adolescents Flashcards
A rapid increase in height and weight that occurs during adolescence.
10 1/2- girls
12 1/2- boys
Peak- 12 & 14
Growth spurt
The onset of sexual maturation, with accompanying physical development.
Puberty
First menstrual period.
Menarche
the visible signs of puberty– the onset of sexual maturation
sexual development
Elkind’s term for adolescents’ delusion that they are constantly being observed by others.
Imaginary audience
Elkind’s term for adolescents’ delusion that they are unique, very important, and invulnerable.
Personal fable
Erikson’s term for the development of a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on others to dependence on oneself.
Identity formation
A period of intense self- examination and decision making; part of the process of identity formation.
Identity crisis
Groups of adolescents with similar interests and strong mutual attachment.
Cliques
James Marcia (1980) believes that finding an identity requires a period of intense self-exploration called an identity crisis.
He recognizes four possible outcomes of process.
1.
2.
3.
4.
identity achievement.
identity foreclosure.
moratorium
identity diffusion
Adolescents who have reached this status have passed through the identity crisis and succeeded in making personal choices about their beliefs and goals. They are comfortable with those choices because the choices are their own.
identity achievement
They have prematurely settled on an identity that others provided for them. They have become what those others want them to be without ever going through an identity crisis.
identity foreclosure.
They are in the process of actively exploring various role options, but they have not yet committed to any of them.
moratorium
They avoid considering role options in any conscious way. Many are dissatisfied with this condition, but are unable to start a search to “find themselves.”
identity diffusion.
