Test 6 Flashcards
1 NEXT
You are an experienced project manager. You are in the middle of a hybrid project, the duration of which is 2 years. A lot of deliverables are delivered to the customer in the last 7 months. Your team has come up with a new deliverable that they can deliver on time. Once it comes to you what should you do before reaching out to the customer for validation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
You should call the customer yourself and get the validation done
You should send the deliverable to the quality team
The team should take the deliverable to customer for validation
You should check with the sponsor on what to do next
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
According to the project management framework, once the deliverable comes out of execution process, the next step is the internal verification by the quality team. Once the quality team verifies the deliverable, the project manager should take it to the customer for validation.
2 NEXT
You are managing a waterfall project. In the middle of the project the customer asks you to revise the scope defined at the beginning of the project. As an experienced project manager what should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Deny the request as the scope of work was frozen during planning
Accept the request and update the project charter
Generate a change request and follow the change control process
Consult with your sponsor on the customer request
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The customer wants to change the scope defined at the beginning of the project. That scope was a part of the project charter, which is the responsibility of the sponsor. Hence, the project manager needs to talk to the sponsor.
3 QUALITY
During the quality testing of the new software integration project, the results show performance variance from the quality management plan. Thus, the project manager asked the quality team to investigate the root cause of the variance and resolve it to get back on track. What type of action did the project manager request?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Corrective Action
Preventive Action
Defect Repair
Project Tracking
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Finding the root cause and taking action to bring the project back on track come under Corrective Action.
4During test planning, two team members disagree about adding a test case to the UAT. The team is not able to take a decision. As a project manager, what should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Add the test case
Reject the test case
Postpone the discussion for a later stage
Ask the team members to logically explain their opinions
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The project manager cannot decide whether to add or reject a test case without understanding the need. So, they should ask both the team members to come up with a logical conclusion.
5 NEXT CLOSING
Your company decided to terminate your 24 months’ project in the 7th month of execution because of insufficient budget. What you should do as a project manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
You must meet the top management and convince them to reconsider their decision.
If the management decide to terminate the project, the project manager cannot do anything.
You must submit a report mentioning that you completed the project successfully as you have been delivering the deliverables on time for seven months.
You should transfer the finished and unfinished deliverables to the relevant stakeholders.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
If the project is terminated as a result of insufficient budget, it is most likely a project exit criteria. The project manager should look at the project closing process, which includes handing over the deliverables to the relevant stakeholders.
6 AGILE
You joined in as the project manager of an ongoing hybrid project after 6 months of project start date. You heard the team members saying that despite a robust change control system, there are too many changes in the project and the requirements keeps changing. What should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Halt all the changes until you know the reason for the previously done changes
Consider changing the development approach
Update the change management plan
Tell the team that changes are normal in hybrid projects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
If the requirements are changing too rapidly, the project manager should consider changing the development approach from hybrid to agile.
7In the middle of a 50-million dollar construction project, a change request is submitted for approval. As per the change management plan the change request could be approved by unanimity voting by 8 board members. In which case will you go ahead with the change?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
7 out of 8 approve the change
All 8 approve the change
5 out of 8 approve the change
All 8 reject the change
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Unanimity voting is when all the voting members approve the change.
8During the sprint review of an agile project, the project manager is taking votes around a specific decision. During voting, one of the team members shows a closed fist to the project manager. What does that mean?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The team member does not want to participate in the voting.
The team member is OK with the decision.
The team member disagrees with the decision.
The project manager has his 100% support.
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Fist of five is an agile technique in which five fingers means full support and fist means disagreement.
9 NEXT AGILE
You are the project manager of an ongoing agile software development project and you completed your second release. What should you do to prepare for the next release?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Manage changes to the scope baseline of the previous release
Review the backlog items
Confirm the validity of the project scope statement
Review the resource utilization
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
In agile projects, the project manager and product owner need to reprioritize the backlog items based on the work done during a sprint and the release, so after finishing the release, the project manager and product owner should review the backlog.
10
During the project management plan review meeting, one of the senior directors raised a concern that one major deliverable was missing in the scope of work. What should you do as a project manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Initiate change management process
Tell the director the change can not be added as the scope is already defined
Review the requirement documentation and requirement traceability matrix (RTM)
Change the plan to include missing deliverable
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
As a project manager, you should look into the requirement documentation to see if the requirement was captured.
11You are an experienced project manager. You are starting a new project and discussing the project charter with the team. One of the team members says, “We all are experienced professionals and we have done many similar projects in the past, shouldn’t we spend this time to plan and start the project early?” The rest of the project team members seems to agree with him. How should you respond to this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
If everyone agrees, we can move ahead without the project charter.
We can use the team charter of the previous similar project to save time.
We need to define the project charter as this is one of the requirements of the PMO.
We need the project charter as it helps us in understanding the objectives of the project, remove conflicts, and improve efficiency.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The project charter defines the objectives of the project and helps the team eliminate any confusion or conflict.
12The project manager is working on a new project and meets the customer for the first time. At the end of the meeting the customer asked the project manager for a high-level schedule estimate. The project manager checked her last 4 similar project schedules and gave a high-level estimate to the customer. Which technique did the project use for estimation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Bottom Up Estimation
Parametric Estimation
Analogous Estimation
PERT Estimation
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Historical data analysis comes under Analogous Estimation.
13 NEXT CLOSING
You were managing a project to set up a car assembly line. The assembly line is almost ready and you have closed all the procurements, submitted the final report, and also took feedback from all the relevant stakeholders. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Hand over the assembly line to the operations team
Prepare a report to show how the project achieved all the business objectives
Give final payment to all the vendors and contractors
Send out formal notice to close the project
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Once the project finishes, the project manager and the project team need to hand over the project to relevant stakeholders
14 NEXT PLANNING
You are about to start the planning of a large and complex project in a very regulated environment. Due to the size and regulatory considerations, the planning becomes really critical. What is the first thing you should do to start the planning process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Start stakeholder identification so that you can engage the required stakeholders in the planning process
Get the statement of work from the customer and share it with all the stakeholders so that everybody knows what the priorities are
Review the project charter to understand high-level requirements of the project
Conduct a project kick-off meeting with the stakeholders to inform and engage them and to take their commitment
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Project charter gives all the high-level information, and the information becomes the base for detailed planning.
15 VZORCE
You are working on a cement plan maintenance project. The total estimated budget for project is $100000. At 40% completion of the actual work, the actual cost spent is $60000. At the same pace, how much more money will it take to complete the project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
$123,512
$97,889
$122,678
$89,254
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The question says “how much more” money you would need to complete the project. So the question requires us to calculate the ETC. First we will calculate EV by using the formula %completeBAC(40%100000), which would be $40000, then we will derive the CPI by the formula EV/AC (40000/60000), which would be 0.67. We need to use the CPI to calculate EAC by the formula BAC/CPI (100000/0.67), which would be 149254, and finally we need to calculate ETC by the formula EAC-AC (149254-60000) = 89254.
16 MONITORING AND CONTROL
Your are managing a large construction project. Currently, you and your team are following the monitor and control project work process. Which of the following activities you and team might carry out during this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Accepting or rejecting the change requests
Performing quality control activities on the deliverables
Getting formal acceptance on the deliverables from the customer (customer validation)
Comparing the actual progress against the baseline and the project management plan to keep the project under control
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The question asks about the process of monitor and control project work and not about monitoring and controlling process groups. The process group includes all the options, but the process of monitor and control project work includes comparing the actual progress against the project management plan and making sure the project runs on track.
17You are in the middle of a large construction project. There are a lot of unexpected issues and they are threatening the project budget and schedule. What is the best course of action for the project manager to address the issues?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Use the contingency reserves to get the project back on track
Check with the finance department if you could get some more money to cover up the cost variance
Use management reserve
Check how you controlled the cost and the schedule in the last similar project
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Because most of the issues are unexpected, the project manager should utilize the management reserve.
18 QUALITY ASSURANCE
You are managing a defect rate reduction project for a manufacturing process. To analyze and improve the process, you and the team are now involved in the quality assurance process. Which of the following could help in improving the process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Add a zero inventory process to the project
Consult with the quality control department
Make a process improvement plan with a Kanban expert
Consult with a Six Sigma Black Belt consultant
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Six sigma is a lean project management concept, which is centralized around process improvement. The six sigma consultant can help in reducing the error rate.
19Your project sponsor calls you in the middle of the project and asks for a document that explains the description, owner, and status of all the requirements. Which document will you present to the sponsor?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Requirement Traceability Matrix
Requirement Management Plan
Requirement Documentation
Stakeholder Expectation Document
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Requirement Traceability Matrix (RTM) is a document that contains the description, owner, and status of all the requiremen
20During the project review meeting with the team, you identified a significant variance. It is because of an issue in configuration. If the issue is not fixed before the next client inspection, your project might be canceled, However, after further review with the team, you came to know that bringing the project back on track is only a minor correction to the configuration element. What should you do first?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Contact your sponsor
Talk to the customer and inform them about the findings
Raise a change request
Change the configuration element to bring the project back on track
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Because the change is in configuration, the first thing the project manager should do is to raise a change request.
21
You are an experienced project manager working on a large software development project. Using a hybrid approach in this project, you are trying to break the work package into activities for scheduling purposes. During the decomposition of the testing work package, you need more information about the project which will come only once the development work is at least 60% complete. Since the development work will take about four months to complete, how you would proceed with the decomposition?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review the project scope statement to check if there is a possibility to reduce some work from development work package
Review the project management plan to determine how to proceed with the decomposition
Contact the solution architects to see if they could help in decomposition
Breakdown the development work package for now and decompose the testing work package later after getting the required information
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
One of the decomposition techniques is Rolling Wave Planning. The project manager decompose the work packages as they move into execution and more information is available. The best option here is to decompose the development work package for now and wait for the required information to decompose the testing work package later.
22 DEFINITION
You and the team are trying to estimate the time periods required by each activity. In this process, you are using a document which contains information on categories of labour, material, and equipment resources. To complete the project work, you also want to know the skill set, grade of supplies, and required certifications. Which of the following documents would you primarily refer for this purpose?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Resource management plan
Work breakdown structure
Resource breakdown structure
Project management plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team is in the estimate activity duration process. One of the inputs to that process is the resource breakdown structure, which has information related to labour, material, and equipment resources.
23 RESOURCE MAN. PLAN
You are using a rented facility from where the team of developers and testers are working. The weekly renewal of the facility is bound to happen on Monday, next week. The development work is delayed and will take another week. You had a discussion with the landlord to renew the contract for one more week but the landlord informs you that the facility is already booked. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Update this risk in your risk register
Update this issue in the issue log
Update the resource management plan
Update procurement documentation
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Since the issue has already occurred, there is no need to change the facility. The facility is a part of physical resources, the resource management plan needs to be updated with this change.
24 RISK
The project management plan explains that the predictive life cycle has been selected to produce the project deliverables. During which of the following areas will the overall project risk be the lowest?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Initiation
Planning
Monitor and control
Closing
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The overall project risk is highest at the beginning of the project and is lowest during the closing.
25You are developing the budget for a large scale multinational project which will take 10 years to complete, but before this, you always worked on projects which were less than two years in duration. As a part of the current process, what should you do differently compared to the previous project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Create stakeholder register
Review additional issue logs
Focus on creating a robust risk management system
Consider additional enterprise environmental factors
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
As this is a big project, there will be a lot of internal and external enterprise environmental factors that can influence the project. As a project manager, you need to have a very keen eye on those factors while planning the project.
26The team has been arguing over an issue in a Product Backlog Item (PBI): an unapproved change was made, and no one raised it. Now, the change will impact the schedule. They are unable to agree whether the change was due to the change, the lack of communication, or something else. What do you advise?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The unapproved change caused the issue, and lack of communication made it worse.
The lack of communication caused the issue, and the unapproved change made it worse.
The process did not capture such unapproved changes.
The PM should have been more involved and caught the unapproved change.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
This is an agile project, so many decisions are managed by the self-organizing team. People are human, so they make mistakes. Processes must accommodate the fact that these occur, and once exposed, they need to be introduced into formal change control. The root cause was the unapproved change. Lack of communication was a dormant issue but was not a causal factor in this situation.
27
A few deliverables in your project demand procurement of goods and services from outside the organization. You have instructed your team to document all individual project risks related to the procurement activities. How should the team proceed with this activity?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review and update the risk management plan
Update the risk register
Review procurement documentation
Interview the vendors and contractors to identify the risks
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although the team is performing the identification of the risk process from the risk management knowledge area, the risks are related to procurement. The procurement documents such as bid documents and statement of work can be useful in the identification of the risks. Procurement documentation is also an input to the risk identification process.
28 WHICH DOCUMENT
The project you are currently managing has five phases. At the phase gate meeting, the management wants to determine if the phase has met the success criteria so they can proceed to the next phase. Along with the project management plan, what is the other document that should be referred?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Business case and Project charter
Issue log
Risk register
Lessons learned register
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
To explain the success criteria, the project manager should refer to the business case and the project charter, along with the project management plan, as these documents contain the business objectives and other high level information about the project.
29 CHANGE MAN.
As per the organization policy, the Change Control Board (CCB) should review all the changes. They should also follow all the activities which are defined in the PMBOK for the change control. Since the project manager and the team are not the part of the CCB, which of the following activities may the CCB perform?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Submit change request
Implement approved changes
Update project management plan
Terminate project
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
As the CCB is required to follow the change control activities, and the project manager is not part of the CCB, it is responsible for submitting the change request.
30 WHICH DOCUMENT
You are an experienced project manager working on an automobile project. Before working on one of the work packages to design clutch plates for the new vehicle, you wanted to review the acceptance criteria for the work package. Which document should you refer to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project management plan
Requirements traceability matrix
Project scope statement
WBS Dictionary
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The WBS Dictionary contains work package information such as owners, scheduled activities, and acceptance criteria.
31The team is working on a software development project and needs information from the stakeholders. If the team is using prototypes, questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, and so on to get the information, which technique are they using?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Data representation
Data analysis
Data gathering
Group decision making
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
All the tools that the team is using come under the data gathering technique.
32Consider that you are attending the project selection meeting, and the management has 2 different projects: Project Alpha with an NPV of $85,000 and Project Bravo with an NPV of $55,000. If the management decides to go ahead with Project Alpha, what is the opportunity cost?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
$85,000
$55,000
$30,000
$30,750
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The opportunity cost is $55,000, which is the net present value of the second project.
33 THEORY
According to Tuckman’s ladder, in which area would a team experience maximum coordination and synergy?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Performing
Norming
Forming
Adjourning
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to Dr. Bruce Tuckman’s ladder of team dynamics, a team has maximum coordination and synergy during the performing phase.
34The vendor and the project manager have a big dispute in the middle of a four-year construction project. The project manager claims that the vendor did not provide the deliverables per the contract, and the vendor complains that he did not receive the payments on time. How should the project manager resolve this conflict?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
File a contact claim and work with the vendor to resolve the issue
Terminate the contract and look for new vendor
Update the issue log and inform the senior management
Show the vendor the performance of the other vendors and renegotiate the contract terms
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The project manager should file the claim and work directly with the vendor to resolve the issue.
35 VZORCE
Your project sponsor wants you to calculate the Expected Monitory Value of two different alternatives available to complete the project per the decision tree. Which of the following formulas will you use to calculate the EMV?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Probability * Impact
Positive outcome - Negative outcome
Negative outcome - Positive outcome
Average of the above options
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The formula for calculating the EMV is Positive outcome - Negative outcome.
36 RISK
You are in the process of prioritizing the risks in the project with your team. Which of the following will have the least effect on the prioritization of the risk process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Reviewing risk register
Reviewing stakeholder register
Reviewing assumptions log
Reviewing the risk report
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Reviewing the risk report will have the least impact on the prioritization process as the reports are made after the risks are identified and prioritized and the mitigation plans are prepared.
37You are leading a planning session for scope, and two team members are holdouts in achieving consensus in the scope statement. One believes requirements have not been identified enough, and the other believes requirements have not been connected with the objective in enough detail. What is your next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Manage the conflict through smoothing: take the role of servant leader and find a way that all three opinions can easily come together
Negotiate to a fair outcome
Use your authority to drive consensus
Walk out of the room, breathe to relax, and come back in to see the conflict in a different way
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
As a servant leader, you’ll be creating the environment that best solves the problem. In this conflict, it is finding a way to help the fractured team return to one mind. Once that is resolved, the team can focus on the best outcome. Negotiating to a fair outcome and giving yourself a ‘time-out’ are not bad ideas; however, the best solution in this situation is servant leadership. Using your authority to drive consensus limits options to your opinions and leaves others feeling unengaged. (p. 17, PMBOK 7ed, p. 33 Agile Practice Guide)
38 RISK
While managing a large and complex project, you followed all the best practices of project management. However, you still identified a lot of critical risks during the project, and so, it was not able to achieve the objectives. What went wrong?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The risks were not identified properly.
The qualitative risk analysis was not done.
The quantitative risk analysis was not done.
The risk mitigation plans were poorly implemented.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Since you followed all the good practices, you must have done the identification and qualitative and quantitative risk analysis,.The only possible reason for the failure of the project could be that the risk response plan was not properly implemented.
39 COMMUNICATION
You are managing a construction project. In the process of defining the communication management plan, you want to understand the communication needs of all the stakeholders, especially related to the type and format of the communication. Which of the following options is the best way to get this information?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review the stakeholder register
Review the requirement documentation
Conduct communication requirement analysis
Review the stakeholder engagement plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
You should perform a communication requirement analysis with all the stakeholders.This exercise will help you to identify the type and format of the communication needed by the stakeholders.
40 RISK
In order to respond to a risk, the project team has two different option. The first option has four criteria to meet and costs $10,000. the second option has only two criteria to meet but costs $3,000. Which of the following actions is the team least likely to opt for?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Running a Monte Carlo analysis
Performing alternative analysis
Using multicriteria decision analysis
Performing cost benefit analysis
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The Monte Carlo analysis is a technique for identification of the risk.
41 PROCUREMENT
You are managing a pipeline expansion project in Canada and want to outsource some work to local contractor. In a process of preparing bid package for the contractor, which of the following documents is not required?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Procurement statement of work
Request for proposal
Independent cost estimates
Bid documents
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Independent cost estimates are internal documents that the buying organization uses for benchmarking the procurement processes. They are not shared with the vendors or contractors.
42You are managing a software development project. In the process of onboarding the resources, you want to check the availability of the resources. Which document can you refer to check the availability of resources?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Resource breakdown structure
Resource calendar
Resource requirement documentation
Project management plan
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The availability and nonavailability can be checked by reviewing the resource calendar.
43 RESOUCES
One of the projects you are managing requires hazardous chemicals to be transferred from one location to the other location. This task requires very specific skills and experience, and there is a debate among the team members on the quantity and type of resources required for this task. As a project manager, what should you do first?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Take any available resource to complete the work
Select the resources after the voting process based on majority
Research the specific skill set and experience required and search for resources which fulfill the requirements
Use resource management plan
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The first thing you should do is research the required skill set and experience.
44During the bidder conference, one of the vendors points out that a document is missing from the bid documents.On checking, you realize that the document is actually missing. Upon receiving the bids from all the vendors, you realise that a lot of vendors missed that document and provided no response. How should you deal with this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Reschedule the bidder conference to explain the vendors about the importance of the missed document
Go ahead with the vendor selection process and ask the selected vendors to submit the document at a later stage
Resend the bid documents to all the vendors and allow them to resubmit the proposal with the missing document
Look into the bid documents to see how important the missing document is and move ahead if it is not very important
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The best option would be to resend the updated bid documents to the vendors and allow them to resubmit the proposal.
45 AGILE
Your organization is moving from a traditional project management approach to an adaptive one, and you are given the responsibility to lead that transition, During the project, you realize that you need to update a lot of templates to be used in adaptive projects, and one such template is for the schedule management plan. Which of the following things are you most likely to update in the template?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The schedule model, iteration and release lengths, and reporting formats
Schedule maintenance and level of accuracy
Units of measurements and Ops charts
Summary milestones and key deliverables
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
As the questions reflect that the organization is moving from predictive to agile project management, the schedule management plan needs to be updated with the iteration and release planning.
46 COMMUNICATION
A few stakeholders are complaining about a team member who is not performing well in the project. As a project manager, how should you handle this situation with the team member?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Meet the functional manager and ask for replacement
Use formal written communication with the team member
Use formal verbal communication with the team member
Discuss the issue with the team member
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The best choice should be to go and talk to the team member about the issue.
47While performing the slab casting activity of a construction project for a private client, the client asks if you could also do the false ceiling. You analyze the change against the schedule and conclude that this will have no impact on the schedule.What is the first thing you should do to proceed with the change?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Begin the construction as it doesn’t have any impact on schedule
Analyse the change request against other project constraints
Consult the PMO on how to proceed with the change
Consult the CCB on how to proceed with the change
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The first thing to do is to analyze the impact of the change on other project constraints.
48
A lot of key stakeholders’ responsibilities are disrupted because of the organizational restructuring, and it is becoming difficult for you to keep the stakeholders engaged in the project in a positive manner. What should you not do to manage the engagement?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Use your interpersonal and team skills to manage the engagement
Develop the approaches to engage the stakeholders based on their needs, expectations, interests, and potential impact
Use communication management plan to engage stakeholders
Engage stakeholders at appropriate project stages to obtain, confirm, and maintain their commitment toward the success of the project
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
All the other options are for stakeholder engagement, and since this option is for the identification of the stakeholders, it is not an action to be taken.
49 CHANGE - MONITOR AND CONTROL
During an inspection, you detect a defect which was already identified in one of the previous inspections and a change request was also raised to correct it. You are wondering how the defect resurfaced. After a discussion with the team, you come to know that the team never implemented the change. What could have prevented this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Using an requirement traceability matrix
Updating the defect into issue log and risk register
Holding an approved change request review
Performing root cause analysis
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Approved change request review is a part of the monitor and control process. This includes reviewing all the change requests that are approved by the CCB to see the status of their implementation.
50
You are managing a big multiphase project. The phases are planned in a sequential manner. After the second phase of the project, which process group of the third phase should start?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Planning
Executing
Initiating
Closing
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In a sequential life cycle, when the closing process group ends, it starts the initiation process group of the next phase.
51
While performing the slab casting activity of a construction project for a private client, the client asks if you could also do the false ceiling. You analyze the change against the schedule and conclude that this will have no impact on the schedule.What is the first thing you should do to proceed with the change?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project schedule management
Project quality management
Project tracking
Project change control management
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
All the terms mentioned in the question point out that the project is an agile project. All of these activities are the part of managing the schedule in an agile environment.
52You ask one of the team members to draft the requirement management plan. When the team member gives you the draft, you notice that one of the components does not belong there. Which of the following is the most likely component that you notice?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The process of prioritizing the requirements
The rationale of the requirements
The process of preparing the project scope statement
The process of tracking the requirements throughout the project
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The process of preparing the project scope statement is a part of the scope management plan and not of the requirement management plan.
53During a project review, the project manager notices a major problem and discusses it with the team. The team suggests that they need to make the changes in the core architecture. What is the first thing that the project manager should do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Consult the sponsor
Consult the PMO
Implement the corrective action
Submit a change request
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Although this is a major change and the project manager is required to consult the sponsor, the first thing would be to submit the change request, after which, the impact analysis and rest of the processes will take place.
54You joined the project midway as the project manager and realized that the team members are mostly involved in responding to the unexpected information requests from a lot of stakeholders.This results in project delay as the team members are not able to focus on the project work. What is the first thing you should do as a project manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Ask the team members to forward all the requests to you so that the team could focus on their work
Ask the team members to ignore all the information requests and focus on the project work
Ask the team to respond to all the information requests and work overtime to complete the project on time
Review the communication management plan to understand the reason behind the stakeholders raising multiple information requests
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
As a project manager, review the communication management plan to understand the reason behind the stakeholders raising multiple information requests.
55Two engineers are arguing as you walk in. One talks to the other, while the other is standing with crossed arms. It is obvious that they won’t progress until they work their problem out. What is your next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Assist the two in finding a way to overcome their conflict
Tell the two to put aside their grievances and get back to work
Discover the issue and resolve it
Help the two by finding something they agree on
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Collaboration is the most appropriate way to resolve conflicts. A conflict must be addressed and should not be ignored. It is best when conflict is managed so the issues can easily be resolved. Smoothing or finding something to agree on is a reasonable conflict management strategy. However, collaboration leads to a longer-lasting, more satisfying outcome. P. 29, 168 Guide to the PMBOK 7ed
56
The project that you are managing is going well, and there is a high-performing team whose contribution you want to recognize. Which of the following options can be used as a guide to the process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Organizational Process Assets
Quality Matrix
Team Performance Assessment
Enterprise Environmental Factors
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The process you are managing is ‘Manage Team’ from resource management. One of the inputs to that process is the Organizational Process Assets.
57 AGILE
Which of the following is the difference between iterative and adaptive development life cycle?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
In iterative life cycle, the iterations are repeated until we get the desired results.
In adaptive life cycle, the iterations are repeated until we get desired results.
In iterative life cycle, the scope of the project is defined in the first iteration.
In adaptive life cycle, the project management plan is defined during project planning.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to PMPBOK- 6, the definition of iterative life cycle is that the iteration runs until it is deemed true.
58 AGILE
In the course of managing an agile project, the team conducts a sprint review with the customer representative(s) at the end of the second sprint. After the customer suggests many changes, the team documents the changes, what should the team do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Conduct retrospective meeting and reprioritize the backlog
Put the customer-suggested changes to the next iteration
Start the next iteration as per the previous plan
Consult product owner to see if the changes are viable
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Since the team just concluded the sprint review, the next step should be to conduct a retrospective, mark the areas of improvement by putting all the customer requirements and improvements back into the backlog, and reprioritize the backlog to plan the next iteration.
59You are managing a hybrid project. During the project, you planned for the risk and prioritized the risks as per qualitative risk analysis. However, executing the project, one of the unidentified risks occurred and threatened the schedule and cost of the project. What should you do first?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Consult the sponsor as the risk is unplanned
Review the risk register
Inform the customer about the risk
Plan a work around
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
As the question suggests, the unidentified risk has occurred. Since it is no more a risk but an issue, the first step for the project manager should be to plan the work around.
60 BUDGET
You are managing a large scale construction project. You have 230 resources working on the project in which a lot of material is also used. During the execution, the rate of cement has risen significantly due to economic growth of the country. How would you manage the risk involved?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Use contingency reserve
Use management reserve
Ask the finance department for more funds
Contact your sponsor
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
As the price escalation of the cement is due to economic growth, ideally it is already identified as a risk. So the project manager should use the contingency reserve planned for the particular risk.
61 CONFLICT
During a sprint in a hybrid project, two of the senior team members have a conflict. One team member is complaining that the other team member is keeping the testing tool busy for almost the entire time and thus, the former is not able to perform the test cases. The project manager convinced both of them to adjust their work timings so that both can use the testing tool. Which conflict resolution technique did the project manager use?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Smoothening
Problem solving
Compromising
Avoiding
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The project manager used a compromising technique as both of the team members adjusted their timings. It is partial satisfaction to both the parties involved.
62 PROJECT CHARTER
You are in the process of defining the project charter for an industrial infrastructure project and keen to determine how business objectives are related to the project. What should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Refer to the business case to check the business objectives, update it, and submit to the sponsor
Identify how the project is related to the business objectives from the business case
Go through the agreements related to the project
Review business cases of similar past projects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The business case documents the business needs and objectives related to the project.
63 NEXT
When planning for management of project resources, you have used your expert judgment, prepared hierarchy charting of the project organization, and held related meetings while acknowledging organizational theories. These have resulted in the creation of a good quality resource management plan. However, another item has not been created yet. What is it?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project team assignments
Resource requirements
A team charter with operating guidelines for the team, their values, and agreements.
Resource calendars
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team charter and the resource management plan are the two key outcomes of the planning resource management process.
64You are managing a project, and once you enter the execution phase, you realize that you need to procure one additional server to fulfill the project requirements. Given the purchase value is small, you prepare a unilateral contract. What is this also known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Purchase order
SOW
Contract
RFP
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
A purchase order (PO) is a commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller. It is normally a unilateral contract and is mostly used for low value purchases.
65During the initiation process of a high-value highway project, you are working on the identification of the stakeholders. Which of the following components from the organizational process assets could be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Issue logs from previous projects
Process documentation from previous projects
Stakeholder registers from previous projects
Procurement documentation from previous projects
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although one needs to use all the documents mentioned given in the other options, the most important one is the stakeholder register. It contains all the identified stakeholders, both internal and external.
66
During a water dam construction project, a lot of villagers came up and started opposing the construction, they demand very high compensation that would adversely impact the budget and the schedule of the project, which of the following process would have helped in preventing this problem from occurring?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Developing the Schedule
Determining the Budget
Identify Stakeholders
Identify Risk
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The identification of the stakeholder process is a part of initiation which helps in identifying both positive and negative stakeholders and to plan the strategy to handle the stakeholders.
67
When mapping the characteristics of the stakeholders, the project manager is in the process of selecting the representation tool to be used. He is deciding on using either the stakeholder cure or the bubble chart. What is common between these two representation tools?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Bubble chart is used for risk analysis.
Stakeholder cube is used to depict multidimensional characteristics of stakeholders.
Both can deal with more than two dimensions.
Both are stakeholder identification techniques.
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Usually, three dimensions are depicted in these charts. In case of the stakeholder cube, it is about the stakeholders, and in case of bubble chart, it is about the risks.
68
You are managing an agile project of which four sprints of two weeks each are remaining. This is the last release and your product owner informs you that a multimillion dollar project is about to start in the next three months. What is the first thing you should do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Review your project resource requirements
Try to wrap-up the current project as quickly as possible so that the resources are available to work on the big project.
Ask the management how the new project impacts your current project
Look into the skill set document and see how you can leverage the skills of your resources to work on the big project
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The first thing the project manager should do is analyze how the new project impacts the current project.
69
During an hybrid project, you realize that for producing a few deliverables, you would need external resources, and so, you start preparing a contract SOW (statement of work). Which of the following will not help you in this process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The project scope statement
The WBS Dictionary
The WBS of the project
The cost of the work required
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The contract statement of work only requires information about the scope of work to be completed and not the cost of the work.
70 CONTRACTS
During a large scale oil and gas project, you wanted to outsource a part of the project work which contains high amount of risk. Due to the risk involved in the work, not many contractors are interested to take up the work. What type of contract you would suggest to attract the vendors and contractors?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cost plus fixed fee
Cost plus award fee
Fixed price incentive fee
Firm fixed price contract
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Due to the nature of the work, if the contractors are not interested to take up the job, the project manager can suggest to go for a cost plus award fee contract as it gives extra award to the contractor who is willing to take up the job.
71
You and the team are working on selecting the project management approach for the project. The team is in a discussion about the various priorities of different project management approaches. As an experienced project manager, what would you suggest is the highest priority of an agile project management approach?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Customer satisfaction through delivery of valuable products
Responding to change and progressive elaboration of plans
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although all the options are from the agile manifesto, this option most closely resembles the highest priority according to the Agile Manifesto, which states, “Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software.”
72 QUALITY AGILE
You are delivering a software product to the customer using an agile methodology. During the sprint review, the customer reverted with a few defects.The team was unable to identify and resolve these defects in any of the quality processes. According to agile, what are these defects called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Undetected defects
Escaped defects
Primary defects
Secondary defects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Escaped defects are those defects that have escaped all software quality processe. These are usually pointed out by the customer during the iteration review meeting.
73During some projects, there is an undocumented knowledge with a few stakeholders, which they keep to themselves. What is this knowledge called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Common knowledge
Shared knowledge
Explicit knowledge
Tacit knowledge
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The undocumented knowledge which is difficult to share and elaborate is called tacit knowledge.The manage project knowledge process from PMBOK talks about it in detail.
74 AGILE CEREMONY
You are organizing a meeting with all the agile team members to synchronize their activities and ensure they are all working toward a common iteration goal. What this meeting is called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint review
Sprint planning
Daily stand-up
Sprint retrospective
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Daily stand-up meetings are scheduled to help synchronize the team’s activities and ensure alignment.
75 AGILE
During an agile project, you have just completed the development of a potentially shippable product increment. What is the time taken by the team to create this increment called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cycle time
Throughput time
Velocity
Actual time
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Cycle time refers to the time it takes (from beginning to end) to complete the creation of a potentially shippable product increment.
76 AGILE
In predictive life cycle projects, the project manager uses WBS to define the deliverables, work packages, and activities.Which breakdown structure is used in the agile project management for this purpose?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint breakdown structure
Product breakdown structure
Feature breakdown structure
Activity breakdown structure
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
A feature breakdown structure is an agile artifact that displays the backlog of features for each of the releases on an agile project.
77 AGILE
You are in a discussion with the product owner, who is explaining how the product will be built and delivered incrementally over time. Which document will the PO use for this purpose?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product vision statement
Product roadmap
Product theme
Product backlog
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
A product roadmap is an agile artifact that describes the incremental nature of how a product will be built and delivered over time, along with the important factors that drive each individual release.
78 AGILE
In a traditional waterfall model, the project sponsor provides the project charter to the project manager. In an agile project, a different document is used by the product owner to explain incremental development of product. What is this document used by called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product roadmap
Product development document
Product stream mapping document
Product breakdown structure
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to the definition in agile project management, the product roadmap has details about incremental delivery of the product.
79During the execution of the project, the project manager is informed by the quality team that an auditor will be visiting the project site to review the implementation of the relevant ISO 9001/2000 processes. What work will the auditor perform?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Quality assurance
Quality control
Quality review
Quality performance
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Process audit is one of the tools and techniques of the manage quality process. Thus, the auditor will perform the quality assurance or managing quality process audit.
80
During a stakeholder analysis of a hybrid project, the project manager is trying to classify the stakeholders per their current and desired engagement level. Which of the following is NOT a classification of stakeholders?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Neutral
Leading
Aware
Resistant
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
There are five different classifications of stakeholders which are Unaware, Neutral, Resistant, Supportive, and Leaders. However, Aware is not a classification.
81You are managing a traditional waterfall project and you need to update the communication management plan. Currently, nine team members are reporting to you, and you decide to add three more resources to the team. With the new resources, how many new channels of communication should be added to the existing ones?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
39
33
78
45
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The current team size is 10 (Nine resources plus you). For 10 new people, the formula is n* (n-1)/2, which will return 45. With three new members, the team size will increase to 13, and the formula will return 78. Thus the difference will be 78-45 = 33.
82
You are an experienced project manager who joined a project midway through execution. The stakeholders are not happy with the project as there are many hurdles, and you start reviewing the documents to understand the project better. While reviewing the project charter document, you realize that many stakeholders have signed it. Which of the following options should be the most concerning?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Identification of the stakeholders
Updating the communication management plan
Spending time on communication requirements analysis
Updating the risk register
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
As a large number of stakeholders signed the project charter, the areas concerned with this project are many. As a project manager, your priority should be to understand the competing needs of the stakeholders and analyze communications requirements.
83 AGILE
While managing an agile project, you are discussing user stories for the product with your team. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement related to user stories?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
User stories are kept in product and sprint backlog
User stories should be written by client or client representatives
User stories are the base for creating project and product requirements
User stories represent the smallest unit of work in an agile project
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
User stories are broken down into tasks which are the smallest work units in agile project management.
84One of the senior project stakeholders has a high interest and impact on your project’s outcome. What should your strategy to manage this stakeholder be?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Keep informed
Manage closely
Keep satisfied
Monitor closely
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
According to the impact/interest grid of the PMBOK, if a stakeholder has high impact and interest in the project, the project manager should manage the stakeholder very closely.
85Your agile team has produced a potentially shippable product. During which agile meeting would you show this product increment to all the stakeholders?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Iteration planning meeting
Iteration review meeting
Iteration retrospective meeting
Iteration acceptance meeting
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The iteration review meeting occurs at the end of the iteration where the development team presents the potentially shippable product component, developed during the current iteration, to all interested stakeholders.
86 QUALITY
When the quality auditor audits the project, he checks various parameters for different purposes. Which of the following is not a purpose of the quality audit?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Determination of whether project activities comply with organizational policies
Creation of quality matrixes
Confirmation of the implementation of approved change requests
Process improvement to improve productivity
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Quality matrixes are the outputs of the Plan Quality Management process, whereas quality audits are performed during quality assurance or management.
87 AGILE
During the project methodology selection discussion, it was decided to go ahead with the agile methodology. Which of the following is NOT considered an agile method?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Adaptive software development
Test driven development
Feature driven development
Lean software development
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Adaptive software development, feature-driven development, and lean software development are all considered agile methods. Test Driven development is considered an Agile tool, not a method.
88 AGILE
You are managing an agile software development project. During the sprint review, the product owner rejects a feature out of the features demonstrated by the development team. What should the project team do with the user story of the rejected feature?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Put the user story to the backlog of next sprint
Delete the user story from backlog and drop the feature
Rewrite the user story to address the reasons for which they were rejected
Put the user story to the product backlog to reprioritize later
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
If a feature is rejected, it is most often due to a gap in the team’s understanding of the expectations of the business or the customer. This misunderstanding can arise due to missed acceptance criteria or a poorly written user story, which served as a basis for the feature. The first step is to correct or rewrite the user story. Then, it can be placed into the backlog and reprioritized.
89 RESOURCES
You are planning how to manage the resources for your project. You used organizational charts, expert judgement, held meetings and a good quality resource management plan. However, you are still working on another item from the same process. What is that item you are working on?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Resource calendar
Resource breakdown structure
Team charter
Resource requirement
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The team charter and the resource management plan are the two key outcomes of planning resource management.
90While managing an agile project, the agile team finished coding for the iteration. Which of the following continuous improvement meetings should they attend?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Iteration demo
Iteration retrospective meeting
Release planning meeting
Iteration planning meeting
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The iteration retrospective meeting is an example of a continuous process improvement ceremony on an agile project.
91Which of the following is not included in Scope Management Plan?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
WBS and its approval process
Scope statement change control process
Project scope statement development process
Requirements prioritization process
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Requirements prioritization process is a part of a requirements management plan.
92During the requirements gathering, the project manager decides to hold workshops with the cross-functional team in an interactive manner, focusing on trust, relationship building, reconciliations, and open communications to build consensus on requirements. What is this approach known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Focus groups
Facilitation
Nominal group technique
Observation or conversation
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
This approach in which the project manager holds workshops with cross-functional teams to build consensus on requirements is known as facilitation.
93 AGILE
Midway through the release iteration, an agile team working on a software development project realized that they will not be able to meet the release deadline based on velocity. What should the team do ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Increase the developers to complete the work on time
Decrease the user stories to improve velocity
Meet the product owner to reprioritize the backlog
Discuss new release date with product owner
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Unless stated differently, the cost and the schedule of the agile projects are fixed while the scope is flexible. Therefore, meeting with the product owner to discuss the scope reduction or re-prioritize the backlog is the best option among the choices provided.
94 SCOPE
You and your team are working on a large multistorey building project, and you want to ensure that no extra work is done on the project. Which of the following is the most helpful option?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Documented exclusions
Documented constraints
Documented assumptions
Documented requirements
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Documented exclusions identify what is excluded from the project. Explicitly stating what is out of scope in the project scope statement helps a project manager to manage the stakeholders’ expectations.
95
A very experienced team leader and subject matter expert of the project wants to engage with the team to solve a problem. How can the team leader best engage the team in solving the problem?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Engage the team in documenting the pros and cons of different solutions
Engage the team to agree with his solution
Engage the team in all project decisions
Encourage the team to experiment with different potential solutions
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
To engage the team in solving problems, the team leader should create an open and safe environment, where the team members can experiment with different options without any fear of being punished for mistakes they may make in the process.
96 SCHEDULE
A project manager is creating a project schedule network diagram only for the procurement section of the project they are managing. What is this an example of?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Arrow diagramming method
Fragment network
Precedence diagramming method
Activity on node
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
It is not clear which activity sequencing technique is the project manager using. However, since they are developing a schedule network diagram only for a part of the project and not the entire project, it is an example of fragment network.
97You are managing a hybrid project. For activity duration estimation process, you need to estimate the duration for handover of the final product to the customer. In the past, you experienced a lot of delays and errors identified at the last moment for a similar project. You are confident that the handover will be completed in 12 days, with a most optimistic estimate being six days and the worst case scenario being extension upto 24 days. What must be the three point estimate for entire handover effort?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
19 days
18 days
11 days
13 days
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Since no other details are mentioned, we use beta distribution method for 3 point estimating, which is (4 ML+Pe) 6. Using this formula, 3 point estimate is 13 days.
98 AGILE
During an agile project, the stakeholders want to understand what progress the agile team has made in the last sprint. Which of the following document will be most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project Spike Data
Team’s velocity chart
Product backlog
Cycle time
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
A velocity chart shows the amount of value delivered in each iteration which allows the stakeholders to understand what progress the team has made during the iteration.
A spike is a user story for which the team cannot estimate the effort needed.
99 COMMUNICATION
During a pan state construction project, you are managing multiple teams at multiple locations. During a review, you realise that the performance of one of the team members is inadequate. What is the best communication approach for handling this problem?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Formal verbal
Formal written
Informal verbal
Informal written
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
An informal verbal communication is most efficient as it is a two-way communication where the team members can talk about issues or challenges impacting their performance.
100 AGILE
A new agile team is aiming to improve its process for the next project. As an experienced project manager, what approach will you suggest them?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Focus on work not done and reflection
Consult with the project sponsor and SME
Adopt the process used by the most successful team in the organization
Tailor their own process for the next project
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Simplicity and reflection are core agile project management practices. Simplicity, the art of maximizing the amount of work not done, is one of the Agile Manifesto principles. Reflection is in the centre of iteration retrospectives aimed to improve the team’s process and performance. Focusing on reflection and simplicity will most likely help the team improve its process.
101
You are managing a global project, where the team members come from diverse geographies who are not familiar with each other. To make sure that all the team members experience good collaboration, you are considering to train them on certain aspects. Which of the following should you definitely consider?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Language training
Social media training
Cultural training
Communication training
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Cultural aspects are important in a setting where people from diverse cultures work together. Proper mutual understanding ensures better collaboration. Thus, cultural training should be definitely considered.
102 AGILE
In an agile project, if the team members are not 100% available for the project, what are they called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Partially assigned
Minimally assigned
Fractionally assigned
Functionally assigned
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
If an Agile project team member is not 100% fully dedicated to one project, the team member is said to be fractionally assigned. Fractional assignment is particularly common in organizations where an individual is assigned to one or more projects simultaneously.
103 SCOPE
Which of the following is NOT true regarding scope process definition?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
It is reviewed and accepted by all key stakeholders.
It allows the customer to verify what was built against the requirements.
It provides a common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders.
It needs to be approved by project sponsor and customer as part of WBS process.
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Define Scope provides a Project Scope Statement which elaborates customer requirements. It is used as an input to customer to verify what was built against the requirements, but it is done in Validate Scope process.
104While comparing the WBS process of decomposing requirement in an agile project, what is the artifact that contains release plans as the first level of decomposition?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product roadmap
Product backlog
Sprint backlog
Release backlog
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Product roadmap is an agile artifact which has a visual summary of the entire product development. During the release planning, the same document is used as the first level of decomposition and progressively elaborated.
105A RESOURSE
Resource Breakdown Structure or RBS in a predictive life cycle is an example of which of the following options?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Text-oriented format
Functional chart
Organizational chart
Common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Resource Breakdown Structure is an example of Hierarchical-type Organizational Chart.
106 AGILE
In a daily stand-up of an agile software development project, the development team raised an impediment that one of the developers was pulled back by his line manager, and as a result, the team is not able to complete the work committed for the current sprint. What should have been done differently to avoid this impediment?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The team should have added buffers to each user story to account for the unknown risks.
The team should have worked faster during the sprint before the developer was withdrawn.
The team should have considered human resources availability while planning the sprint.
The line manager should not have allowed the developer to work on the agile project in the first place.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
To avoid the impediment, the line manager should not have allowed the developer to work on the agile project in the first place.
107 AGILE
In an agile project, which role is referred as the voice of the customer?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The project manager
The scrum master
The product owner
The development team lead
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The product owner is responsible for bridging the gaps between the customer, the business stakeholders, and the development team. So, they are sometimes referred to as the voice of the customer.
108
As a project manager, which of the following is NOT a challenge while planning engagement with virtual teams?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Technical skills
Face-to-face time
Time zone difference
Long distance
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Technical skills are not a challenge as they are already taken care of in the HR management plan.
109 AGILE
Agile teams working on a project often use a collection of values, principles, and practices to help them in agile software development project. What is this collection known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Agile modeling
Agile prototyping
Agile analysis
Agile manifesto
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Agile Modeling is a tool often used by Agile project teams to create models for Agile software development. It is a collection of values, principles, and practices.
110You are managing a large oil and gas project. Along with the technical team, you are finding it difficult to develop estimates for the project. What could be the most likely reason?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Assumptions are not documented properly
Schedule constraints are not documented properly
Scope not properly defined at initial stage
Finance planning was not done properly
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In order to do the estimation, the scope must be defined properly. Scope baseline is one of the inputs to various estimating processes. The team must be facing difficulties in estimating because the scope is not defined properly in the initial stage.
111 AGILE
You are managing an agile software development project and want to take feedback from agile project team on sprint planning. Which of the following is NOT considered a method of receiving feedback from the agile team?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Team evaluation
Individual evaluation
Prototyping
Process tailoring
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Team evaluation, individual evaluation, and process tailoring are the methods of soliciting feedback from your Agile project team members. Prototyping is a form of product feedback, not a form of project team feedback.
112Your project sponsor is interested in finding all the information about your project. The WBS can be used to show which of the following options?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The procurement decisions
All the work to be done on the project
The resources needed for each deliverable
Duration of carrying out each deliverable
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
WBS shows all the work to be done on the project. Detailed activities and resource requirements will be available in the WBS dictionary and the project schedule, while the procurement decisions will be a part of the procurement management plan.
113While getting the project deliverables validated by a customer, which of the following is true about validating scope?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Controlling changes to the scope of the project
Validating that the project quality requirements have been met
Obtaining the stakeholder’s formal acceptance of the project deliverables
Validating all the deliverables at the end of the project
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Validating scope is the process of obtaining the stakeholders’ formal acceptance of project deliverables. Quality requirements are validated in the control quality process. Scope changes are controlled in the control scope process, and validation of all the project objectives is done in closing the project or phase process.
114 AGILE
The team is in a process to selecting agile methods for a software development project. Which of the following is NOT an agile method?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Test driven development
Lean software development
Feature driven development
Adaptive software development
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Test driven development is a tool and not a method in agile project management. All the other options are the agile methods.
115
A project that you are managing is in execution. During the cost benefit analysis,you realise that an additional round of testing will cost the project $12,000 worth of resource time. You expect very few errors to be found in this additional testing, and even if a few errors comes up, you should be able to manage those within $2,000. How should you proceed ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Conduct the tests as planned
Consider it a risk
Continue testing as long as you find even a single defect
Pause as the cost benefit analysis does not favour the additional round of testing
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The cost of quality is $12000 which is much higher than the cost of nonconformance to the quality. Hence, you should not proceed as the benefits in return may outweigh the cost of quality.
116The team is involved in finding ideas to resolve a problem. Which of the following is considered most effective when used as a method to generate ideas for solving problems?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Fist of five
Roman voting
Brainstorming
Mind map
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Brainstorming is considered as the most effective technique for idea generation.
117
When planning for quality, you are reviewing the business data, such as the supplier’s contributions to the organizational performance, and some of these are in the form of visual charts. You are focusing on any mention of quality-related statements or visuals. What is this called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Multicriteria decision analysis
Expert judgment
Matrix diagram
Logical data model
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
A logical data model is a visual of an organization’s data which can help solve quality issues.
118 AGILE
During an agile project, the stakeholders are not very happy with the performance of a vendor, and they want to terminate the contract as they see no value addition. What type of agile contract allows the organization to do this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Agile time and materials contract
Agile iteration contract
Agile master service agreement
Agile phased development contract
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
An agile time and materials contract allows the customer to terminate the contract at any time if no added value is seen.
119 AGILE
The project manager scheduled a meeting to prioritize the sprint backlog and determine which user stories will be committed in the iteration. In the discussion, breakdown of stories, estimation, and their achievability based on team capacity are reviewed. On which day of the iteration is this meeting held?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Throughout the iteration or whenever required
Only at the start of the first iteration of each release
Usually at the start of the iteration
Just before the end of the previous iteration
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
This is called the iteration planning meeting which is held at the start of each sprint.
120During the execution of the project, you are trying to reallocate resources from noncritical activities to critical activities. This activity is an example of which of the following options?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
What-if analysis
Critical path adjustment
Project crashing
Resource leveling
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Resource leveling is used to check resource allocation and resolve possible conflict arising from overallocation by reallocating them from noncritical to critical activities.
121 AGILE
During an agile project, what type of planning describes the technique of applying incremental delivery cycles to perform the work on an agile project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Incremental planning
Rolling wave planning
Adaptive planning
Progressive planning
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Adaptive planning is a technique that employs iterative development cycles to produce an incremental product.
122 COMMUNICATION
During a predictive project, you overhear two senior stakeholders of the project. Their messages are clear, and the information is useful for the project. However, influencing results in a lot of disagreements, and there is no productive outcome . What is missing here?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Competence in relationship development
Ability to seek feedback
Nonverbal ability
Informal verbal communication
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Effective relationship is a key competence in communication, which has other aspects like clarity, leadership and information sharing. There is no indication of nonverbal or feedback issues here.
123 AGILE
In an agile project, you are trying to understand the number of story points completed by the team. What is the term used to indicate the number of story points that an agile team completes in an iteration?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cadence
Relativity
Velocity
Affinity
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Velocity refers to the number of story points an Agile team completes in an iteration. Cadence is also a term used in Agile to describe the ‘rhythm’ of average work performed by the team in a sprint, but it is not specifically measured in story points.
124 COMMUNICATION
While performing Monitor Communications process in a project, you are now in a position to check the required information that was presented to relevant stakeholders in a timely and agreed manner. Which of the following is NOT an outcome of this exercise?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Work performance information
Project performance report
Change requests
Project plan updates
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The question states that you are performing Monitor Communications process from which you will get all the mentioned outputs except project performance reports.
125 COMMUNICATION
The project that you are managing has mostly colocated team members, out of whom only two are working virtually. During the daily stand-up meeting, the virtual team members join through virtual conference. What is considered the most effective method of communication on an agile project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Virtual communication
Osmotic communication
Face-to-face communication
Electronic communication
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Face-to-face communication is the verbal exchange of the information by senders and receivers in real time. It is considered the most effective form of communication in both agile project management and traditional project management. Colocation helps make face-to-face communication a reality for an agile project team.
126 AGILE
After the last sprint the agile team is demonstrating a recently developed product, who determines when the product is complete?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The sponsor
The product owner
The development team lead
The Agile coach
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The product owner accepts the completed product increment in the iteration review meeting after reviewing the acceptance criteria and verifying the functionality.
127 ORGANIZATION
You are managing a project where the resources mostly report to their managers. As a project manager, your authority over the selection of members of the team is low to moderate. Which type of organizational structure does the organization follow?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Functional
Weak matrix
Balanced matrix
Strong matrix
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Authority of the project manager and dual reporting of team members are the indicators that the organization structure is balanced matrix.
128
An experienced agile team has done projects together in past. In the last project, the biggest criticism received was about wrong estimates. While preparing for the current project, what should an experienced project manager suggest them to do differently?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Fine tune but do not put too much effort to gain the maximum benefit from estimating
Lock down the budget, schedule, and scope to improve the accuracy
Deliberate extensively to completely eliminate uncertainty from the estimate
Give primary responsibility for owning the estimate to one team member
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
With estimating, there is a point of diminishing returns, where additional effort put into estimation yields a minimal improvement in accuracy. Therefore, the team can fine tune but should not put in too much time or effort in estimating.
129 ORGANIZATION
Consider that you are working on a critical project for a projectized organization. which of the following options is NOT the advantage of this projectized structure?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
More effective communication between the team members
Loyalty of the project team toward the project
Teamwork on the projects
Efficient project organization
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
After the project gets over, the team is disbanded, and the team members get aligned to multiple projects.
130You are working on a project where the team members rely mostly on technology to collaborate with each other and the new contracts are established through known colleagues and partners. What type of organization is this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Functional organization, as they do technical work
Hybrid organization, as this has a mix of various organization types
Virtual organization as it includes a network of professionals working together with the help of technology like software collaboration tools
Project oriented organizations as they use a lot of technology
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Virtual organizations include a network of professionals who effectively work with each other with the help of technology like software collaboration tools.
131
You are a part of a very experienced agile team which is working together for long and has delivered many projects successfully. The team decides to improve their best practices for the upcoming project. What is the best approach to accomplish this objective?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Apply the same practices that have been used by the team in their previous projects
Consult with the scrum master, the product owner, and the project stakeholders
Design a new set of best practices that is tailored to the upcoming project
Select the best practices used by the most successful agile team in the organization
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The process can and should always be analysed for any improvements, for example, during retrospective meetings. However, if a set of practices used by a team has proven to be effective, using the same practices in the next project would be the best option.
132 CHANGE
During the execution of a mechanical project, one of the stakeholders raised a change request which requires a lot of changes in the base architecture.The stakeholder insists on this change, but you have already escalated this matter to the project sponsor. Which level of stakeholder engagement you must show to handle this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Neutral
Supportive
Resistant
Leading
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Project manager must be resistant at this stage. If the stakeholder needs change, they must go through CCB, and additional time and cost must be sought for.
133 QUALITY
During quality testing of the product, the quality team found a defect. The team wants to understand the root cause of the defect and decides to draw a fishbone diagram. They write the problem at the fish’s head and label the bones with categories. What is the next step?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Decide what to do about the categories
Label the fish’s tail with a category for the solution
Look for items appearing in more than one category
Brainstorm factors within each category
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
After the problem is written at the fish’s head and the bones of the fish are labelled with categories, the next step is to brainstorm factors within each category.
134 AGILE
During a sprint review, the agile team reported that they were not able to complete all the user stories committed for the sprint because they worked overtime and eventually got burned out. What is wrong with the team’s approach?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
The team approach is wrong.The team should fulfil their commitment and be held accountable for their actions.
Nothing is wrong. To maintain good working relationships with the team, the product owner should not hold the team accountable.
Nothing is wrong. Maintaining a constant pace indefinitely is more important than missing a sprint goal.
The team approach is wrong. Maintaining a constant pace indefinitely has a different meaning, which is not applicable in this scenario.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The Agile Manifesto should not be used as an excuse for not completing the committed sprint goal. The team should be held accountable for their work.
135
You are distributing the project status of the project with the stakeholders. Which document shows the stakeholder’s concerns about the cost of the project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Work performance report
Issue log
Risk register
Stakeholder engagement plan
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Among all, an issue log is used to document and record key concerns of the stakeholders.
136
You are working on managing stakeholder engagement for your project and finding it challenging to handle power centres and power relationship related to project. Which area should you focus on or have the sponsor guide you?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Power management skills
Stakeholder engagement skills
Political awareness
Negotiations
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Political awareness is about understanding power relationships and organization strategies, the willingness to operate, and the ability to communicate in power environments.
137After the failure of one of the sprints of your agile project, the emotions of team members ran high and they started blaming each other during the retrospective. As an experience project manager, what is the first thing you should do to handle this situation?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Wait and observe the discussion for sometime
Pitch in immediately to avoid further harm
Start a mentoring session with team members
Call HR department
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The first thing to do is to sit back and observe the team members. This may be interpreted as a lack of action, but it is important for an experienced agile project manager to sufficiently observe the situation.
138During the project execution phase, you realised that there is a requirement of an additional server to fulfill project requirements. As this is a small purchase, you prepared a unilateral contract. What is this contract known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cost reimbursable contract
Purchase order
Statement of work
RFQ
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Purchase order (PO) is a commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller. Normally, PO is a unilateral contract, which is used for low value purchases.
139 CONTRACTS
You are preparing a contract statement of work for one of the vendors. From which of the following documents will you not take inputs?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
WBS
WBS Dictionary
Cost of work required
Project scope statement
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Contract statement of work only contains information about the scope required to be completed. Thus, cost of work will not be required.
140 AGILE
During the planning of a workshop of an agile project, the product owner prioritized features by business value and shared it with development team. What should be the team’s next logical step ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Start planning and estimating
Start development work
Decompose the features into stories
Set up a customer review meeting to capture more details
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Decomposing the features into stories is the best choice. The next step for the team is to continue analysis by decomposing features into stories. Such decomposition is a part of adaptive planning.
141
During the execution phase of a project, the project manager noticed that the team members do not collaborate with each other or take responsibility of their actions. What could be the most likely reason for this behaviour?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Lack of leadership
Avoidance of accountability
Fear of conflict
Absence of job security
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Fear of conflict is one of the main reasons for team members to avoid taking responsibility, be afraid to ask questions, and not collaborate with each other.
142
The project manager is having a hard time understanding their sponsor’s point of view on a particular user story. What attributes can they rely on to get better understand the sponsor’s point of view? [Select all that apply]
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)
Active listening
Empathy
Using a whiteboard to map out what your sponsor is thinking
Apply nominal group technique and flow-charts to find clarity
Correct Option:A, B
EXPLANATION
Active listening, which refers to effective collection of information with emotional intelligence, and empathy, which allows one to understand others emotions and even feel them, will help the PM better understand the sponsor’s point of view.
143
During a predictive life cycle project, you estimated the duration of a few activities before you onboarded a few resources. In the middle of the execution, you realized that the competency level of resources is much lower than what you assumed, resulting in a delay on critical path activities. What you should do next ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Crash the project to meet the delay
Ask the team members to work overtime
Raise a change request for schedule and duration
Inform the customer about the delay
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
All the options are potential answers but the first thing you should do as a project manager is perform impact analysis and raise a change request.
144 AGILE
As a project manager of an agile project, which of the following statements best describes your concerns related to schedule control ?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Determining the rate at which deliverables are produced
Comparing planned and actual schedule of activities
Using schedule reserves
Reviewing progress with suppliers
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Agile uses a term ‘velocity’ for determining the rate at which the deliverables are produced.
145 AGILE
You are facilitating a planning poker to estimate the duration of user stories in a sprint. After all the members read a user story, you ask them to choose a card with estimate and reveal the card. If the estimates differ widely, you immediately ask the team members to do a re-estimation until all the estimates converge. What did you do wrong?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cards were revealed when the process should have been anonymous.
Participants re-estimated immediately after everyone revealed their cards.
Participants used ideal days as the unit for the estimates.
You did nothing wrong and played by the rules.
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
By immediately re-estimating, the team misses out on the benefit of discussing the estimates and the reason behind their decisions.
146 SCHEDULE
When managing the schedule of the project, you are using finalized project schedule which includes duration, dependencies and other planning information. Which of the following elements of project schedule are you referring to?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Schedule estimates
Schedule data
Schedule compression
Schedule model
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Schedule model is a representation of the plan for executing the projects’ activities which include duration, dependencies, and other planning information used to produce a project schedule along with other scheduling artefacts.
147 AGILE
During the management of an agile project, you need to use a lot of artifacts. Which of the following is NOT an artifact in the agile project management for managing sprints?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint backlog
Sprint plan
Sprint vision statement
Sprint burnup chart
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Although a vision statement is an agile project artifact, it is for the product and not for the sprint.
148In general, when you start your first agile project in an organization, the historical records of the previous projects are not available to determine the velocity of the first sprint. So, this velocity is mostly based on guesses than analysis. What is this type of velocity called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Estimated velocity
Forecasted velocity
Cycle velocity
Terminal velocity
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Forecasted velocity is an estimate of agile project team velocity, which is used when it is impossible or impractical to determine how many story points will be needed to complete an iteration. This is commonly used on a new Agile project’s first iteration since there is no historical data available to help estimate this velocity.
149
While managing the performance of a noncooperative team member, you identify that certain group sentiments are impacting this individual. Taking this into account, you advise this individual and obtain a performance improvement commitment from them. Which technique have you used?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Conflict management
Problem solving
Emotional intelligence
Leadership
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
You may have used elements of leadership, influence, and conflict handling. However, since individual and group emotions are in play, emotional intelligence has been primarily used.
150
You are trying to manage communication in your project. Which of the following best defines efficient communication?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Providing only the information that is needed
Providing all the information to all stakeholders
Providing information to the senior management and sponsor
Providing information only when asked
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Efficient communication is providing what is needed. The project manager can achieve this by performing stakeholder communication requirement analysis.
151 AGILE
While managing an agile software development project, the team integrates new and updated software code frequently. What is this method called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Constant integration
Continuous integration
Consistent integration
Code integration update
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Continuous Integration is an Extreme Programming technique, dictating all updates to the application’s source code base to be integrated and tested at least once per day.
152
You’ve completed the Monitor Communication Process and are now in a position to determine if the required information was delivered on time to key stakeholders. Your exercise will result in all of the following, except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project performance report
Change request
Project documents update
Work performance information
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
According to the question, you are performing the Monitor Communications procedure, which will result in all of the above outputs except the project performance report.
153A project manager will make use of various organizational theories to manage the project’s team and resources. Which of the following is an example of Theory X?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Self-led project teams
Dictatorship
Democratic decision making
Micromanagement
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
According to Theory X, the average worker dislikes work and tries to avoid it whenever possible, requiring constant supervision and micromanagement.
154During project monitoring and controlling, you realize the project will miss a few deadlines as the skill set required is not accessible within the team. You considered training a few resources, but finances are not available in the project budget. You discussed it with the project sponsor, who decided to bring it to the attention of top management. Although you updated the risk register, you are not actively monitoring it. What risk response strategy is this?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sharing risk
Avoiding risk
Escalating risk
Mitigating risk
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In escalation, the risk is from outside the project scope or beyond the project team’s authority. Once escalated, it is the responsibility of the upper management to take action or advice the project team. The Project Manager won’t be able to formally monitor this risk and will check the status with upper management periodically.
155 AGILE
You are mentoring your team on agile project management and making them familiar with the terms. During this exercise, you explained agile values from the agile manifesto to the team. Which of the following is NOT a value?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Customer communication over contract negotiation
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Responding to change over following a plan
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
The value is Customer “Collaboration” over contract negotiation and not Customer “Communication.”
156A senior director came up with an opportunity during project execution about starting a new line of business. You did a SWOT and concluded that the opportunity is worth pursuing, but the company doesn’t have any experience in the new line of business. You decided to partner with another organization that is an expert in this line. This strategy is called ____________________.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Accepting risk
Avoiding risk
Mitigating risk
Sharing risk
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Your organization identified an opportunity (positive risk) and decided to share it with another organization by forming a partnership. Hence, this is an example of sharing a positive risk.
157During an interactive communication project, the sender and receiver share information. Which of the following is the primary responsibility of the sender?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Providing information as per the schedule
Providing information as per format defined in the communication management plan
Ensuring the receiver agrees with the message
Confirming the message is understood
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The primary responsibility of a sender is to confirm the message received is well understood.
158 AGILE
What is the name of the risk management activity that occurs in an agile project management environment by implementing Agile best practices such as iterative planning and review activities?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Inherent risk management
Overt risk management
Organic risk management
Agile risk management
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
In Agile projects, organic risk management occurs by following Agile best practices such as iterative planning and review activities.
159 BUDGET
During the project, the project manager and team identified a lot of risks. One of the risks has a probability of 40%, and the impact is $10,000. Per this data, how much management reserve do you need to keep?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
$4,000
$5,000
$0
$10,000
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
You do not need a management reserve as it is solely for unforeseen risks, not identified risks.
160
You want to keep your team highly productive throughout the project. Which of the following motivational theories are most useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Theory Y and Maslow’s Hierarchy
Herzberg’s Hygiene Factors and Expectancy
Theory Y, Expectancy Theory and Herzberg’s Hygiene Factors
Expectancy Theory, Theory X and Maslow’s Hierarchy
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
All these theories are widely accepted in today’s environment and ensure high motivation of team members, resulting in higher productivity.
161During project execution, you find your influence on project team members is dwindling. What project management power should you NOT use if you want to maintain influence?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Referent
Expert
Penalty
Formal
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Penalty is the least effective form of influence, and it’s used as a last resort in extreme cases.
162 AGILE
During an agile sprint, a team will attend numerous meetings for a variety of reasons. Some are process-oriented, while others are not. Which of the following sprint meetings is process-oriented?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Sprint planning
Sprint review
Sprint retrospective
Sprint demo
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The Sprint retrospective is a process-oriented Agile project team meeting held at the end of each iteration. Its purpose is to explicitly reflect on the most significant events that occurred during the current iteration to make decisions on process improvement during the next iteration.
163Which of the following artifact will describe the incremental nature of how a product will be built and delivered overtime in an agile project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product roadmap
Product backlog
Sprint vision statement
Sprint backlog
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Product roadmap is an Agile artifact that describes the incremental nature of how a product will be built and delivered over time, along with the important factors that drive each release.
164 ORGANIZATION
Which organizational structure makes team building difficult for a group of people working together to deliver a product/service/result?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cross functional
Projectized
Balance matrix
Weak matrix
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Weak matrix makes team building difficult for a group of people working together to deliver a product/service/result.
165
A customer wants you to perform a quantitative risk analysis of the identified risks. Which of the following is NOT useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Expected monetary value
Decision tree
Influence diagram
Sensitivity analysis
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Influence diagrams are used in risk identification and not in quantitative risk analysis.
166 AGILE
You want to ensure an agile team’s project work is directed toward a common product goal. Which of the following is useful?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Product review meeting
Backlog prioritization meeting
Daily stand-up meeting
Risk analysis meeting
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The purpose of doing daily stand-up is to ensure the team members are working towards achieving a common goal.
167 AGILE
Which pull-based methods focus on maximizing the throughput of a team by limiting work in progress?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Lean
Scrum
Crystal
Kanban
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Kanban is a pull-based planning and execution method. Instead of planning work items upfront and pushing them into a team’s work queue, the team signals when they are ready for more work and pulls it into their queue.
168For ease of information sharing, you use big dashboards and place them in public locations for visibility. What is this tool is known as?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Status information board
Blackboard
Information radiator
Project description
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Information radiators are huge dashboards placed at public locations, also known as whiteboards.
169 RISK
During risk management, you identified a risk with a probability of 80% with a negative impact of $50,000. There is no positive opportunity in that risk. Which of the following is the risk that can give only a negative outcome called?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Management risk
Business risk
Insurable risk
Variable risk
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The risk with a negative outcome is called pure risk or insurable risk. Buying insurance is a common response plan for such risks.
170
The payback period for Project A is 9 months and for Project B is 7 months. The capital required for Project A is $55,000 and for Project B it is $95,000. Which is a better project?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project A
Project B
Whichever project requires higher capital
Whichever project requires least capital
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
The rule with payback period is “Lesser the payback period, better the project” regardless to capital required.
171During an agile project, your team is involved in prioritizing features of a software product. The team decided to use MoSCoW analysis. In the MoSCoW analysis, what C stands for?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cancel
Can’t do
Can do
Could have
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
MoSCoW is a prioritization technique. Skipping the O’s, the terms used for prioritization are, M, S, C, and W. M stands for must haves, S stands for should haves, C stands for could haves, and W stands for won’t and would haves.
172 AGILE
During sprint execution, who is responsible for managing and tracking the total remaining work in the sprint backlog to achieve the sprint objectives?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project manager
Product owner
Project team
Quality team
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Teams in agile are self-organizing teams and take most of the decisions. They are also responsible for tracking the remaining work in the sprint backlog, where the project manager makes sure there are no impediments and blockers for the team.
173
You presented earned value analysis to your sponsor, and after reviewing the data, the sponsor inquired about the significance of an SPI value of 0.85. What does an SPI of 0.85 represent?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Project is moving at a rate of 15% of the original plan
Project is behind schedule by 15%
Project is moving at a rate of 85% of the original plan
Project is moving ahead of schedule by 85%
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
The concept of SPI is that any SPI value less than 1 means the project is not performing as per the plan. An SPI of 0.85 means the project is progressing at a rate of 85% of the original plan.
174A senior stakeholder returned from an industry conference and wants to make a change to the project. He believes the change will give the organization an edge over competition. How should you proceed with this change?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Consult the PMO to check if they agree with senior stakeholder
Consult the project sponsor and ask for guidance
Raise a change request and follow the change control process
Tell the senior member that you can’t accept change as the scope baseline is already defined
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
As this is a formal request by the senior member, the project manager should raise a change request and follow the change control process.
175You are explaining the core values of PMI’s code of ethics and professional conduct to a new team member. Which of the following is NOT a core value of PMI’s code of ethics and professional conduct?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Responsibility
Analysis
Fairness
Honesty
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Analysis is not a core value; the core value is respect.
176Which of the following project management papers is not the responsibility of the project manager?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Team charter
Project management plan
Project charter
Risk register
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
Project Charter is the responsibility of the project sponsor and not the project manager.
177
This is the first time you’ve decided to send project material by road, and you want to estimate the transit time from one project location to another. If you don’t have any historical data to refer to, which is the best technique to estimate the duration of this task?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Bottom-up analysis
Analogous estimation
Parametric estimation
PERT analysis
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
As we do not have any historical data, we cannot go analogous estimation. Parametric estimation is not possible without a dataset, and bottom up estimation is used for estimating work packages and rolling the estimates to level above. Thus, the best choice is to go ahead with PERT analysis.
178During qualitative risk analysis, one of the risks has an 80% probability, and the impact is $10,000. What does $8,000 represent here?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Risk value
Percent value
Contingency value
Expected monetary value
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Expected monetary value is calculated as probability multiplied by the impact amount.
179
A project manager is required to use his interpersonal and team skills throughout the project. He should use his interpersonal skills for all of the following except:
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
To accomplish tasks through relevant stakeholders
Focus on senior managers and other key stakeholders to ensure the project is a success
Focus on improving the efforts of project teams working to achieve a common objective
To build high levels of respect and trust
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
While focusing on senior managers and other key stakeholders is a skill of the project manager, it is not the primary focus.
180A project has a risk that has a 30% chance of occurring in any given month. The project has been running for 18 months, with 10 months already completed. What is the probability of encountering that risk in the 11th month?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
> 45%
<45%
30%
<10%
Correct Option:C
EXPLANATION
If the probability of occurrence is 30% in any month, the probability of occurrence in the 11th month also remains at 30%.
