risk register
Update this issue in the issue log
Update the resource management plan
Update procurement documentation
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Since the issue has already occurred, there is no need to change the facility. The facility is a part of physical resources, the resource management plan needs to be updated with this change.
27
A few deliverables in your project demand procurement of goods and services from outside the organization. You have instructed your team to document all individual project risks related to the procurement activities. How should the team proceed with this activity?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review and update the risk management plan
Update the risk register
Review procurement documentation
Interview the vendors and contractors to identify the risks
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although the team is performing the identification of the risk process from the risk management knowledge area, the risks are related to procurement. The procurement documents such as bid documents and statement of work can be useful in the identification of the risks. Procurement documentation is also an input to the risk identification process.
28 WHICH DOCUMENT
The project you are currently managing has five phases. At the phase gate meeting, the management wants to determine if the phase has met the success criteria so they can proceed to the next phase. Along with the project management plan, what is the other document that should be referred?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Business case and Project charter
Issue log
Risk register
Lessons learned register
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
To explain the success criteria, the project manager should refer to the business case and the project charter, along with the project management plan, as these documents contain the business objectives and other high level information about the project.
30 WHICH DOCUMENT
You are an experienced project manager working on an automobile project. Before working on one of the work packages to design clutch plates for the new vehicle, you wanted to review the acceptance criteria for the work package. Which document should you refer to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project management plan
Requirements traceability matrix
Project scope statement
WBS Dictionary
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The WBS Dictionary contains work package information such as owners, scheduled activities, and acceptance criteria.
35 VZORCE
Your project sponsor wants you to calculate the Expected Monitory Value of two different alternatives available to complete the project per the decision tree. Which of the following formulas will you use to calculate the EMV?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Probability * Impact
Positive outcome - Negative outcome
Negative outcome - Positive outcome
Average of the above options
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The formula for calculating the EMV is Positive outcome - Negative outcome.
36 RISK
You are in the process of prioritizing the risks in the project with your team. Which of the following will have the least effect on the prioritization of the risk process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Reviewing risk register
Reviewing stakeholder register
Reviewing assumptions log
Reviewing the risk report
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Reviewing the risk report will have the least impact on the prioritization process as the reports are made after the risks are identified and prioritized and the mitigation plans are prepared.
38 RISK
While managing a large and complex project, you followed all the best practices of project management. However, you still identified a lot of critical risks during the project, and so, it was not able to achieve the objectives. What went wrong?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The risks were not identified properly.
The qualitative risk analysis was not done.
The quantitative risk analysis was not done.
The risk mitigation plans were poorly implemented.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Since you followed all the good practices, you must have done the identification and qualitative and quantitative risk analysis,.The only possible reason for the failure of the project could be that the risk response plan was not properly implemented.
39 COMMUNICATION
You are managing a construction project. In the process of defining the communication management plan, you want to understand the communication needs of all the stakeholders, especially related to the type and format of the communication. Which of the following options is the best way to get this information?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review the stakeholder register
Review the requirement documentation
Conduct communication requirement analysis
Review the stakeholder engagement plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
You should perform a communication requirement analysis with all the stakeholders.This exercise will help you to identify the type and format of the communication needed by the stakeholders.
40 RISK
In order to respond to a risk, the project team has two different option. The first option has four criteria to meet and costs $10,000. the second option has only two criteria to meet but costs $3,000. Which of the following actions is the team least likely to opt for?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Running a Monte Carlo analysis
Performing alternative analysis
Using multicriteria decision analysis
Performing cost benefit analysis
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The Monte Carlo analysis is a technique for identification of the risk.
41 PROCUREMENT
You are managing a pipeline expansion project in Canada and want to outsource some work to local contractor. In a process of preparing bid package for the contractor, which of the following documents is not required?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Procurement statement of work
Request for proposal
Independent cost estimates
Bid documents
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Independent cost estimates are internal documents that the buying organization uses for benchmarking the procurement processes. They are not shared with the vendors or contractors.
43 RESOUCES
One of the projects you are managing requires hazardous chemicals to be transferred from one location to the other location. This task requires very specific skills and experience, and there is a debate among the team members on the quantity and type of resources required for this task. As a project manager, what should you do first?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Take any available resource to complete the work
Select the resources after the voting process based on majority
Research the specific skill set and experience required and search for resources which fulfill the requirements
Use resource management plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The first thing you should do is research the required skill set and experience.
48
A lot of key stakeholders’ responsibilities are disrupted because of the organizational restructuring, and it is becoming difficult for you to keep the stakeholders engaged in the project in a positive manner. What should you not do to manage the engagement?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Use your interpersonal and team skills to manage the engagement
Develop the approaches to engage the stakeholders based on their needs, expectations, interests, and potential impact
Use communication management plan to engage stakeholders
Engage stakeholders at appropriate project stages to obtain, confirm, and maintain their commitment toward the success of the project
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
All the other options are for stakeholder engagement, and since this option is for the identification of the stakeholders, it is not an action to be taken.
49 CHANGE - MONITOR AND CONTROL
During an inspection, you detect a defect which was already identified in one of the previous inspections and a change request was also raised to correct it. You are wondering how the defect resurfaced. After a discussion with the team, you come to know that the team never implemented the change. What could have prevented this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Using an requirement traceability matrix
Updating the defect into issue log and risk register
Holding an approved change request review
Performing root cause analysis
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Approved change request review is a part of the monitor and control process. This includes reviewing all the change requests that are approved by the CCB to see the status of their implementation.
50
You are managing a big multiphase project. The phases are planned in a sequential manner. After the second phase of the project, which process group of the third phase should start?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Planning
Executing
Initiating
Closing
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In a sequential life cycle, when the closing process group ends, it starts the initiation process group of the next phase.
51
While performing the slab casting activity of a construction project for a private client, the client asks if you could also do the false ceiling. You analyze the change against the schedule and conclude that this will have no impact on the schedule.What is the first thing you should do to proceed with the change?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project schedule management
Project quality management
Project tracking
Project change control management
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
All the terms mentioned in the question point out that the project is an agile project. All of these activities are the part of managing the schedule in an agile environment.
56
The project that you are managing is going well, and there is a high-performing team whose contribution you want to recognize. Which of the following options can be used as a guide to the process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Organizational Process Assets
Quality Matrix
Team Performance Assessment
Enterprise Environmental Factors
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The process you are managing is ‘Manage Team’ from resource management. One of the inputs to that process is the Organizational Process Assets.
57 AGILE
Which of the following is the difference between iterative and adaptive development life cycle?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
In iterative life cycle, the iterations are repeated until we get the desired results.
In adaptive life cycle, the iterations are repeated until we get desired results.
In iterative life cycle, the scope of the project is defined in the first iteration.
In adaptive life cycle, the project management plan is defined during project planning.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to PMPBOK- 6, the definition of iterative life cycle is that the iteration runs until it is deemed true.
60 BUDGET
You are managing a large scale construction project. You have 230 resources working on the project in which a lot of material is also used. During the execution, the rate of cement has risen significantly due to economic growth of the country. How would you manage the risk involved?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Use contingency reserve
Use management reserve
Ask the finance department for more funds
Contact your sponsor
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
As the price escalation of the cement is due to economic growth, ideally it is already identified as a risk. So the project manager should use the contingency reserve planned for the particular risk.
62 PROJECT CHARTER
You are in the process of defining the project charter for an industrial infrastructure project and keen to determine how business objectives are related to the project. What should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Refer to the business case to check the business objectives, update it, and submit to the sponsor
Identify how the project is related to the business objectives from the business case
Go through the agreements related to the project
Review business cases of similar past projects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The business case documents the business needs and objectives related to the project.
63 NEXT
When planning for management of project resources, you have used your expert judgment, prepared hierarchy charting of the project organization, and held related meetings while acknowledging organizational theories. These have resulted in the creation of a good quality resource management plan. However, another item has not been created yet. What is it?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project team assignments
Resource requirements
A team charter with operating guidelines for the team, their values, and agreements.
Resource calendars
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team charter and the resource management plan are the two key outcomes of the planning resource management process.
67
When mapping the characteristics of the stakeholders, the project manager is in the process of selecting the representation tool to be used. He is deciding on using either the stakeholder cure or the bubble chart. What is common between these two representation tools?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Bubble chart is used for risk analysis.
Stakeholder cube is used to depict multidimensional characteristics of stakeholders.
Both can deal with more than two dimensions.
Both are stakeholder identification techniques.
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Usually, three dimensions are depicted in these charts. In case of the stakeholder cube, it is about the stakeholders, and in case of bubble chart, it is about the risks.
71
You and the team are working on selecting the project management approach for the project. The team is in a discussion about the various priorities of different project management approaches. As an experienced project manager, what would you suggest is the highest priority of an agile project management approach?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Customer satisfaction through delivery of valuable products
Responding to change and progressive elaboration of plans
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although all the options are from the agile manifesto, this option most closely resembles the highest priority according to the Agile Manifesto, which states, “Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software.”
72 QUALITY AGILE
You are delivering a software product to the customer using an agile methodology. During the sprint review, the customer reverted with a few defects.The team was unable to identify and resolve these defects in any of the quality processes. According to agile, what are these defects called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Undetected defects
Escaped defects
Primary defects
Secondary defects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Escaped defects are those defects that have escaped all software quality processe. These are usually pointed out by the customer during the iteration review meeting.
75 AGILE
During an agile project, you have just completed the development of a potentially shippable product increment. What is the time taken by the team to create this increment called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cycle time
Throughput time
Velocity
Actual time
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Cycle time refers to the time it takes (from beginning to end) to complete the creation of a potentially shippable product increment.
76 AGILE
In predictive life cycle projects, the project manager uses WBS to define the deliverables, work packages, and activities.Which breakdown structure is used in the agile project management for this purpose?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint breakdown structure
Product breakdown structure
Feature breakdown structure
Activity breakdown structure
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
A feature breakdown structure is an agile artifact that displays the backlog of features for each of the releases on an agile project.
78 AGILE
In a traditional waterfall model, the project sponsor provides the project charter to the project manager. In an agile project, a different document is used by the product owner to explain incremental development of product. What is this document used by called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product roadmap
Product development document
Product stream mapping document
Product breakdown structure
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to the definition in agile project management, the product roadmap has details about incremental delivery of the product.
82
You are an experienced project manager who joined a project midway through execution. The stakeholders are not happy with the project as there are many hurdles, and you start reviewing the documents to understand the project better. While reviewing the project charter document, you realize that many stakeholders have signed it. Which of the following options should be the most concerning?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Identification of the stakeholders
Updating the communication management plan
Spending time on communication requirements analysis
Updating the risk register
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
As a large number of stakeholders signed the project charter, the areas concerned with this project are many. As a project manager, your priority should be to understand the competing needs of the stakeholders and analyze communications requirements.
86 QUALITY
When the quality auditor audits the project, he checks various parameters for different purposes. Which of the following is not a purpose of the quality audit?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Determination of whether project activities comply with organizational policies
Creation of quality matrixes
Confirmation of the implementation of approved change requests
Process improvement to improve productivity
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Quality matrixes are the outputs of the Plan Quality Management process, whereas quality audits are performed during quality assurance or management.
87 AGILE
During the project methodology selection discussion, it was decided to go ahead with the agile methodology. Which of the following is NOT considered an agile method?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Adaptive software development
Test driven development
Feature driven development
Lean software development
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Adaptive software development, feature-driven development, and lean software development are all considered agile methods. Test Driven development is considered an Agile tool, not a method.
88 AGILE
You are managing an agile software development project. During the sprint review, the product owner rejects a feature out of the features demonstrated by the development team. What should the project team do with the user story of the rejected feature?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Put the user story to the backlog of next sprint
Delete the user story from backlog and drop the feature
Rewrite the user story to address the reasons for which they were rejected
Put the user story to the product backlog to reprioritize later
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
If a feature is rejected, it is most often due to a gap in the team’s understanding of the expectations of the business or the customer. This misunderstanding can arise due to missed acceptance criteria or a poorly written user story, which served as a basis for the feature. The first step is to correct or rewrite the user story. Then, it can be placed into the backlog and reprioritized.
89 RESOURCES
You are planning how to manage the resources for your project. You used organizational charts, expert judgement, held meetings and a good quality resource management plan. However, you are still working on another item from the same process. What is that item you are working on?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Resource calendar
Resource breakdown structure
Team charter
Resource requirement
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team charter and the resource management plan are the two key outcomes of planning resource management.
95
A very experienced team leader and subject matter expert of the project wants to engage with the team to solve a problem. How can the team leader best engage the team in solving the problem?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Engage the team in documenting the pros and cons of different solutions
Engage the team to agree with his solution
Engage the team in all project decisions
Encourage the team to experiment with different potential solutions
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
To engage the team in solving problems, the team leader should create an open and safe environment, where the team members can experiment with different options without any fear of being punished for mistakes they may make in the process.
96 SCHEDULE
A project manager is creating a project schedule network diagram only for the procurement section of the project they are managing. What is this an example of?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Arrow diagramming method
Fragment network
Precedence diagramming method
Activity on node
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
It is not clear which activity sequencing technique is the project manager using. However, since they are developing a schedule network diagram only for a part of the project and not the entire project, it is an example of fragment network.
98 AGILE
During an agile project, the stakeholders want to understand what progress the agile team has made in the last sprint. Which of the following document will be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project Spike Data
Team’s velocity chart
Product backlog
Cycle time
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
A velocity chart shows the amount of value delivered in each iteration which allows the stakeholders to understand what progress the team has made during the iteration.
A spike is a user story for which the team cannot estimate the effort needed.
100 AGILE
A new agile team is aiming to improve its process for the next project. As an experienced project manager, what approach will you suggest them?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Focus on work not done and reflection
Consult with the project sponsor and SME
Adopt the process used by the most successful team in the organization
Tailor their own process for the next project
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Simplicity and reflection are core agile project management practices. Simplicity, the art of maximizing the amount of work not done, is one of the Agile Manifesto principles. Reflection is in the centre of iteration retrospectives aimed to improve the team’s process and performance. Focusing on reflection and simplicity will most likely help the team improve its process.
102 AGILE
In an agile project, if the team members are not 100% available for the project, what are they called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Partially assigned
Minimally assigned
Fractionally assigned
Functionally assigned
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
If an Agile project team member is not 100% fully dedicated to one project, the team member is said to be fractionally assigned. Fractional assignment is particularly common in organizations where an individual is assigned to one or more projects simultaneously.
103 SCOPE
Which of the following is NOT true regarding scope process definition?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
It is reviewed and accepted by all key stakeholders.
It allows the customer to verify what was built against the requirements.
It provides a common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders.
It needs to be approved by project sponsor and customer as part of WBS process.
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Define Scope provides a Project Scope Statement which elaborates customer requirements. It is used as an input to customer to verify what was built against the requirements, but it is done in Validate Scope process.
104While comparing the WBS process of decomposing requirement in an agile project, what is the artifact that contains release plans as the first level of decomposition?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product roadmap
Product backlog
Sprint backlog
Release backlog
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Product roadmap is an agile artifact which has a visual summary of the entire product development. During the release planning, the same document is used as the first level of decomposition and progressively elaborated.
105A RESOURSE
Resource Breakdown Structure or RBS in a predictive life cycle is an example of which of the following options?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Text-oriented format
Functional chart
Organizational chart
Common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Resource Breakdown Structure is an example of Hierarchical-type Organizational Chart.
106 AGILE
In a daily stand-up of an agile software development project, the development team raised an impediment that one of the developers was pulled back by his line manager, and as a result, the team is not able to complete the work committed for the current sprint. What should have been done differently to avoid this impediment?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The team should have added buffers to each user story to account for the unknown risks.
The team should have worked faster during the sprint before the developer was withdrawn.
The team should have considered human resources availability while planning the sprint.
The line manager should not have allowed the developer to work on the agile project in the first place.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
To avoid the impediment, the line manager should not have allowed the developer to work on the agile project in the first place.
109 AGILE
Agile teams working on a project often use a collection of values, principles, and practices to help them in agile software development project. What is this collection known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Agile modeling
Agile prototyping
Agile analysis
Agile manifesto
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Agile Modeling is a tool often used by Agile project teams to create models for Agile software development. It is a collection of values, principles, and practices.
111 AGILE
You are managing an agile software development project and want to take feedback from agile project team on sprint planning. Which of the following is NOT considered a method of receiving feedback from the agile team?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Team evaluation
Individual evaluation
Prototyping
Process tailoring
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Team evaluation, individual evaluation, and process tailoring are the methods of soliciting feedback from your Agile project team members. Prototyping is a form of product feedback, not a form of project team feedback.
113While getting the project deliverables validated by a customer, which of the following is true about validating scope?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Controlling changes to the scope of the project
Validating that the project quality requirements have been met
Obtaining the stakeholder’s formal acceptance of the project deliverables
Validating all the deliverables at the end of the project
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Validating scope is the process of obtaining the stakeholders’ formal acceptance of project deliverables. Quality requirements are validated in the control quality process. Scope changes are controlled in the control scope process, and validation of all the project objectives is done in closing the project or phase process.
115
A project that you are managing is in execution. During the cost benefit analysis,you realise that an additional round of testing will cost the project $12,000 worth of resource time. You expect very few errors to be found in this additional testing, and even if a few errors comes up, you should be able to manage those within $2,000. How should you proceed ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Conduct the tests as planned
Consider it a risk
Continue testing as long as you find even a single defect
Pause as the cost benefit analysis does not favour the additional round of testing
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The cost of quality is $12000 which is much higher than the cost of nonconformance to the quality. Hence, you should not proceed as the benefits in return may outweigh the cost of quality.
117
When planning for quality, you are reviewing the business data, such as the supplier’s contributions to the organizational performance, and some of these are in the form of visual charts. You are focusing on any mention of quality-related statements or visuals. What is this called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Multicriteria decision analysis
Expert judgment
Matrix diagram
Logical data model
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
A logical data model is a visual of an organization’s data which can help solve quality issues.
118 AGILE
During an agile project, the stakeholders are not very happy with the performance of a vendor, and they want to terminate the contract as they see no value addition. What type of agile contract allows the organization to do this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Agile time and materials contract
Agile iteration contract
Agile master service agreement
Agile phased development contract
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
An agile time and materials contract allows the customer to terminate the contract at any time if no added value is seen.
119 AGILE
The project manager scheduled a meeting to prioritize the sprint backlog and determine which user stories will be committed in the iteration. In the discussion, breakdown of stories, estimation, and their achievability based on team capacity are reviewed. On which day of the iteration is this meeting held?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Throughout the iteration or whenever required
Only at the start of the first iteration of each release
Usually at the start of the iteration
Just before the end of the previous iteration
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
This is called the iteration planning meeting which is held at the start of each sprint.
121 AGILE
During an agile project, what type of planning describes the technique of applying incremental delivery cycles to perform the work on an agile project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Incremental planning
Rolling wave planning
Adaptive planning
Progressive planning
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Adaptive planning is a technique that employs iterative development cycles to produce an incremental product.
122 COMMUNICATION
During a predictive project, you overhear two senior stakeholders of the project. Their messages are clear, and the information is useful for the project. However, influencing results in a lot of disagreements, and there is no productive outcome . What is missing here?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Competence in relationship development
Ability to seek feedback
Nonverbal ability
Informal verbal communication
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Effective relationship is a key competence in communication, which has other aspects like clarity, leadership and information sharing. There is no indication of nonverbal or feedback issues here.
123 AGILE
In an agile project, you are trying to understand the number of story points completed by the team. What is the term used to indicate the number of story points that an agile team completes in an iteration?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cadence
Relativity
Velocity
Affinity
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Velocity refers to the number of story points an Agile team completes in an iteration. Cadence is also a term used in Agile to describe the ‘rhythm’ of average work performed by the team in a sprint, but it is not specifically measured in story points.
124 MONITOR COMMUNICATION (110)
While performing Monitor Communications process in a project, you are now in a position to check the required information that was presented to relevant stakeholders in a timely and agreed manner. Which of the following is NOT an outcome of this exercise?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Work performance information
Project performance report
Change requests
Project plan updates
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The question states that you are performing Monitor Communications process from which you will get all the mentioned outputs except project performance reports.
127 ORGANIZATION
You are managing a project where the resources mostly report to their managers. As a project manager, your authority over the selection of members of the team is low to moderate. Which type of organizational structure does the organization follow?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Functional
Weak matrix
Balanced matrix
Strong matrix
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Authority of the project manager and dual reporting of team members are the indicators that the organization structure is balanced matrix.
128
An experienced agile team has done projects together in past. In the last project, the biggest criticism received was about wrong estimates. While preparing for the current project, what should an experienced project manager suggest them to do differently?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Fine tune but do not put too much effort to gain the maximum benefit from estimating
Lock down the budget, schedule, and scope to improve the accuracy
Deliberate extensively to completely eliminate uncertainty from the estimate
Give primary responsibility for owning the estimate to one team member
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
With estimating, there is a point of diminishing returns, where additional effort put into estimation yields a minimal improvement in accuracy. Therefore, the team can fine tune but should not put in too much time or effort in estimating.
131
You are a part of a very experienced agile team which is working together for long and has delivered many projects successfully. The team decides to improve their best practices for the upcoming project. What is the best approach to accomplish this objective?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Apply the same practices that have been used by the team in their previous projects
Consult with the scrum master, the product owner, and the project stakeholders
Design a new set of best practices that is tailored to the upcoming project
Select the best practices used by the most successful agile team in the organization
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The process can and should always be analysed for any improvements, for example, during retrospective meetings. However, if a set of practices used by a team has proven to be effective, using the same practices in the next project would be the best option.
133 QUALITY
During quality testing of the product, the quality team found a defect. The team wants to understand the root cause of the defect and decides to draw a fishbone diagram. They write the problem at the fish’s head and label the bones with categories. What is the next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Decide what to do about the categories
Label the fish’s tail with a category for the solution
Look for items appearing in more than one category
Brainstorm factors within each category
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
After the problem is written at the fish’s head and the bones of the fish are labelled with categories, the next step is to brainstorm factors within each category.
134 AGILE
During a sprint review, the agile team reported that they were not able to complete all the user stories committed for the sprint because they worked overtime and eventually got burned out. What is wrong with the team’s approach?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The team approach is wrong.The team should fulfil their commitment and be held accountable for their actions.
Nothing is wrong. To maintain good working relationships with the team, the product owner should not hold the team accountable.
Nothing is wrong. Maintaining a constant pace indefinitely is more important than missing a sprint goal.
The team approach is wrong. Maintaining a constant pace indefinitely has a different meaning, which is not applicable in this scenario.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The Agile Manifesto should not be used as an excuse for not completing the committed sprint goal. The team should be held accountable for their work.
140 AGILE
During the planning of a workshop of an agile project, the product owner prioritized features by business value and shared it with development team. What should be the team’s next logical step ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Start planning and estimating
Start development work
Decompose the features into stories
Set up a customer review meeting to capture more details
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Decomposing the features into stories is the best choice. The next step for the team is to continue analysis by decomposing features into stories. Such decomposition is a part of adaptive planning.
141
During the execution phase of a project, the project manager noticed that the team members do not collaborate with each other or take responsibility of their actions. What could be the most likely reason for this behaviour?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Lack of leadership
Avoidance of accountability
Fear of conflict
Absence of job security
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Fear of conflict is one of the main reasons for team members to avoid taking responsibility, be afraid to ask questions, and not collaborate with each other.
142
The project manager is having a hard time understanding their sponsor’s point of view on a particular user story. What attributes can they rely on to get better understand the sponsor’s point of view? [Select all that apply]
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)
Active listening
Empathy
Using a whiteboard to map out what your sponsor is thinking
Apply nominal group technique and flow-charts to find clarity
Correct Option:A, B
EXPLANATION
Active listening, which refers to effective collection of information with emotional intelligence, and empathy, which allows one to understand others emotions and even feel them, will help the PM better understand the sponsor’s point of view.
143
During a predictive life cycle project, you estimated the duration of a few activities before you onboarded a few resources. In the middle of the execution, you realized that the competency level of resources is much lower than what you assumed, resulting in a delay on critical path activities. What you should do next ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Crash the project to meet the delay
Ask the team members to work overtime
Raise a change request for schedule and duration
Inform the customer about the delay
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
All the options are potential answers but the first thing you should do as a project manager is perform impact analysis and raise a change request.
144 AGILE
As a project manager of an agile project, which of the following statements best describes your concerns related to schedule control ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Determining the rate at which deliverables are produced
Comparing planned and actual schedule of activities
Using schedule reserves
Reviewing progress with suppliers
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Agile uses a term ‘velocity’ for determining the rate at which the deliverables are produced.
145 AGILE
You are facilitating a planning poker to estimate the duration of user stories in a sprint. After all the members read a user story, you ask them to choose a card with estimate and reveal the card. If the estimates differ widely, you immediately ask the team members to do a re-estimation until all the estimates converge. What did you do wrong?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cards were revealed when the process should have been anonymous.
Participants re-estimated immediately after everyone revealed their cards.
Participants used ideal days as the unit for the estimates.
You did nothing wrong and played by the rules.
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
By immediately re-estimating, the team misses out on the benefit of discussing the estimates and the reason behind their decisions.
146 SCHEDULE
When managing the schedule of the project, you are using finalized project schedule which includes duration, dependencies and other planning information. Which of the following elements of project schedule are you referring to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Schedule estimates
Schedule data
Schedule compression
Schedule model
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Schedule model is a representation of the plan for executing the projects’ activities which include duration, dependencies, and other planning information used to produce a project schedule along with other scheduling artefacts.
147 AGILE
During the management of an agile project, you need to use a lot of artifacts. Which of the following is NOT an artifact in the agile project management for managing sprints?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint backlog
Sprint plan
Sprint vision statement
Sprint burnup chart
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although a vision statement is an agile project artifact, it is for the product and not for the sprint.
151 AGILE
While managing an agile software development project, the team integrates new and updated software code frequently. What is this method called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Constant integration
Continuous integration
Consistent integration
Code integration update
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Continuous Integration is an Extreme Programming technique, dictating all updates to the application’s source code base to be integrated and tested at least once per day.
155 AGILE
You are mentoring your team on agile project management and making them familiar with the terms. During this exercise, you explained agile values from the agile manifesto to the team. Which of the following is NOT a value?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Customer communication over contract negotiation
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Responding to change over following a plan
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The value is Customer “Collaboration” over contract negotiation and not Customer “Communication.”
158 AGILE
What is the name of the risk management activity that occurs in an agile project management environment by implementing Agile best practices such as iterative planning and review activities?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Inherent risk management
Overt risk management
Organic risk management
Agile risk management
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In Agile projects, organic risk management occurs by following Agile best practices such as iterative planning and review activities.
162 AGILE
During an agile sprint, a team will attend numerous meetings for a variety of reasons. Some are process-oriented, while others are not. Which of the following sprint meetings is process-oriented?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint planning
Sprint review
Sprint retrospective
Sprint demo
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The Sprint retrospective is a process-oriented Agile project team meeting held at the end of each iteration. Its purpose is to explicitly reflect on the most significant events that occurred during the current iteration to make decisions on process improvement during the next iteration.
164 ORGANIZATION
Which organizational structure makes team building difficult for a group of people working together to deliver a product/service/result?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cross functional
Projectized
Balance matrix
Weak matrix
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Weak matrix makes team building difficult for a group of people working together to deliver a product/service/result.
165
A customer wants you to perform a quantitative risk analysis of the identified risks. Which of the following is NOT useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Expected monetary value
Decision tree
Influence diagram
Sensitivity analysis
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Influence diagrams are used in risk identification and not in quantitative risk analysis.
166 AGILE
You want to ensure an agile team’s project work is directed toward a common product goal. Which of the following is useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product review meeting
Backlog prioritization meeting
Daily stand-up meeting
Risk analysis meeting
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The purpose of doing daily stand-up is to ensure the team members are working towards achieving a common goal.
167 AGILE
Which pull-based methods focus on maximizing the throughput of a team by limiting work in progress?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Lean
Scrum
Crystal
Kanban
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Kanban is a pull-based planning and execution method. Instead of planning work items upfront and pushing them into a team’s work queue, the team signals when they are ready for more work and pulls it into their queue.
170
The payback period for Project A is 9 months and for Project B is 7 months. The capital required for Project A is $55,000 and for Project B it is $95,000. Which is a better project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project A
Project B
Whichever project requires higher capital
Whichever project requires least capital
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The rule with payback period is “Lesser the payback period, better the project” regardless to capital required.
172 AGILE
During sprint execution, who is responsible for managing and tracking the total remaining work in the sprint backlog to achieve the sprint objectives?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project manager
Product owner
Project team
Quality team
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Teams in agile are self-organizing teams and take most of the decisions. They are also responsible for tracking the remaining work in the sprint backlog, where the project manager makes sure there are no impediments and blockers for the team.
177
This is the first time you’ve decided to send project material by road, and you want to estimate the transit time from one project location to another. If you don’t have any historical data to refer to, which is the best technique to estimate the duration of this task?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Bottom-up analysis
Analogous estimation
Parametric estimation
PERT analysis
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
As we do not have any historical data, we cannot go analogous estimation. Parametric estimation is not possible without a dataset, and bottom up estimation is used for estimating work packages and rolling the estimates to level above. Thus, the best choice is to go ahead with PERT analysis.
178During qualitative risk analysis, one of the risks has an 80% probability, and the impact is $10,000. What does $8,000 represent here?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Risk value
Percent value
Contingency value
Expected monetary value
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Expected monetary value is calculated as probability multiplied by the impact amount.
