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History > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an absolute monarchy

A

where the king or queen had absolute power within their borders and wanted to control every aspect of society

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2
Q

Divine right of kings

A

Kings represented God on earth so people must obey without question

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3
Q

What were the benefits of absolute monarchy

A

clear decision maker, stability with clear leader in the future

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4
Q

disadvantages of absolute monarchy

A

lack of citizen participation, lack of citizen choice and right, infrequent/erratic change in leaders

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5
Q

Where did absolute monarchies want to control

A
  1. Government 2,Nobility 3. economics 4. power
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6
Q

T or F: The magma carter was meant to be temporary

A

True

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7
Q

Why did king Henry want to divorce his first wife, then what happened

A

she couldn’t have a son and he asked the pope to authorize a divorce and he wouldn’t so Henry made his own church to authorize his divorce

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8
Q

What happened to the crown after Jane died

A

It went to the son Edward but he had a childhood disease so he died soon after so it went to the first wife of Henry but she was catholic so it became a catholic nation

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9
Q

What happened to the crown after Jane died

A

It went to the son Edward but he had a childhood disease so he died soon after so it went to the first wife of Henry but she was catholic so it became a catholic nation

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10
Q

What happens after Elizabeth 1 dies

A

she has no heirs so it goes to James 1 of Scotland to become the english king

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11
Q

What did Charles 1 want to do with the goverment

A

He wanted to strengthen the monarchy at the expense of parliament and believed in the divine right of kings

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12
Q

What was the main cause of the English Civil war

A

Charles 1 tried to collect taxes without alerting the parliment

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13
Q

What was the petition of the right

A

a document created by parliament in attempt to limit the power of King Charles who was ruling without the consent of parliament

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14
Q

how did Charles 1 react to petition of the right

A

he ignored it

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15
Q

In the English civil war what was parliaments army called

A

New model army (roundheads)

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16
Q

In the English civil war what was kings army called

A

Cavaliers

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17
Q

What book did John Locke write, what did it say

A

two treaties of government, every person was free and equal under the law of nature

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18
Q

What did John lock believe in (two things)

A

Natural rights, social contract theory (leader expected to fulfill rights without you giving them up)

19
Q

What did Thomas Hobbes write

A

Leviathan

20
Q

What government did Thomas Hobbes like

A

absolute monarchy

21
Q

What was Thomas Hobbes social contract theory

A

Giving up right for the king

22
Q

Whats another word for Age of reason

A

the enlightment

23
Q

What was the Enlightment

A

it was based on observation and willingness to question what was already assumed especially questioning absolutism

24
Q

What did the philosophies do

A

an enlightenment group in France that believed by using reason one could reform government, law, and society

25
Q

Who was Montesquieu and what did he write

A

a influential thinker who studied the governments in Europe, he wrote spirit of the laws, he believed in dividing government up into 3 categories and the separation of power

26
Q

Who was Rousseau and what book did he write

A

he WROTE the social contract saying that controls over society should be minimal and only freely elected officials could impose these controls

27
Q

popular sovereignty

A

people ruled themselves (through representatives)

28
Q

Rousseau theory of general will

A

Government is legit if it follows the general will of the people but if government places itself above law it loses all legitimacy

29
Q

What did Mary Wollstonecraft believe/not believe in

A

the enlightenment slogan “free and equal” did not apply to women, she challenged these ideas by arguing being a mother is a women’s 1st duty but she should be able to make decisions independent from her husband

30
Q

Who wrote “ a vindication of the rights of women”

A

Mary wollstonecraft

31
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

The government is created by and subject to the will of the people

32
Q

What big event caused Oliver Cromwell to come to power as a military dictator

A

English civil war

33
Q

after Cromwell dies who restored the monarchy,

A

Charles ll

34
Q

James l came to the throne after Elizabeth l and also authored a book explaining

A

divine right of absloute monarchy

35
Q

Who wrote Leviathan and what did it say,

A

Thomas hobbes, it argues for a social contract and popular sovereignty

36
Q

Whats was thomas hobbes view of humankind

A

they were evil and war bound and needed a monarch to control them and keep them in check

37
Q

What was thomas hobbes social contract theory

A

you give up all your right to the king because he will then deliver your natural rights

38
Q

who believed in tablu rusa and what did it say

A

John locke, everyone was born with a blank slate and was corrupted by society

39
Q

what book did Montesquieu write and what was it about

A

Spirit of the laws, it was about checks and balances and the 3 types of goverment

40
Q

Who wrote social contract theory and what did it say

A

Rousseau, people are born with certain rights and a leader is expected to fufill them

41
Q

Who believed in general will of the people

A

Rousseau

42
Q

Who wrote the vindication of the rights of a women.

A

Mary willstonecraft

43
Q

who wrote life liberty and the persut of property

A

john locke

History (23 decks)

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