Test 2:18 Flashcards
why can estrus be missed in a horse
- some mares only show for very short time
- suboptimal conditions
- people detecting do not know what to look for
signs of estrus in horse
splayed legs
tail lifted to the side
relaxed ears and neck
flex one forelimb and look backwards
what is incest avoidance
given a choice, mare will breed with the most distantly related stallion
if horse has performance issues when in estrus, will they improve during the winter
not really, during winter in anestrus= no progesterone
this lack of progesterone can make them receptive (estrus like)
weird behavior of mare with granulosa cell tumor
smell stallion pee
step over it and pee again
how to supress estrous cycle in mares
- progesterone
- glass marbles no longer used
- oxytocin to prolonged CL
- ovariectomy
- PGF2a, hCG
- long acting tranquilizers
normal mare behavior with foal
- attention to the foal
- avoiding walking or lying on neonate
- allowing/facilitating nursing
- protection
how to stimulate foal to suckle
stimulate perineum/anus
when does selective bonding occur in horses
mares- several hours-24 hrs
foals- takes longer- 2-3 days
what is tending
mare will stay next to foal that is laying down and eat/graze around the foal
* protecting foal
6 behaviors of “rejecting a foal”
- simple ambivalence
- normally strong protectiveness- got scared and accidently hurt foal
- fear of neonate
- nursing only problems
- savage attack
- stealing neonate
how to hand rear a foal
- minimize human contact
- bucket feeding
- maximum normal social behavior with other horse/donkey/goat
normal sexual behavior of stallion for hand-breeding
- immediate interest in mare
- vocalization, nuzzling, flehman
- erection within 2 mins
- 6-8 thusts to ejaculation
- mare usually walks out to dismount
