Test 3 Questions Flashcards
Which process is not a function of the respiratory system?
A) transport of respiratory gases in blood plasma
B) internal respiration
C) pulmonary ventilation
D) exchange of respiratory gases
A) transport of respiratory gases in blood plasma
The walls of the alveoli are composed of type I and II cells. What is the function of type II cells?
A) type II cells function to produce and secrete mucus
B) type II cells function to provide structure to the respiratory membrane
C) type II cells function to produce and secrete surfactant
D) type II cells function to phagocytize infectious microbes
C) type II cells function to produce and secrete surfactant
During inhalation, air enters the lungs as lung volume increases. Why does air move into the lungs?
A) inhalation causes intraplural pressure to be less than atmospheric pressure
B) inhalation causes intrapulmonary pressure to be greater than atmospheric pressure
C) inhalation causes intrapulmonary pressure to be less than atmospheric pressure
D) inhalation causes intrapulmonary pressure to be equal to atmospheric pressure
C) inhalation causes intrapulmonary pressure to be less than atmospheric pressure
Although exhalation is a passive process, it depends in two factors. What two factors govern exhalation?
A) concentration of carbon dioxide rich air in the alveoli
B) recoil action of elastic fibers in the lungs and surface tension caused by attraction of alveolar fluid molecules
C) contraction of respiratory muscles during inhalation and lack of surface tension on the alveolar wall
D) expansion of elastic fibers during inhalation and repelling action of surfactant molecules in alveolar fluid
B) recoil action of elastic fibers in the lungs and surface tension caused by attraction of alveolar fluid molecules
Intrapulmonary pressure is the ___.
A) pressure within the pleural cavity
B) pressure exerted by the atmosphere surrounding the body
C) negative pressure in the pleural cavity
D) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
D) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by ___.
A) decreasing surface tension of the alveolar fluid by interfering with the attraction of water molecules
B) facilitating gas exchange across the respiratory membrane
C) protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration and other environmental variations
D) increasing the surface tension of the alveolar fluid by attracting water molecules together
A) decreasing surface tension of the alveolar fluid by interfering with the attraction of water molecules
Which factor governs the exchange of gases during external respiration?
A) gas solubility in water
B) partial pressure gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide
C) molecular size and weight of oxygen and carbon dioxide
D) temperature of inhaled air and capillary blood
B) partial pressure gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide
How is oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged across the respiratory membrane and cell membrane?
A) active transport
B) diffusion
C) filtration
D) osmosis
B) diffusion
Which statement is TRUE about the pharynx?
A) the oropharynx is lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium
B) the nasopharynx functions to receive air from the Eustachian tube to equalize air pressure in the middle ear
C) the laryngopharynx functions only as a passageway for air to enter the trachea
D) the laryngopharynx is covered by the epiglottis during swallowing
B) the nasopharynx functions to receive air from the Eustachian tube to equalize air pressure in the middle ear
Which structures provide the greatest surface area for gas exchange in the lungs?
A) alveolar sacs
B) alveolar ducts
C) respiratory bronchioles
D) alveoli
D) alveoli
What structures compose the respiratory membranes located in the lungs?
A) respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts
B) simple squamous epithelium of alveoli and endothelium of capillary walls
C) alveolar sacs
D) respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs
B) simple squamous epithelium of alveoli and endothelium of capillary walls
What factors are responsible for creating the force that allows the lungs to remain open and close to the thoracic wall?
A) pressure and volume changes that occur during inhalation and exhalation
B) surface tension of the pleural fluid and negative intrapleural pressure
C) diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
D) elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle tissue of the lungs
B) surface tension of the pleural fluid and negative intrapleural pressure
Inhaled particulate matter, such as dust, is trapped via the ___, which prevents its entry into the lungs.
A) mucus secreted by the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
B) receptors of the olfactory epithelilum
C) non-keratinized stratified columnar epithelium
D) swinging action of the uvula
A) mucus secreted by the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Which process is NOT a function of the kidneys and urinary system?
A) maintains homeostasis by regulating blood composition and volume
B) produces urine to excrete metabolic waste from the body
C) maintains blood osmolarity
D) eliminates carbon dioxide and solid, undigested waste products from the body
D) eliminates carbon dioxide and solid, undigested waste products from the body
Identify the correct pathway of filtrate and urine flow through the urinary system:
A) nephron > renal pelvis > urethra > urinary bladder
B) nephron > renal pelvis > ureter > urinary bladder
C) glomerulus > renal pelvis > urethra > urinary bladder
D) nephron > renal pelvis > urinary bladder > ureter
B) nephron > renal pelvis > ureter > urinary bladder
Water permeability and re-absorption via the cells of the collecting duct are due to an ___.
A) increase in the secretion of antidiuretic hormone
B) decrease in secretion of antidiuretic hormone
C) increase in the secretion of aldosterone
D) decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma
A) increase in the secretion of antidiuretic hormone
