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History > French rev. notes > Flashcards

French rev. notes Flashcards

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1
Q

Whats and estate

A

Social class

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2
Q

Whats the first estate made up of

A

Priests monks bishops archbishops and cardinals

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3
Q

what percent of the population was the first estate

A

less than 1% of the population

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4
Q

what percent of land did the first estate own

A

10%

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5
Q

what taxes did the first estate pay

A

none

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6
Q

what was the 2nd estate made up of

A

nobility, most were titiled/ came from famous families or wealthy families

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7
Q

what percent of the population was the 2nd estate

A

2%

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8
Q

what estate heild high government and military posts

A

2nd estate

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9
Q

what estate owned most of the land in france

A

2nd estate

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10
Q

what taxes did 2nd estate pay

A

little taxes and many privileges

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11
Q

who made up the third estate

A

majority of people

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12
Q

what percent of land did the 3rd estate own

A

25%

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13
Q

what people were in the 3rd estate

A

peasants, merchants, dentists, artisians, bourgeosisie

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14
Q

name 4 short term causes of french rev.

A

1.financial fallout from the french involvement in the american revolution, 2.influence of american rev.,
3.bad harvest led to food shortages in 1788-1789,
4.nobles refusing to accept new tax codes without calling estates general

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15
Q

5 long term causes of french rev

A
  1. encouragement and spread of enlightenment ideas and institutions that questioned the justification of traditional authority
  2. Growth of the middle class whose wealth was not matched by political influence or social stats
    3, financial mismanagement of government resources leading to unmanageable dept
  3. growing sentiment that the king was a man like any other
    5, inequality of the 3 estates
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16
Q

what were the sans- colottes

A

the partisan poor

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17
Q

committee of public safety

A

established in April 1793, 12 member executive government during reign of terror

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18
Q

What was the thermidorian reaction (1794-1795)

A

July 26th- Robespierre gave a speech illustrating new plots and conspirices, it alienated many members of the committee of public safety and were threatened by his implications, July 27th the conventions arrested Robespierre and on the 28th he was tried and guillotined.

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19
Q

Whats directory rule

A

Constitution of 1795
republic -> directory
5 main directory with a 2 house legisture

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20
Q

What was the first phase of the french rev

A

moderate phase, national assembly turned France into constitutional monarchy also called liberal phrase

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21
Q

What was the second phase of the french rev

A

The radical phase of escalating violence led to the end of the monarchy and a reign of terror and the creation of the first french republic`

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22
Q

what was the third phase of the french rev

A

a reaction to the extremism known as the directory this committee controlled the government (similar to legislative branch)

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23
Q

what was the fourth phase of the french rev.

A

age of napoleon, created a french empire in Europe

24
Q

who is a good example of an enlightened despot

A

napoleon

25
Q

where was napoleon born and what year

A

corsica 1769

26
Q

what type of education did napoleon get

A

military

27
Q

What year was napoleons Egyptian expedition

A

1798

28
Q

Why did napoleon want to seize egypt

A

undermine Britian access to India

29
Q

Did napoleon get control of Egypt

A

yes

30
Q

When napoleon conqured Egypt who did he bring with him

A

scientists

31
Q

What did the scientists in egypt do

A

study pyrimids, discovered rosetts stone

32
Q

What happened when napoleon and his troops got stranded in egypt

A

they snuck past a british blockade in the med. and returned to paris

33
Q

What did napoleon do when he took over the directory

A

set up three man consult; himself as the first consult

34
Q

Name the 6 categories of napoleons reforms

A
  1. class system
  2. economy
    3, education
  3. goverment
  4. laws
  5. religion
35
Q

Name napoleons reforms in the class system

A

1.emigrets could return if they swore loyalty to the new goverment
2. Peasants kept lands they had bought from church and nobles
3. new nobility established through meritocracy

36
Q

Name napoleons reforms in economy

A

1, controlled prices
2. encouraged industrial growth
3. strengthened the nations infrastructure

37
Q

Name napoleons reforms in education

A

nationally controlled public schools

38
Q

Name napoleons reforms in laws (Napoleonic code)

A
  1. Equality before the law
  2. religious tolerance
  3. end to feudalism
    (but women lost many of their rights)
39
Q

Name Napoleons religious reforms

A
  1. church under government control
  2. religious freedom
40
Q

whats nepotism

A

napoleon placed puppet rulers (his relatives) on conquered thrones

41
Q

what happened after France tried to invade great Britain

A

Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated him at the battle of Trafalgar and Nelson was killed in a naval battle

42
Q

what happened after Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated him at the battle of Trafalgar

A

Napoleon struck back with continental system

43
Q

what was the continental system

A

no trade between the European continent and great Britain, this was a form of economic warfare

44
Q

How did Great Britain respond to continental system

A

They set up blockades

45
Q

why did continental system fail

A

European countries wanted and needed trade

46
Q

What was 6 ways Napoleon spread revolution

A
  1. spread it to his grande armee
    2.brought revolutionary ideas to conquered lands
    3.abolished nobility and feudalism
    4.set up meritocracies
  2. ended church privileges
  3. Napoleonic code spread to areas beyond french empire
47
Q

Who hated the continental system

A

Europeans

48
Q

what did local rulers form to maintain power

A

juntas

49
Q

Review timeline in notes

A

-

50
Q

Napolons invasion of russia review in notes

A

-

51
Q

review naopleons abdication in notes

A

-

52
Q

the hundread days

A

march 20th 1815 napolon marched triumphantly into paris june 18th battle of waterloo (belgium) napolon was defeated and exiled to st.helena off the africian coast

53
Q

3 pros of napolons legacy

A

established meritocracy
heild plebiscites
spread revolutionary ideas

54
Q

3 cons of napolons legacy

A

absloute ruler
ruled empire with puppets
took away many rights of women

55
Q

who destroyed the holy roman empire

A

napoleon

56
Q

what did the holy roman empire turn into

A

germany

57
Q

congress of vienna

A

1814-1815
austria great britain prussia and russia sought to restore old regime and establish balance of power

History (23 decks)

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