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2ND SEM PHYSIO > TERM EXAM - PRELIM > Flashcards

TERM EXAM - PRELIM Flashcards

1
Q

Zonal classification of hepatocytes, important for
general detoxification mechanism and
biotransformation of drugs:

A

zone 3

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2
Q

FAB fragment

A

binds to antigen

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3
Q

Which is NOT a characteristic of an antibody

A

activates T-cell

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4
Q

Hepatocyte for drug detoxification?

A

pericentral

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5
Q 
Increasing gastric acid secretion results to:
A. Increase h, decrease na
B. Increase h, normal na
C. Increase h, increase k
D. Increase h, increase na
A

A. Increase h, decrease na

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6
Q

During the next few days at high al+tude,
acclima+za+on occurs. the following are the
mechanisms that can cause a slow in increase in
ven+la+on. which is not occur?
a. pH of CSF decreases
b. spillage of bicarbonate to urine leading to
ACIDIC urine

A

b. spillage of bicarbonate to urine leading to

ACIDIC urine

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7
Q

What mechanism is caused by vagal s+mula+on

due to the smell of food?

A

Neural Mechanism

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8
Q

HCO3 secre+on by secre+n in pancrea+c duct —

A 
via cAMP
(Ach = Ca)
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9
Q

Specific protein uptake by hepatocyte @ BLM??

A fluid phase endocytosis (nonspecific)
B. absorp+ve endocytosis (nonspecific)
C receptor mediated endocytosis
D. cytoplasmic endocytosis

A

C receptor mediated endocytosis

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10
Q

Mechanisms of fluid and electrolytes secre+on in

Traveler’s Diarrhea

A

Ac+vated chloride channels

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11
Q

Which of the ff is true on the effect of aging on
the pulmonary system?

A. Decrease in collagen and elas+n support
causing atelectasis.
B. No failure in gas exchange
C. Dec in strength and endurance of respiratory
type 1 fibers
D. B and C
E. AOTA

A

??

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12
Q

Male pa+ent contracted Hepatitis B through
salivary chuchu. Hepatocellular dysfunction will
result to:

A. Low serum albumin
B. Low cholesterol
C. Low prothrombin +me
D. Low serum globulin

A

A. Low serum albumin

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13
Q

What cell produces IMMUNOGLOBULIN/

Antibody?

A

plasma cells

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14
Q

Which among the following reactive oxygen
species is the most reactive?

A. Hydrogen Peroxide
B. Superoxide Anion Radical
C. Hydroxyl radical
D. AOTA

A

C. Hydroxyl radical

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15
Q

emptying (solids) of stomach

A. Smooth muscle of proximal part
B. Smooth muscle of antral part
C. Smooth muscle of corpus
D. AOTA

A

B. Smooth muscle of antral part

emptying of solids- antral
emptying of liquids- proximal

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16
Q

True of defecation?

A

Hip flexure…

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17
Q

Migrating Motor Complex?

A

Fasting state

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18
Q

Major determinants of risk of DCS

A. Depth
B. Time at depth
C. Ascent rate
D. Mul+ple dives
E. AOTA
A

E. AOTA

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19
Q

Central inhibitor of acid secretion

A

Somatostatin

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20
Q

The ff substances are exclusively absorbed in the
duodenum.

a. Folate
b. Bile Acid
c. Iron
d. Calcium

A

c. Iron

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21
Q

Aganglionic-

A

hirschsprung

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22
Q

High altitude acclimatization

A. Higher pH
B. Higher red cell count
C. Increased Cardiac output at rest
D. Higher pH and higher red cell count
E. AOTA
A

E. AOTA

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23
Q

True of H/oligopeptide cotransport, except:

A. Also found in the renal proximal tubule
B. Also known as PepT1
C. Responsible for uptake of dipeptide-like amino
acids
D. No exceptions

A

D. No exceptions

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24
Q

PteGlu1 -

A

medicinal form of folate

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25
UES -
highest pressure.....
26
Clonal proliferation occurs when receptor binds | to ..
T cells
27
Colon absorb: a. Na Cl b. K HCO3 (colon secrete) c. HCO3 Na d. Cl K
a. Na Cl
28
Cholelistasis a. Disturbance of bile acid b. Disturbance of cholesterol elimination c. Both
c. Both
29
Gallbladder mainly composed of
Cholesterol
30
This accounts for 5% to 10% of gastric acid secretion? A. Intestinal phase B. Gastric phase C. Cephalic phase D. All of the above
A. Intestinal phase
31
Astronaut first sign of loss of consciousness
Loss of color perception
32
Long term for climbers in high altitude ``` A. Rbc mass increase due to hypoxemia B. Volume C. Vascularity D. Express oxidative enzymes E. No exception ```
D. Express oxidative enzymes
33
Climbing the mountain
Inc pH, dec CO2
34
Secondary antibodies is better because
Stronger and faster
35
All but one except on the Flow of bile duct from the common hepatic duct into gallbladder or into upper duodenum? A. Intraluminal __ of splenic flexure B. Phasic contraction of sphincter of Oddi C. 5-10 mmHg pressure of sphincter of Oddi & pressure of duodenum over 0 mmHg... D. Tone of gallbladder...?
C. 5-10 mmHg pressure of sphincter of Oddi & | pressure of duodenum over 0 mmHg...
36
Pathway of enzyme secretion, when Connie ate | her snacks: Chocolate, water, apple?
Chocolate has longer effect than apple and water
37
Sodium absorption by salivary duct cell? 1. Parasympathetic stimulation 2. Aldosterone A. (1) decrease while (2) increase B. (2) decrease while (1) increase C. (1) & (2) increase D. (1) and (2) decrease
A. (1) decrease while (2) increase
38
Regarding pancreatic acid secretion? 1. Acinar cell 2. Duct cell
2 IS GREATER THAN 1
39
Phase I enzyme:
Cytochrome P450
40
Boyle’s Law regarding diving,
doubling the pressure reduces the volume by half
41
Precursor of Nitric oxide
ARGININE
42
``` Nerves involved that are found in parotid glands? 1. Facial nerve 2. Lingual branch of Trigeminal nerve 3. Buccal branch of Trigeminal nerve 4. Glossopharyngeal nerve 5. Otic ganglia ```
3, 4, 5
43
Regarding pancreatic duct cell secretion 1. Isotonic fluid 2. Hypotonic fluid
1 only
44
Regarding salivary acinar cell 1. 1st major function 2. parasympathetic neural pathway uses M3 receptor 3. sympathetic neural pathway uses __ & aadrenergic
2 and 3 (ata? basta mali ang 1)
45
Detoxification of drugs? a. Pericentral hepatocytes b. intermediate Zone 2 cells c. Zone 3 cells d. AOTA
d. AOTA
46
Fluid electrolyte salivary acinar cells? 1. Major function of salivary acinar cells 2. Isotonic primary secretion 3. Aquaporin channels, Cl channels 4. Cholinergic, alpha adrenergic stimulation
2,3,4
47
Salivary secretion … in? 1. NaCl 2. K+ 3. HCO3- 4. Water
Poor in 1 but rich in 2,3,4
48
Cleaning up of the blood?
Macrophagic function
49
Q: nakalimot ko sa question. hehe
K is greater than Na and Cl
50
Complete hemoglobin synthesis?
Orthochromatic erythroblast
51
Case where erythropoiesis is stimulated. Why?
decrease O2
52
Steps in primary hemostasis?
vasoconstriction - increased tissue pressure - | adhesion -activation - aggregation
53
surface contact activation?
intrinsic pathway
54
The 1st immunoglobulin heavy chain class to be expressed on the surface of a newly produced Bcell is?
IgM
55
Female patient with 12g/dL hemoglobin?
Normal (ans- 12-14 g/dL- Normal sa Female. 14-16g/dL- Normal sa Male)
56
Common pathway in the coagulation cascade | begins with?
stuart factor
57
About of Fahreus-Lindqvist phenomenon? a. ... b. In large vessels, blood viscosity is independent of vessel radius c. The small the vessel radius, blood viscosity decreases steeply d. Whole blood has an anomalous viscosity
???
58
Primary aging –
intrinsic changes occurring with age, unrelated to | disease or environmental influences
59
Secondary aging –
changes caused by the interactin of primary aging with environmental influences or disease processes
60
Most active reactive oxygen species? a. hydrogen peroxide b. hydroxyl radical c. superoxide radical d. none
b. hydroxyl radical
61
Features of aging in skin? a. decreased melanocytes b. decreased Langerhan's cells c. Elastin and collagen decreases d. stiffer dermis e. AOTA
e. AOTA
62
High incidence of fall among the elderly? a. less flexible knee and ankle joints b. decrease muscle strength c. Deterioration of vision d. AOTA
d. AOTA
63
Basolateral efflux of monosaccharides? a. GLUT 2 b. GLUT 5 c. SGLT 1 d. SGLT 2
a. GLUT 2
64
False about PteGlu1? a. Medicinal folate b. Food folate c. Oxidized form d. Biologically inactive
b. Food folate
65
Calcium absorption in small intestine that is not under control by Vitamin D? a. transcellular pathway b. paracellular pathway
b. paracellular pathway
66
Addition of bile salts leads to formation of a mixed micelle, in which hydrophobic lipid tails face __ and polar head groups face __.
inward, outward
67
Considered as Activity of Daily Living (ADL)? a. Shopping b. Cooking c. Taking medications d. Bathing self completely
d. Bathing self completely
68
True or false. There is a typical elderly.
FALSE
69
67: how does vibrio cholerae toxin affect | electrolyte and fluid absorption in the intestine?
CAMP chuchu
70
Is a primary function of liver except
Storage and production of bile
71
Something about factors affecting aging (pero tanang choices kay factors affecting aging)? a. Physiology b. Genetics c. Socio-economic d. Lifestyle
d. Lifestyle
72
A person in orbiting satellite experience zero | gravity?
Microgravity and weightlessness
73
Immediate exposure to low PO2 stimulates ______ chemoreceptors, which ______ ventilation?
Peripheral , Increase
74
Chokes and Staggers?
Type II DCS
75
Parasympathetic stomach impulse causes all of the following, EXCEPT? A. Inhibiton of somatostatin B. Secretion of somatostatin C. Secretion of gastrin D. Promotes histamine
B. Secretion of somatostatin
76
Better indicator for health of older people? ``` A. Physical B. Mental C. Presence/Absence of Disease D. A and B E. B and C ```
D. A and B
77
Which of the following changes is/are involved aver a person is acclimatized to a high altitude? A. Blood pH is lower than normal B. There is an increase in RBC production C. Cardiac output is higher at rest than sea level D. Blood pH is lower than normal and there is an increase in RBC producFon E. AOTA
D. Blood pH is lower than normal and there is an increase in RBC production pacheck if pwede possible answer AOTA
78
According to Boyle’s Law, if the chest wall were perfectly compliant, a breath-holding dive to 10m below the surface would _______ the pressure and compress the air held in the lungs to _______ its original volume?
double, half
79
Enteric hormones that inhibits gastric acid secretion? ``` A. CCK B. Somatostatin C. VIP D. Neurotensin E. AOTA ```
E. AOTA
80
T helper cells are: ``` A. Release IL-2 and other cytokines B. Most are CD4+ C. Recognize an+gens that are associated with MHC D. AOTA ```
D. AOTA
81
What will happen if the cotransporter Cl-HCO3 exchanger is genetically absent in the apical membrane?
Manifested by diarrhea with increased Cl | secretion
82
29 yo female malnourished w/ lung infaction. hb 9mg/dL. will trigger release of epo bc of a. dec O2 b. dec rbc c. dec hgb d inc plasma volume e. iron deficiency
a. dec O2
83
Precursor amino acid of nitric oxide
arginine
84
Boyle's Law --
volume of gas is inversely proportional to | pressure
85
Receptor that activates cyclic amp (camp):
H2 receptor
86
- inhibit gastrin - downregulate parietal H release - stimulate somtosta+n
Secretin:
87
inactive at pH >4 (inactive at neutral pH sa book)
Lipase:
88
Active absorption in duodenum a. Folate b. Iron c. Bile acids/bile salts d. Calcium
???
89
True of FABP2 a. highest in regions that absorbs fats, namely, the villi of the proximal jejunal enterocytes b. Preferetially binds long chain rather than medium or short chain c. Transfers fatty acid to the enterocyte’s endoplasmic reticulum for re-esterification d. AOTA
d. AOTA
90
Bile is secreted by
Gallbladder endothelium
91
Hepa b salivary transmission from glass. | hepatocellular dysfunction causes
low serum albumin
92
nag gawas ni nga table
Table 43-6
93
Changes caused by intrinsic changes by age and | environment refers to?
Primary
94
The small intestine absorbs Ca via two mechanisms. Which is the one that predominates but is not controlled by vit. D? A. Paracellular transport B. Transcellular transport
??
95
Histamine released from ECL cells in the body of the stomach induces H+ release by stimulating neighboring cells. What mechanism?
PARACRINE
96
first Ig in B cell surface...
IgM
97
Source of enteric neurons
A. Substance p
98
Hepatocytes take up protein across their Basolateral membrane spefic?? A. Fluid endocytosis B. Absorptive endocytosis? C. Receptor mediated endocytosis? D. Cytoplasmic endocytosis
???

2ND SEM PHYSIO (27 decks)

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