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Anatomy&Physiology I > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A
  1. standing upright
  2. feet down and facing forward
  3. arms at sides with palms forward

when no other information is given, it is assumed that sketches are drawn in the anatomical position

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2
Q

Cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

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3
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to the skulll

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4
Q

facial

A

pertaining to the face

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5
Q

frontal

A

pertaining to the forehead

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6
Q

nasal

A

pertaining to the nose

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7
Q

ocular or orbital

A

pertaining to the eye

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8
Q

otic

A

pertaining to the ear

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9
Q

buccal

A

pertaining to the cheek

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10
Q

oral

A

pertaining to the mouth

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11
Q

mental

A

pertaining to the chin

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12
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the neck

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13
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the thorax or chest

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14
Q

axillary

A

pertaining to the armpit

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15
Q

mammary

A

pertaining to the breast

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16
Q

brachial

A

pertaining to the arm

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17
Q

antecubital

A

pertaining to the front of the elbow

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18
Q

carpal

A

pertaining to the wrist

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19
Q

palmar

A

pertaining to the palm

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20
Q

pollex

A

pertaining to the thumb

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21
Q

digits

A

pertaining to the fingers or toes

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22
Q

abdominal

A

pertaining to the abdomen

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23
Q

umbilical

A

pertaining to the naval or belly

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24
Q

pelvic

A

pertaining to the pelvis

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25
Q

manual

A

pertaining to the hand

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26
Q

inguinal

A

pertaining to the groin

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27
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to the pubis

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28
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the thigh

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29
Q

patellar

A

pertaining to the kneecap

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30
Q

crural

A

pertaining to the leg

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31
Q

tarsal

A

pertaining to the ankle

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32
Q

hallux

A

pertaining to big toe

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33
Q

pedal

A

pertaining to the foot

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34
Q

acromial

A

pertaining to shoulder

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35
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to the back

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36
Q

olecranal

A

pertaining to back of elbow

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37
Q

lumbar

A

pertaining to loin or lower back

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38
Q

gluteal

A

pertaining to the buttocks

39
Q

popliteal

A

pertaining to the back of the knee

40
Q

sural

A

pertaining to calf

41
Q

calcaneal

A

pertaining to the heel of the foot

42
Q

plantar

A

pertaining to the sole of the foot

43
Q

scapular

A

pertaining to the shoulder blade

44
Q

antebrachial

A

pertaining to the forearm

45
Q

coxal

A

pertaining to the hip

46
Q

vertebral

A

pertaining to the bony spinal column

47
Q

pectoral

A

pertaining to the breast or chest

48
Q

perineal

A

pertaining to the anogenital region

region between the anus and whatever M/F reproductive organ

49
Q

peroneal (fibular)

A

pertaining to the lateral side of the lower leg

50
Q

sternal

A

pertaining to the sternum or breast bone

51
Q

anterior

A

front side in the anatomical position

52
Q

posterior

A

back side of the anatomical position

53
Q

superior

A

above or higher than

54
Q

inferior

A

below or lower than

55
Q

medial

A

closer to the midline

56
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline

57
Q

cephalic (cranial)

A

towards the head

58
Q

caudal

A

towards the tail

59
Q

distal

A

further away from the trunk

60
Q

proximal

A

closer to the trunk of the body or place of attachment

61
Q

ventral

A

belly side

62
Q

dorsal

63
Q

superficial

A

near or close to the surface of the body

64
Q

deep

A

further away from the surface of the body

65
Q

visceral

A

enclosed by a cavity

Tissue that touches the organs

66
Q

parietal

A

meaning near a wall of a cavity

67
Q

ipsilateral

A

on the same side of the body

68
Q

bilateral

A

on both sides

69
Q

contralateral

A

on opposite sides

70
Q

transverse or horizontal section

A

cross section, cut horizontally

71
Q

sagittal section

A

left and right parts, cut into left and right

72
Q

midsagittal section

A

equal left and right halves

73
Q

frontal or coronal section

A

a front and back part

74
Q

dorsal cavity

A

subdivided into two cavities that house the central nervous system

two cavities are the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity

75
Q

cranial cavity

A

cavity inside the dorsal cavity that contains the brain

76
Q

spinal cavity

A

cavity in the dorsal cavity that contains the spinal cord

77
Q

meninges

A

connective tissues that protect the organs inside the spinal and cranial cavity

78
Q

ventral cavity

A

contains 2 cavities (the thoracis and abdominopelvic cavity) that is separated by the mediastinum

79
Q

mediastinum

A

the space between the lungs that houses the trachea, esophagus, heart and vessels of the heart

80
Q

thoracic cavity

A

contains the lungs and the mediastinum

81
Q

pleura

A

tissues that cover the lungs

82
Q

visceral pleura

A

tissue that lines the outer surface of the lung

83
Q

parietal pleura

A

tissue that covers the mediastinal wall

84
Q

pericardium

A

tissue that surrounds the heart

85
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

cavity that contains the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

86
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

covers enclosed organs of the abdominopelvic cavity

87
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

located of the inner surface of the body wall of the abdominopelvic cavity

88
Q

abdominal cavity

A

contains digestive organs such as the stomach, liver, and intestines

89
Q

pelvic cavity

A

contains the reproductive organs for both male and female

90
Q

what are the nine regions

*from top left to right and so on

A
  1. right hypochondriac region
  2. epigastric region
  3. left hypochondriac region
  4. right lumbar region
  5. umbilical region
  6. left lumbar region
  7. right inguinal region
  8. hypogastric/pubic region
  9. left inguinal region
91
Q

what are the four quadrants

A
  1. right upper quadrant (RUQ)
  2. left upper quadrant (LUQ)
  3. right lower quadrant (RLQ)
  4. left lower quadrant (LLQ)
92
Q

negative feedback

A

the body bringing itself back to a normal range or set point

e.g. : cold-shivering, hot-sweating, low sugar-glucagon, high sugar-insulin

93
Q

positive feedback

A

an initial changing causes and even greater change
keeping the body away from homeostasis and losing the normal range
used to speed up a process

e.g. : blood clotting (cut makes you bleed, you bleed more so blood clots can form until you’re good)

94
Q

homeostasis

A

a balance within the body that is controlled by the endocrine system and the nervous system

process of which the body gains balance of different chemicals and systems that is controlled by the Nervous and Endocrine System

Anatomy&Physiology I (19 decks)

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