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Fall 23: repro > Test 2: 20 camelid > Flashcards

Test 2: 20 camelid Flashcards

1
Q

castrated alpaca is called

A

wether or gelding

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2
Q

castrated llama is called

A

gelding

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3
Q

sperm production in camelids start

A

early as 10-12 months and is well established by 18-24 months of age.

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4
Q

male camelids urinate —

A

posteriorly

  • when aroused the opening with reorient cranially by the protractor preputial muscle extruding the penis
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5
Q

type of penis for camelid

A
  • fibroelastic with sigmoid flexure
  • hooked shaped glans penis
  • inserts into uterus during mating
  • penis attached to prepuce for 3 years
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6
Q

mating behavior of camelids

A
  • male chases female until she cushes
  • 5-65 mins (20-25 mins)
  • males will orgle
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7
Q

4 common caused of poor semem quality in camelids

A

heat stress/hydrocoele
testicular hypoplasia
cryptorchidism
orchitis

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8
Q

average size of testicle in llama and alpace

A

llama: 5x3 cm (LxW)
alpaca: 4.5x2.5 cm (LxW)

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9
Q

how to do semen collection in camelids

A

allow them to mate then suction semen out of female
* electro can be used under heavy sedation or general anesthesia
* dummy females can be used but expensive

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10
Q

how to evaluate camelid sperm

A

very viscous- sperm can’t move
* add enzyme (papain) to reduce viscosity
* can not wait for liquefaction- takes hours and sperm would die

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11
Q

female alpaca

A

hembra

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12
Q

female llama

A

dam

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13
Q

which animals insert into the uterus during mating

A

camelids
horse-stallion

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14
Q

which animals have a oviductal papilla

A

horse and camelids

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15
Q

size of ovaries in camelids

A

thumb sized
2.5 x 1 x 1 cm

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16
Q

how to cow uterus different from camelids

A

camelids have a large ovarian bursa, absence of intercornual ligaments and well developed papillae at uterotubal junction and a cervix with a single spiral fold giving the appearance of 2-3 cervical rings.

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17
Q

camelids have a longer — uterine horn

A

left

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18
Q

how to exam cervix in camelid

A

need speculum or endoscope
* they have long vesibule/vaginas

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19
Q

when to 1st breed camelids

A

2/3 mature weight
(12-18 months)

20
Q

what kind of ovulation for camelid

A

induced ovulators
* like a cat

21
Q

follicular pattern for camelids

A

constant waves of follicles- making estrogen → receptive to the males most of the time → induced ovulators

22
Q

what causes ovulation in camelids

A

semen has ovulation-inducing factor/betaNGF that causes an LH surge 30 hrs after mating

23
Q

if follicle < 7mm and camelid is breed what will happen

A

nothing- will remain receptive to male

24
Q

if follicle is >7 mm and in growth phase what will happen after mating in camelids

A

mating will cause ovulation and fertilization will take place
* LH will cause follicle to produce progesterone- not receptive to the male
* if they did not conceive- will return to receptivity in 12 days

25
Q

if follicle is >7 mm but in regression phase what will happen after mating

A

follicle will leutinize, and make progesterone for 5 days, but then it will regress and the camelid will become receptive again

26
Q

female camelids that ovulate but fail to conceive will become receptive again after

A

12 days post ovulation

27
Q

Ovulation does not occur
if the follicle is — or if the follicle is
in the — phase of
the follicular wave

A

small (< 7mm)

regression

28
Q

Follicles > 7 mm in the regression phase of the follicular wave will
luteinize and secrete —

A

progesterone for 5 days.

29
Q

how are cats and camelids different

A

both induced ovulators
but repeated matings will not result in more LH or more ovulations in camelids

30
Q

breeding season for camelids

A

non seasonal breeders- can breed at any time
* try not to breed when very hot or very cold- 12 months pregnancy

31
Q

how to breed camelids

A
32
Q

female bred on may 1st. spits off male on may 8th. receptive and rebred on may 15th. Which are correct on May 15 before the 2nd breeding
1. pregnant
2. not pregnant
3. ovulated follicle following the may 1st breeding but failed to become pregnant
4. luteinized a follicle following the may 1st breeding
5. both 2 and 3

A

both 2 and 3

  • ovulated follicle will make progesterone for 12 days
  • not 4 cause leutinized follicle will only make progesterone for 5 days- would have been recepetive on May 8th
33
Q

— are dependent on CL throughout pregnancy

A

camelids, pigs, goats

34
Q

Check pregnant females regularly as significant fetal losses occur up to — of gestation

A

90 days

35
Q

how to diagnose pregnancy in camelids

A
  • sexual behavior- progesterone = not receptive
  • progesterone concentration
  • US- 3 weeks rectal
  • rectal palpation- 35 days
  • ballotment
36
Q

newborn camelids are covered in

A

cria- epidermal membrane

37
Q

what kind of placenta for camelids

A
  • Diffuse, microcotyledonary, epitheliochorial, and non- deciduate
  • The amnion is closely adhered to the allantochorion
38
Q

what species have a placenta similar to a camelid

A

mare-
Diffuse, microcotyledonary, epitheliochorial, and non- deciduate

39
Q

when to rebred a camelid that just gave birth

A

over 20 days, uterine involution

40
Q

uterine torsion occurs when in camelids

A

late term- 8 months- term (330 days)
* need rectal to diagnose cause torsion in front of cervix

41
Q

how to treat persistant corpus luteum

A

give prostaglandin

42
Q

4 physiologic causes of fertility issues in camelids

A
  • persistant corpus luteum
  • ovulation failure
  • hemorrhagic cyst- >35 mm
  • cystic follicle (>12mm)- regress on their own
43
Q

how to treat intrauterine infections in mare, camelid and cow

A

mare and camelid- lavage uterus, place catheter into uterus and give antibiotics

cow- stimulate uterus to contract- oxytocin- prostaglandins- systemic antibiotics

44
Q

CL on US of camelid

A

white line surrounded by black

  • different from other CL that are usually white
45
Q

non infectious causes of abortions in camelids

A

twins?, heat stress, physiologic stress, toxic chemicals, poisonous plants, anaphylaxis, vitamin deficiency (A,E, copper, iodine, selenium)

46
Q

infectious causes of abortion in camelids

A

lepto
toxoplasmosis
chlamydia

Fall 23: repro (21 decks)

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