Test 1: 3 breeding soundness Flashcards
when to do breeding soundness exam
prepurchase
prebreeding
infertility
what side of horse if palpating with right hand
left, with handler on same side
steps of breeding soundness exam
- External genitalia
- Palpation per rectum
- Ultrasonography per rectum
- Aerobic culture of endometrial swab
- Cytological evaluation of endometrial swab
- Histology of endometrial biopsy
- Manual vaginal examination
- Visual vaginal examination
windsucker test is for
competency of the vestibulovaginal fold/ring- detect pneumovagina
corpus luteum will look — on ultrasound
hyperechoic (brighter white) and is readily apparent
follicle will look — on ultrasound
anechoic (black)
Remember since all ovulations in the mare take place through the ovulation fossa we can not feel a — or a —
ovulation papilla or the corpus luteum.
A heart beat would be present in a normal — day embryo.
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It is critical to use a — swab to prevent capturing microorganisms from the caudal genital tract and the environment when taking an aerobic culture swab from the uterus
guarded or even a double guarded occluded
after you take swab, it should be placed in
Culturette-Stuart’s Media/transport media
4 most common pathogens in the uterus
- β-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. (Strep. zooepidemicus, Strep. equisimilis)
- E. coli
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Yeast, fungus
It is preferred that endometrial biopsy samples be fixed in —
Bouin’s fixative
category I endometrial sample
minimal changes
* 80-90% foaling rate
category III endometrial score
severe changes
- less then 10% foaling rate
