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2ND SEM PHYSIO > TERM EXAM - PRELIM > Flashcards

TERM EXAM - PRELIM Flashcards

1
Q

Zonal classification of hepatocytes, important for
general detoxification mechanism and
biotransformation of drugs:

A

zone 3

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2
Q

FAB fragment

A

binds to antigen

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3
Q

Which is NOT a characteristic of an antibody

A

activates T-cell

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4
Q

Hepatocyte for drug detoxification?

A

pericentral

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5
Q 
Increasing gastric acid secretion results to:
A. Increase h, decrease na
B. Increase h, normal na
C. Increase h, increase k
D. Increase h, increase na
A

A. Increase h, decrease na

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6
Q

During the next few days at high al+tude,
acclima+za+on occurs. the following are the
mechanisms that can cause a slow in increase in
ven+la+on. which is not occur?
a. pH of CSF decreases
b. spillage of bicarbonate to urine leading to
ACIDIC urine

A

b. spillage of bicarbonate to urine leading to

ACIDIC urine

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7
Q

What mechanism is caused by vagal s+mula+on

due to the smell of food?

A

Neural Mechanism

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8
Q

HCO3 secre+on by secre+n in pancrea+c duct —

A 
via cAMP
(Ach = Ca)
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9
Q

Specific protein uptake by hepatocyte @ BLM??

A fluid phase endocytosis (nonspecific)
B. absorp+ve endocytosis (nonspecific)
C receptor mediated endocytosis
D. cytoplasmic endocytosis

A

C receptor mediated endocytosis

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10
Q

Mechanisms of fluid and electrolytes secre+on in

Traveler’s Diarrhea

A

Ac+vated chloride channels

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11
Q

Which of the ff is true on the effect of aging on
the pulmonary system?

A. Decrease in collagen and elas+n support
causing atelectasis.
B. No failure in gas exchange
C. Dec in strength and endurance of respiratory
type 1 fibers
D. B and C
E. AOTA

A

??

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12
Q

Male pa+ent contracted Hepatitis B through
salivary chuchu. Hepatocellular dysfunction will
result to:

A. Low serum albumin
B. Low cholesterol
C. Low prothrombin +me
D. Low serum globulin

A

A. Low serum albumin

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13
Q

What cell produces IMMUNOGLOBULIN/

Antibody?

A

plasma cells

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14
Q

Which among the following reactive oxygen
species is the most reactive?

A. Hydrogen Peroxide
B. Superoxide Anion Radical
C. Hydroxyl radical
D. AOTA

A

C. Hydroxyl radical

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15
Q

emptying (solids) of stomach

A. Smooth muscle of proximal part
B. Smooth muscle of antral part
C. Smooth muscle of corpus
D. AOTA

A

B. Smooth muscle of antral part

emptying of solids- antral
emptying of liquids- proximal

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16
Q

True of defecation?

A

Hip flexure…

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17
Q

Migrating Motor Complex?

A

Fasting state

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18
Q

Major determinants of risk of DCS

A. Depth
B. Time at depth
C. Ascent rate
D. Mul+ple dives
E. AOTA
A

E. AOTA

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19
Q

Central inhibitor of acid secretion

A

Somatostatin

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20
Q

The ff substances are exclusively absorbed in the
duodenum.

a. Folate
b. Bile Acid
c. Iron
d. Calcium

A

c. Iron

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21
Q

Aganglionic-

A

hirschsprung

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22
Q

High altitude acclimatization

A. Higher pH
B. Higher red cell count
C. Increased Cardiac output at rest
D. Higher pH and higher red cell count
E. AOTA
A

E. AOTA

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23
Q

True of H/oligopeptide cotransport, except:

A. Also found in the renal proximal tubule
B. Also known as PepT1
C. Responsible for uptake of dipeptide-like amino
acids
D. No exceptions

A

D. No exceptions

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24
Q

PteGlu1 -

A

medicinal form of folate

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25
Q

UES -

A

highest pressure…..

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26
Q

Clonal proliferation occurs when receptor binds

to ..

A

T cells

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27
Q

Colon absorb:

a. Na Cl
b. K HCO3 (colon secrete)
c. HCO3 Na
d. Cl K

A

a. Na Cl

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28
Q

Cholelistasis

a. Disturbance of bile acid
b. Disturbance of cholesterol elimination
c. Both

A

c. Both

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29
Q

Gallbladder mainly composed of

A

Cholesterol

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30
Q

This accounts for 5% to 10% of gastric acid
secretion?

A. Intestinal phase
B. Gastric phase
C. Cephalic phase
D. All of the above

A

A. Intestinal phase

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31
Q

Astronaut first sign of loss of consciousness

A

Loss of color perception

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32
Q

Long term for climbers in high altitude

A. Rbc mass increase due to hypoxemia
B. Volume
C. Vascularity
D. Express oxidative enzymes
E. No exception
A

D. Express oxidative enzymes

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33
Q

Climbing the mountain

A

Inc pH, dec CO2

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34
Q

Secondary antibodies is better because

A

Stronger and faster

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35
Q

All but one except on the Flow of bile duct from
the common hepatic duct into gallbladder or into
upper duodenum?

A. Intraluminal __ of splenic flexure
B. Phasic contraction of sphincter of Oddi
C. 5-10 mmHg pressure of sphincter of Oddi &
pressure of duodenum over 0 mmHg…
D. Tone of gallbladder…?

A

C. 5-10 mmHg pressure of sphincter of Oddi &

pressure of duodenum over 0 mmHg…

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36
Q

Pathway of enzyme secretion, when Connie ate

her snacks: Chocolate, water, apple?

A

Chocolate has longer effect than apple and water

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37
Q

Sodium absorption by salivary duct cell?

  1. Parasympathetic stimulation
  2. Aldosterone

A. (1) decrease while (2) increase
B. (2) decrease while (1) increase
C. (1) & (2) increase
D. (1) and (2) decrease

A

A. (1) decrease while (2) increase

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38
Q

Regarding pancreatic acid secretion?

  1. Acinar cell
  2. Duct cell
A

2 IS GREATER THAN 1

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39
Q

Phase I enzyme:

A

Cytochrome P450

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40
Q

Boyle’s Law regarding diving,

A

doubling the pressure reduces the volume by half

41
Q

Precursor of Nitric oxide

A

ARGININE

42
Q 
Nerves involved that are found in parotid
glands?
1. Facial nerve
2. Lingual branch of Trigeminal nerve
3. Buccal branch of Trigeminal nerve
4. Glossopharyngeal nerve
5. Otic ganglia
A

3, 4, 5

43
Q

Regarding pancreatic duct cell secretion

  1. Isotonic fluid
  2. Hypotonic fluid
A

1 only

44
Q

Regarding salivary acinar cell
1. 1st major function
2. parasympathetic neural pathway uses M3
receptor
3. sympathetic neural pathway uses __ & aadrenergic

A

2 and 3 (ata? basta mali ang 1)

45
Q

Detoxification of drugs?

a. Pericentral hepatocytes
b. intermediate Zone 2 cells
c. Zone 3 cells
d. AOTA

A

d. AOTA

46
Q

Fluid electrolyte salivary acinar cells?

  1. Major function of salivary acinar cells
  2. Isotonic primary secretion
  3. Aquaporin channels, Cl channels
  4. Cholinergic, alpha adrenergic stimulation
A

2,3,4

47
Q

Salivary secretion … in?

  1. NaCl
  2. K+
  3. HCO3-
  4. Water
A

Poor in 1 but rich in 2,3,4

48
Q

Cleaning up of the blood?

A

Macrophagic function

49
Q

Q: nakalimot ko sa question. hehe

A

K is greater than Na and Cl

50
Q

Complete hemoglobin synthesis?

A

Orthochromatic erythroblast

51
Q

Case where erythropoiesis is stimulated. Why?

A

decrease O2

52
Q

Steps in primary hemostasis?

A

vasoconstriction - increased tissue pressure -

adhesion -activation - aggregation

53
Q

surface contact activation?

A

intrinsic pathway

54
Q

The 1st immunoglobulin heavy chain class to be
expressed on the surface of a newly produced Bcell
is?

A

IgM

55
Q

Female patient with 12g/dL hemoglobin?

A

Normal

(ans- 12-14 g/dL- Normal sa Female.
14-16g/dL- Normal sa Male)

56
Q

Common pathway in the coagulation cascade

begins with?

A

stuart factor

57
Q

About of Fahreus-Lindqvist phenomenon?

a. …
b. In large vessels, blood viscosity is independent
of vessel radius
c. The small the vessel radius, blood viscosity
decreases steeply
d. Whole blood has an anomalous viscosity

A

???

58
Q

Primary aging –

A

intrinsic changes occurring with age, unrelated to

disease or environmental influences

59
Q

Secondary aging –

A

changes caused by the interactin of primary
aging with environmental influences or disease
processes

60
Q

Most active reactive oxygen species?

a. hydrogen peroxide
b. hydroxyl radical
c. superoxide radical
d. none

A

b. hydroxyl radical

61
Q

Features of aging in skin?

a. decreased melanocytes
b. decreased Langerhan’s cells
c. Elastin and collagen decreases
d. stiffer dermis
e. AOTA

A

e. AOTA

62
Q

High incidence of fall among the elderly?

a. less flexible knee and ankle joints
b. decrease muscle strength
c. Deterioration of vision
d. AOTA

A

d. AOTA

63
Q

Basolateral efflux of monosaccharides?

a. GLUT 2
b. GLUT 5
c. SGLT 1
d. SGLT 2

A

a. GLUT 2

64
Q

False about PteGlu1?

a. Medicinal folate
b. Food folate
c. Oxidized form
d. Biologically inactive

A

b. Food folate

65
Q

Calcium absorption in small intestine that is not
under control by Vitamin D?

a. transcellular pathway
b. paracellular pathway

A

b. paracellular pathway

66
Q

Addition of bile salts leads to formation of a
mixed micelle, in which hydrophobic lipid tails
face __ and polar head groups face __.

A

inward, outward

67
Q

Considered as Activity of Daily Living (ADL)?

a. Shopping
b. Cooking
c. Taking medications
d. Bathing self completely

A

d. Bathing self completely

68
Q

True or false. There is a typical elderly.

A

FALSE

69
Q

67: how does vibrio cholerae toxin affect

electrolyte and fluid absorption in the intestine?

A

CAMP chuchu

70
Q

Is a primary function of liver except

A

Storage and production of bile

71
Q

Something about factors affecting aging (pero
tanang choices kay factors affecting aging)?

a. Physiology
b. Genetics
c. Socio-economic
d. Lifestyle

A

d. Lifestyle

72
Q

A person in orbiting satellite experience zero

gravity?

A

Microgravity and weightlessness

73
Q

Immediate exposure to low PO2 stimulates
______ chemoreceptors, which ______
ventilation?

A

Peripheral , Increase

74
Q

Chokes and Staggers?

A

Type II DCS

75
Q

Parasympathetic stomach impulse causes all of
the following, EXCEPT?

A. Inhibiton of somatostatin
B. Secretion of somatostatin
C. Secretion of gastrin
D. Promotes histamine

A

B. Secretion of somatostatin

76
Q

Better indicator for health of older people?

A. Physical
B. Mental
C. Presence/Absence of Disease
D. A and B
E. B and C
A

D. A and B

77
Q

Which of the following changes is/are involved
aver a person is acclimatized to a high altitude?
A. Blood pH is lower than normal
B. There is an increase in RBC production
C. Cardiac output is higher at rest than sea level
D. Blood pH is lower than normal and there is an
increase in RBC producFon
E. AOTA

A

D. Blood pH is lower than normal and there is an
increase in RBC production

pacheck if pwede possible answer AOTA

78
Q

According to Boyle’s Law, if the chest wall were
perfectly compliant, a breath-holding dive to
10m below the surface would _______ the
pressure and compress the air held in the lungs
to _______ its original volume?

A

double, half

79
Q

Enteric hormones that inhibits gastric acid
secretion?

A. CCK
B. Somatostatin
C. VIP
D. Neurotensin
E. AOTA
A

E. AOTA

80
Q

T helper cells are:

A. Release IL-2 and other cytokines
B. Most are CD4+
C. Recognize an+gens that are associated with
MHC
D. AOTA
A

D. AOTA

81
Q

What will happen if the cotransporter Cl-HCO3
exchanger is genetically absent in the apical
membrane?

A

Manifested by diarrhea with increased Cl

secretion

82
Q

29 yo female malnourished w/ lung infaction. hb
9mg/dL. will trigger release of epo bc of

a. dec O2
b. dec rbc
c. dec hgb
d inc plasma volume
e. iron deficiency

A

a. dec O2

83
Q

Precursor amino acid of nitric oxide

A

arginine

84
Q

Boyle’s Law –

A

volume of gas is inversely proportional to

pressure

85
Q

Receptor that activates cyclic amp (camp):

A

H2 receptor

86
Q
  • inhibit gastrin
  • downregulate parietal H release
  • stimulate somtosta+n
A

Secretin:

87
Q

inactive at pH >4 (inactive at neutral pH sa book)

A

Lipase:

88
Q

Active absorption in duodenum

a. Folate
b. Iron
c. Bile acids/bile salts
d. Calcium

A

???

89
Q

True of FABP2

a. highest in regions that absorbs fats, namely, the
villi of the proximal jejunal enterocytes
b. Preferetially binds long chain rather than
medium or short chain
c. Transfers fatty acid to the enterocyte’s
endoplasmic reticulum for re-esterification
d. AOTA

A

d. AOTA

90
Q

Bile is secreted by

A

Gallbladder endothelium

91
Q

Hepa b salivary transmission from glass.

hepatocellular dysfunction causes

A

low serum albumin

92
Q

nag gawas ni nga table

A

Table 43-6

93
Q

Changes caused by intrinsic changes by age and

environment refers to?

A

Primary

94
Q

The small intestine absorbs Ca via two
mechanisms. Which is the one that
predominates but is not controlled by vit. D?

A. Paracellular transport
B. Transcellular transport

A

??

95
Q

Histamine released from ECL cells in the body of
the stomach induces H+ release by stimulating
neighboring cells. What mechanism?

A

PARACRINE

96
Q

first Ig in B cell surface…

A

IgM

97
Q

Source of enteric neurons

A

A. Substance p

98
Q

Hepatocytes take up protein across their
Basolateral membrane spefic??

A. Fluid endocytosis
B. Absorptive endocytosis?
C. Receptor mediated endocytosis?
D. Cytoplasmic endocytosis

A

???

2ND SEM PHYSIO (27 decks)

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