test 3 multiple choice Flashcards
if you know the phenotype of an individual, you ______ know the genotype of that individual
A. never
B. always
C. absolutely
D. may
D. may
if an individual has the genotype Aa, that individual is said to be ______
A. homozygous
B. heterozygous
C. dizygous
D. haploid
B. heterozygous
the _________ hypothesis is the idea that genetic material contributed by two parents mixes (NOT true)
A. particulate
B. blending
C. gene
D. alelle
B. blending
according to Mendell, if two alleles at a locus differ, the _______ allele determines the organism’s appearance
A. larger
B. recessive
C. incomplete
D. dominant
D. dominant
in snapdragons, heterozygotes have pink flowers, whereas homozygotes have red or white flowers. when plants with red flowers are crossed with plants what have pink flowers, what proportion of the offspring will have red flowers
A. 50%
B. 0%
C. 25%
D. 100%
A. 50%
for a given allele frequency in a population, dominant alleles are ________ more prevalent than recessive alleles
A. always
B. sometimes
C. never
D. both are always equal
B. sometimes
dwarfism is caused by a dominant allele and having two dominant alleles is embryonic lethal. if one of your parents has the disease, what is the probability that you will have the disease?
A. 100%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 25%
B. 50%
an individual who has an extra chromosome is said to have _______
A. trisomy
B. monosomy
C. disomy
D. haploid syndrome
A. trisomy
a woman has three daughters. the chance that her next child is a girl is ____
A. 50%
B. 100%
C. 25%
D. 0%
A. 50%
X-linked diseases are more often found in ____________
A. plants
B. females
C. males
D. individuals with poly x syndrome
C. males
in the following cross: AABBCC X aabbcc, what is the probability of the offspring having the genotype AaBbCc?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
D. 100%
two genes that are fund on the same chromosome are said to be _______
A. homologous
B. linked
C. heterozygous
D. recombinant
B. linked
a sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for pointy ears (P) and one for fur length (F). its genotype is PpFf. which of the following genotypes ia a possible gamete from this organism
A. PP
B. PF
C. PpFf
D. Ff
B. PF
the following is a map of 4 genes on a chromosome
A___5_________W__3__E_______12________G
between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombinations?
A. A and W
B. W and E
C. E and G
D. A and G
D. A and G
a _______occurs when chromosomal fragment is lost
A. deletion
B. duplication
C. inversion
D. translocation
A. deletion
when the fragment is joined to a non-homologous chromosome, this type of rearrangement is called a _____
A. deletion
B. duplication
C. inversion
D. translocation
D. translocation
an individual who has a genotype AABB for two genes is said to be _______
A. heterozygous
B. true breeding
C. a hybrid
D. homozygous recessive
B. true breeding
a new DNA strand elongates in the 5’ to 3’ direction because :
A. DNA polymerase begins adding nucleotides at the end of the 5’ template
B. Okazaki fragments prevent elongation in the 3’ to 5’ direction
C. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free3’ end
D. replication must progress towards the replication fork
C. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free3’ end
adenine makes up 20% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. approximately what percentage of the nucleotides will be cytosine
A. 20
B. 40
C. 60
D.30
D. 30
what is the complementary strand
3’ ATTAGCGCCCGGTA 5’
A. 3’ TAATCGCGGGCCAT 5’
B. 3’ ATTAGCGCCCGGTA 5’
C. 5’ GCCGATATTTAACG 3’
D. 5’ TAATCGCGGGCCAT 3’
D. 5’ TAATCGCGGGCCAT 3’
______ is the synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA
A. replication
B. transformation
C. transcription
D. translation
C. transcription
________ is the RNA-directed synthesis of a polypeptide
A. replication
B. transformation
C. transcription
D. translation
D. translation
this codon initiates the start of translation and ensures the appropriate reading frame is used
A. AUT
B. UUG
C. UCA
D. AUG
D. AUG
__________ is a process by which cells become specialized in structure and function
A. transformation
B. morphogenesis
C. differentiation
D. mitosis
C. differentiation
the product of the Bicoid gene determines the anterior end of a fruit fly. the Bicoid gene is considered a __________
A. promoter
B. morphogen
C. mutagen
D. histone
B. morphogen
