test 1 (1/26/2025) Flashcards
What is Psychology?
the study of behavior and mental processes
Includes the study of both humans and animals
Introvert:
Extrovert:
A person who feels more comfortable and energized being alone or in quiet settings.
A person who feels more comfortable and energized by being around other people and socializing.
Overt:
Covert:
something that is open, obvious, or easily seen.
Something that you CANNOT see, is hidden, secret
Introspection:
The act of looking inward and reflecting on your own thoughts and feelings.
Altruism:
The selfless concern for the well-being of others, often leading to acts of kindness.
Psychologists use the scientific method
what are the 4 steps to the scientific method
collect data
Generate a theory to explain the data
Produce a testable hypothesis
Systematically test the hypothesis
Naturalistic Observation (2)
Systematic observation in natural setting
The main drawback is observer bias
Case Studies (3)
Detailed description and analysis of one or a few people
Observer bias is a problem
Unable to make generalizations past person being studied
Surveys (3)
Questionnaires or interviews
Can generate a lot of information for a fairly low cost
Questions must be constructed carefully
Correlational Research (3)
Research technique based on the naturally occurring relationship between two or more variables
Often used to make predictions, such as the relation between SAT scores and school success
Cannot be used to determine cause and effect
Experimental Research (2)
The only research method that can be used to determine cause and effect
Often called the experimental method
Independent variable (IV)
Dependent variable (DV)
Cause (what you are studying)
This is the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter
Effect (result of experiment)
This is the variable that is measured by the experimenter
Experimental group-
Control group-
Multimethod Research-
Receives treatment
Does not receive treatment, but is the same in every other way
Studies often combine several methods
