Flight And Space Physiology (ppt) - Dr. Miyake Flashcards
At beginning of flight: _________ occurs.
Simple linear acceleration
At end of flight: _________ occurs
Deceleration
Every time vehicle turns:
Centrifugal acceleration occurs
Acceleration in one direction shifts the blood volume in the ____________.
Oppposite direction
To accelerate a rocket from rest, we must apply enough ______ to overcome its inertial force.
Force
With the rocket accelerating vertically, astronauts inside experience an inertial G force, as required by Newton’s third law.
Newton’s second law of motion
A force that presses the astronauts into their seats in the direction opposite that of the rocket’s acceleration.
Newton’s third law
Force with which he is pressing against the seat results from the pull of gravity and is equal to his weight (equal to the pull of gravity)
+1G
Force with which he presses against seat becomes 5x his normal weight during pull-out from a dive, force acting on the seat is ______.
+5G
If airplame goes through an outside loop so that the person is held down by his seat belt, __________ is applied to his body.
Negative G
If the force with which he is held down by his belt is equal to the weight of his body, the negative force is ______.
-1G
We all experience ___________ when an aircraft hits turbulence, suddenly loses altitude and lifts us out of our seats.
Negative G force
Have potentially large effects on aircraft pilots, astronauts affect only during litoff and re-entry phases of space flight.
G forces
Propel body’s tissues in direction opposite that of acceleration.
G forces
Compress soft tissues against underlying structural elements (bone) or pull these tissues away from overlying structural elements.
G forces
Shift blood volume away from direction of acceleration, addning to other component forces that determine blood pressure.
G force
Can shift blood volume away from the head.
G forces
Resulting in transient reductions in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery
G forces
If reductions are sufficiently large, they can result in loss of consciousness.
Gray-out
Early warnings: narrowing of visual field (loss of peripheral vision) and loss of color perception as retina is deprived of oxygen, a phenomenon called ___________.
Gray-out
Total loss of consciousness that occurs during acceleration that lasts for tens of seconds or minutes
Blackout
Causes a cephalad shift of blood volume
Weightlessness
State of near-zero G force, also called a ___________.
Microgravity environment
Centrifugal force of spacecraft’s orbital trajectory balances earth’s gravitational force.
Weightlessness
Cephalad shifts of blood volume-away from capacitance vessels of legs-expands ____________, increases cardiac preload and increases filtration of plasma water into interstitium of facial region.
Central blood volume