Test 2: lecture ANS Flashcards
autonomic nervous system is broken into ___
parasympathetic (rest and digest)
sympathetic (fight or flight)
enteric
the vagus nerve is CN10 which is part of the ___ nervous system
parasympathetic (rest and digest)
the autonomic nervous system innervates ___
visceral organs, smooth and cardiac muscle and glands and adipose tissue
involuntary system
the ANS mediates ___
homeostasis
The ANS has visceral ____ and visceral ___ neurons which function in visceral reflexes
sensory and motor
the ANS takes at least two ___ connected in series to innervate organs. This necessitates the use of ___
motor neurons
peripheral ganglia
sympathetic (fight or flight)
- has one long and one medium axon (ganglion away form target organ)
parasympathetic(rest and digest
(one long axon, ganglion usually on or very close to target organ, and one very short axon
sympathetic NS has one long and ___ axon (ganglion ___ form target organ)
one medium axon
is away
sympathetic= fight or flight = splanchnic nerves
parasympathetic NS has one long axon, ganglion ___ to target organ, and one ___ axon
usually on or very close
very short
parasympathetic = rest and digest
vagus and pelvic nerve
organs have dual innervation meaning they have branches from the ___ and ___
parasympathetic (rest and digest- vagus and pelvic))
sympathetic (fight or flight- splanchnic)
a collection of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system
ganglion
___ maintenance of critical physiological parameters of the internal environment within the limits compatible with life
homeostasis
rest and digest
parasympathetic division of the ANS
parasympathetic division of the ANS promotes digestion, ___ and storage, protective- miosis, contriction of pupil
absorption
___ conserves and restores energy reserves (anabolic)
parasympathetic division (rest and digest)
___ is the constriction of the pupil and is controlled by the ___
miosis
parasympathetic division of the ANS (rest and digest)
___ prepares the body for action, fight or flight
sympathetic division
sympathetic division uses energy stores (____)
catabolic
___ mediates responses to stress
sympathetic division (fight or flight)
what organs only have sympathetic innervation
sweat glands, arrector pili muscles of hair, vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland and adipose tissue
(only fight or flight response)
ANS and erectile tissue
parasympathetic: will cause vasodilation in erectile tissue
sympathetic: will cause ejaculation
parasympathtic is also called the ___ divison
cranial, sacral division (cell bodies are in the cervical or sacral spinal cord and travel down or up to get to the abdomen)
vagosympathetic trunk → through the middle cervical ganglion → vagus from the top
from the bottom: pelvic nerve to pelvic plexus up through the hypogastric nerve
sympathetic is called the ___ division
thoracic lumbar
come from vagosympathetic trunk divides at the middle cervical ganglion into the ansa subclavia into the cervicothoracic ganglion down the sympathetic trunk, over through the splanchnic nerves into the celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion in the celiacomesenteric plexus
or over into the caudal mesenteric plexus and ganglion down through the hypogastric nerve to the pelvic plexus
sympathetic ganglion are found ___ and ___
T1-L4
outside away from target organ (middle cervical ganglion, cerviothoracic ganglion, celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion (in the celiacomesenteric plexus), caudal mesenteric ganglion (in the caudal mesenteric ganglion), pelvic ganglion in the pelvic plexus
parasympathetic ganglion are found ___
in the spinal cord CN 3,7,9, 10 and the sacral spinal
second ganglion usually right next to target organ (usually can’t be seen)
vagus nerve, pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve
sensory neurons in the ANS have ___ neuron to reach the CNS
one
(visceral afferent= from organ to brain= sensory)
the preganglionic axon in the ANS reacts ___, the postganglionic axon is ___ and is ___ moving
slowly,
un myelinated
very slow moving
(visceral efferent =visceral motor = from brain to intestines)
craniosacral division is also called the
parasympathethic (rest and digest)
Thoracolumbar division is also called the ___
sympathetic (fight or flight)
the sympathetic division has ___ ganglion and ___ ganglion
paravertebral ganglion on the sympathtic trunk
prevertebral ganglion (celiac ganglion, cranial and caudal mesenteric ganglion, pelvic ganglion)
parasympathetic division has ___ and ___ ganglion
head
terminal (enteric) ganglion on or right next to target organ
Most of the nerves in the parasympathetic division are ____ because the second ganglion is on or right next to target organ
preganglionic
(post ganglionic axon-very tiny usually within target organ wall)
The celiac plexus has parasympathetic branches that innervate the ___
stomach spleen liver
the cranial mesenteric plexus have parasympathetic nerves that innervate the ___
all other intestinal stuff except for
stomach, spleen and liver (supplied by the celiac plexus)
distal colon (supplied by the pelvic plexus)
the sympathetic chain is linked to thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves via the ___ which have within them both pre and post ganglionic sympathetic axons.
communicating rami
the ramus commincans branches off of ___ to lead to the ___ and contains
ventral ramus
sympathetic trunk
mixed nerve (both sensory and motor axons)
there are two branches off the spinal cord which one has a ganglion and what type of nerves does it carry
dorsal and ventral
dorsal root ganglion (sensory only)
Ventral root (motor only)
when will somatic motor nerves “turn around”
VE axons (visceral efferent- part of the sympathetic NS (fight or flight))
will come out of ventral root, down communicating ramus, synapse on the paravertebral ganglion turn around and then come out later to innervate skin (blood vessels, sweat glands, arrector pili muscle)
splanchnic nerve pre or post ganglionic?
pre (will synapse at a preverteral ganglion (away from spinal cord))
splanchnic= sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)
where will splanchnic nerves synapse?
cervicothoracic ganglion
celiac ganglion
cranial and caudal ganglion
pelvic ganglion
somatic afferent are ___
sensory
(come from outside to brain (will go through dorsal root ganglion into the spinal cord)
visceral afferent are
sensory from the organs to the brain
visceral reflexes
will travel through the dorsal root ganglion, dorsal root and into the spinal cord
sympathetic: the post ganglionic neuron releases what ___
neuroepinephrine
parasympathetic disivision orginated from the cranial nerves ___ and the ___
3,7,9 and 10
sacral spinal cord
(craniosacral division)
sympathetic division originated from the ___ of the spinal cord
thoracic and upper lumbar segments
skin only gets sympathetic or parasympathetic from the ANS?
sympathetic (fight or flight only)
true or false the adrenal gland only receives parasympathetic innervation from the ANS
false
sympathetic only: fight or flight only
