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21 fall: Anatomy > Test 2: lecture ANS > Flashcards

Test 2: lecture ANS Flashcards

1
Q

autonomic nervous system is broken into ___

A

parasympathetic (rest and digest)
sympathetic (fight or flight)
enteric

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2
Q

the vagus nerve is CN10 which is part of the ___ nervous system

A

parasympathetic (rest and digest)

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3
Q

the autonomic nervous system innervates ___

A

visceral organs, smooth and cardiac muscle and glands and adipose tissue

involuntary system

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4
Q

the ANS mediates ___

A

homeostasis

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5
Q

The ANS has visceral ____ and visceral ___ neurons which function in visceral reflexes

A

sensory and motor

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6
Q

the ANS takes at least two ___ connected in series to innervate organs. This necessitates the use of ___

A

motor neurons

peripheral ganglia

sympathetic (fight or flight)

  • has one long and one medium axon (ganglion away form target organ)

parasympathetic(rest and digest

(one long axon, ganglion usually on or very close to target organ, and one very short axon

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7
Q

sympathetic NS has one long and ___ axon (ganglion ___ form target organ)

A

one medium axon

is away

sympathetic= fight or flight = splanchnic nerves

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8
Q

parasympathetic NS has one long axon, ganglion ___ to target organ, and one ___ axon

A

usually on or very close

very short

parasympathetic = rest and digest

vagus and pelvic nerve

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9
Q

organs have dual innervation meaning they have branches from the ___ and ___

A

parasympathetic (rest and digest- vagus and pelvic))

sympathetic (fight or flight- splanchnic)

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10
Q

a collection of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

A

ganglion

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11
Q

___ maintenance of critical physiological parameters of the internal environment within the limits compatible with life

A

homeostasis

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12
Q

rest and digest

A

parasympathetic division of the ANS

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13
Q

parasympathetic division of the ANS promotes digestion, ___ and storage, protective- miosis, contriction of pupil

A

absorption

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14
Q

___ conserves and restores energy reserves (anabolic)

A

parasympathetic division (rest and digest)

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15
Q

___ is the constriction of the pupil and is controlled by the ___

A

miosis

parasympathetic division of the ANS (rest and digest)

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16
Q

___ prepares the body for action, fight or flight

A

sympathetic division

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17
Q

sympathetic division uses energy stores (____)

A

catabolic

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18
Q

___ mediates responses to stress

A

sympathetic division (fight or flight)

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19
Q

what organs only have sympathetic innervation

A

sweat glands, arrector pili muscles of hair, vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland and adipose tissue

(only fight or flight response)

20
Q

ANS and erectile tissue

A

parasympathetic: will cause vasodilation in erectile tissue
sympathetic: will cause ejaculation

21
Q

parasympathtic is also called the ___ divison

A

cranial, sacral division (cell bodies are in the cervical or sacral spinal cord and travel down or up to get to the abdomen)

vagosympathetic trunk → through the middle cervical ganglion → vagus from the top

from the bottom: pelvic nerve to pelvic plexus up through the hypogastric nerve

22
Q

sympathetic is called the ___ division

A

thoracic lumbar

come from vagosympathetic trunk divides at the middle cervical ganglion into the ansa subclavia into the cervicothoracic ganglion down the sympathetic trunk, over through the splanchnic nerves into the celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion in the celiacomesenteric plexus

or over into the caudal mesenteric plexus and ganglion down through the hypogastric nerve to the pelvic plexus

23
Q

sympathetic ganglion are found ___ and ___

A

T1-L4

outside away from target organ (middle cervical ganglion, cerviothoracic ganglion, celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion (in the celiacomesenteric plexus), caudal mesenteric ganglion (in the caudal mesenteric ganglion), pelvic ganglion in the pelvic plexus

24
Q

parasympathetic ganglion are found ___

A

in the spinal cord CN 3,7,9, 10 and the sacral spinal

second ganglion usually right next to target organ (usually can’t be seen)

vagus nerve, pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve

25
Q

sensory neurons in the ANS have ___ neuron to reach the CNS

A

one

(visceral afferent= from organ to brain= sensory)

26
Q

the preganglionic axon in the ANS reacts ___, the postganglionic axon is ___ and is ___ moving

A

slowly,

un myelinated

very slow moving

(visceral efferent =visceral motor = from brain to intestines)

27
Q

craniosacral division is also called the

A

parasympathethic (rest and digest)

28
Q

Thoracolumbar division is also called the ___

A

sympathetic (fight or flight)

29
Q

the sympathetic division has ___ ganglion and ___ ganglion

A

paravertebral ganglion on the sympathtic trunk

prevertebral ganglion (celiac ganglion, cranial and caudal mesenteric ganglion, pelvic ganglion)

30
Q

parasympathetic division has ___ and ___ ganglion

A

head

terminal (enteric) ganglion on or right next to target organ

31
Q

Most of the nerves in the parasympathetic division are ____ because the second ganglion is on or right next to target organ

A

preganglionic

(post ganglionic axon-very tiny usually within target organ wall)

32
Q

The celiac plexus has parasympathetic branches that innervate the ___

A

stomach spleen liver

33
Q

the cranial mesenteric plexus have parasympathetic nerves that innervate the ___

A

all other intestinal stuff except for

stomach, spleen and liver (supplied by the celiac plexus)

distal colon (supplied by the pelvic plexus)

34
Q

the sympathetic chain is linked to thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves via the ___ which have within them both pre and post ganglionic sympathetic axons.

A

communicating rami

35
Q

the ramus commincans branches off of ___ to lead to the ___ and contains

A

ventral ramus

sympathetic trunk

mixed nerve (both sensory and motor axons)

36
Q

there are two branches off the spinal cord which one has a ganglion and what type of nerves does it carry

A

dorsal and ventral

dorsal root ganglion (sensory only)

Ventral root (motor only)

37
Q

when will somatic motor nerves “turn around”

A

VE axons (visceral efferent- part of the sympathetic NS (fight or flight))

will come out of ventral root, down communicating ramus, synapse on the paravertebral ganglion turn around and then come out later to innervate skin (blood vessels, sweat glands, arrector pili muscle)

38
Q

splanchnic nerve pre or post ganglionic?

A

pre (will synapse at a preverteral ganglion (away from spinal cord))

splanchnic= sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)

39
Q

where will splanchnic nerves synapse?

A

cervicothoracic ganglion

celiac ganglion

cranial and caudal ganglion

pelvic ganglion

40
Q

somatic afferent are ___

A

sensory

(come from outside to brain (will go through dorsal root ganglion into the spinal cord)

41
Q

visceral afferent are

A

sensory from the organs to the brain

visceral reflexes

will travel through the dorsal root ganglion, dorsal root and into the spinal cord

42
Q

sympathetic: the post ganglionic neuron releases what ___

A

neuroepinephrine

43
Q

parasympathetic disivision orginated from the cranial nerves ___ and the ___

A

3,7,9 and 10

sacral spinal cord

(craniosacral division)

44
Q

sympathetic division originated from the ___ of the spinal cord

A

thoracic and upper lumbar segments

45
Q

skin only gets sympathetic or parasympathetic from the ANS?

A

sympathetic (fight or flight only)

46
Q

true or false the adrenal gland only receives parasympathetic innervation from the ANS

A

false

sympathetic only: fight or flight only

21 fall: Anatomy (22 decks)

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