Epithelial Tissues

Question 1

what are tissues

Answer 1

a group of cells working together to perform a function

Question 2

what is the study of tissues

Answer 2

histology

Question 3

what are the four (4) main types of tissues that make up body organs

Answer 3

epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

Question 4

what are some functions of epithelial tissues

Answer 4

protection - covers surfaces and lines cavities

absorption and secretion

permeability - determine what goes in/out

Question 5

what are the characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 5

tightly packed cells - very little intercellular space
avascular
contains a free surface
regenerates quickly
contains a basement membrane that connects it to the connective tissue underneath
contains nerves

Question 6

what are the functions of the basement membrane

Answer 6

provides adherence
permeability
surface for mitosis

Question 7

how are epithelial tissues named and classified

Answer 7

by shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar) and layer (simple or stratified) and takes the name of the shape by the cell at the apical (free) surface

Question 8

what type of tissue would have ONE layer of FLAT cells

Answer 8

simple squamous tissue

Question 9

where is simple squamous tissue found

Answer 9

lining blood vessels, body cavities, and air sacs
also found in kidney tubules

Question 10

why are simple squamous epithelium found in blood vessels and around body cavities

Answer 10

they provide a thin layer or cells for diffusion across the cells

Question 11

what is endothelium

Answer 11

simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels

Question 12

what is mesothelium

Answer 12

simple squamous epithelium lining the abdominal and thoracic cavity

Question 13

what type of tissue would have ONE layer of CUBOIDAL cells

Answer 13

simple cuboidal tissue

Question 14

where would you find simple cuboidal tissue

Answer 14

in ducts, glands, kidney tubules and the thyroid gland

Question 15

what are functions of cuboidal cells

Answer 15

secretion and absorption

Question 16

what type of tissue would have ONE layer of tall cells

Answer 16

simple columnar tissue

Question 17

where would you find simple columnar cells

Answer 17

lining of the gastrointestinal tract, fallopian tubes, and larger ducts

Question 18

what are some functions of columnar cells

Answer 18

secretion, absorption, and some may be goblet cells to produce mucous

Question 19

what are goblet cells

Answer 19

cells that produce mucous to aid in trapping debris and unwanted material or to better absorb substances

Question 20

Y/N

do some columnar cells have additional structures on the free surface such as microvilli or cilia

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

where would a columnar cell be found with microvilli on the apical (free) surface

Answer 21

the digestive tract for better absorption

Question 22

what type of cell would have SEVERAL layers of cells and have FLAT cells at the apical (free) surface

Answer 22

stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Question 23

what is keratinized stratified squamous tissue

Answer 23

dead cells containing the protein keratin to aid in protecting against abrasion

Question 24

where can you find stratified squamous tissue

Answer 24

in the skin, lining of the mouth, esophagus, vagina and rectum

any area where protection is needed

Question 25

where can you find stratified cuboidal/columnar tissue

Answer 25

in sweat glands and ducts. stratified columnar is mainly found in salivary gland ducts

Question 26

what type of tissue contains cells that can change their shape to stretch and recoil

Answer 26

transitional epithelial tissue

Question 27

where can you find transitional epithelial tissue

Answer 27

the bladder

Question 28

T/F

the organ with transitional epithelial tissue WILL expand when stretched

Answer 28

True

Question 29

what type of tissue appears to have more than one layer but actually every cell touches the basement membrane

Answer 29

pseudostratified tissue

Question 30

where can you find pseudostratified epithelial tissue

Answer 30

in the lining of the respiratory tract and part of the male reproductive system

Question 31

pseudostratified epithelium is often ciliated. this tissue typically has goblet cells to produce _______

Answer 31

mucin - this is mucous

Question 32

what type of tissue makes up glands and ducts

Answer 32

epithelial tissue

Question 33

what are the differences between endocrine and exocrine glands

Answer 33

exocrine glands secrete substance into ducts and glands by exocytosis while endocrine glands secrete straight into the blood stream

Question 34

holocrine glands are a type of exocrine gland. what is the product of holocrine glands and how does it secrete its product

Answer 34

holocrine glands secrete oil in the face

the oil and other substances will build up in the cell and when full, the whole cell will break off

holocrine - whole - whole cell breaks off

Question 35

merocrine glands are a type of exocrine gland. what is the product of merocrine glands and how does it secrete its product

Answer 35

merocrine glands secrete sweat

the sweat will build up in the cell and leave through exocytosis

Question 36

apocrine glands are a type of exocrine gland. what is the product of apocrine glands and how do they secrete their product

Answer 36

apocrine glands secrete mammary milk

they secrete milk by the build up of the fluid at the apical side of the cell and when full that portion of the cell will break off

Question 37

T/F

exocrine and endocrine glands ARE NOT made of epithelial tissue

Answer 37

False