front leg muscles Flashcards
Deltoideus
Origins: spine and acromial process of the scapula
Insertion: the deltoid tuberosity
Action: to flex the shoulder
Innervation: axillary nerve
Infraspinatus
Origins: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: the lateral side of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: to extend or flex the joint, depending on the degree of extension or position of the joint when the muscle contracts. To abduct the shoulder and to rotate the humerus laterally. To prevent medial rotation when weight bearing and provide lateral stability to the shoulder joint
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
teres minor
Origins: infraglenoid tubercle and distal third of the caudal border of the scapula
Insertion: the teres minor tuberosity of the humerus (near greater tubercle)
Action: to flex the shoulder, rotate the shoulder laterally and prevent medial rotation when bearing weight
Innervation: axillary nerve
supraspinatus
Origins: the supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: the greater tubercle of the humerus, by a thick tendon
Action: to extend and stabilize the shoulder joint
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Subscapularis
Origins: the subscapular fossa
Insertion: the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: to adduct, extend, and medially stabilize the shoulder joint. To rotate the shoulder medially and prevent lateral rotation when bearing weight
Innervation: subscapular nerve
teres major
Origins: the caudal angle and adjacent caudal border of the scapula; the caudal surface of the subscapularis
Insertion: (medial side near lesser tubercle) teres major tuberosity on humerus
Action: flex the shoulder joint, rotate the shoulder joint medially, and prevent lateral rotation when bearing weight
Innervation: axillary nerve
tricpes brachii Long head
Origins: caudal border of the scapula
Insertion: the olecranon tuber
Action: to extend the elbow and flex the shoulder joint
Innervation: radial nerve
triceps brachii lateral head
Origins: tricipital line of the humerus (lateral side between teres minor and deltoid tuberosity)
Insertion: the olecranon tuber
Action: to extend the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve
triceps brachii accessory head
Origins: neck of the humerus
Insertion: the olecranon tuber
Action: to extend the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve
Triceps brachii medial head
Origins: the crest of the lesser tubercle near the teres major tuberosity
Insertion: the olecranon tuber
Action: to extend the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve
Anconeus
Origins: the lateral supracondylar crest of the lateral and medial epicondyles of the humerus
Insertion: the lateral surface of the proximal end of the ulna (olecranon)
Action: to extend the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve
Brachialis
Origins: the proximal third of the lateral surface of the humerus
Insertion: the ulnar and radial tuberosities (medial near head)
Action: to flex the elbow joint
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
biceps brachii
Origins: the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Insertion: the ulna and radial tuberosities (medial side of bones)
Action: to flex the elbow joint and extend the shoulder joint
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
extensor carpi radialis
Origins: the lateral supracondylar crest of humerus
Insertion: the small tuberosities of the dorsal surfaces of the base of the metacarpals II and III
Action: to extend the carpal joint
Innervation: radial nerve
Common digital extensor
Origins: the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: the extensor processes of the distal phalanges of digit II, III, IV and V
Action: to extend the joints of the four principal digits and the carpus
Innervation: radial nerve