TB

Question 1

define TB

Answer 1

this is a mycobacterium infection with M tuberculosis/bovis

Question 2

gram stain of M. tuberculosis

Answer 2

gram +ve acid-fast bacilli

Question 3

what does the presence of this mycobacterium cause the formation of?

Answer 3

caseating granulomas

Question 4

presentation of TB

Answer 4

• night sweats
• haemoptysis
• cough, SOB

Question 5

ghon focus

Answer 5

peripheral of the lung, can rupture through visceral pleura

Question 6

assmann focus

Answer 6

apical TB lesion (secondary TB)

Question 7

diagnosis of TB

Answer 7

• Ziehl-Neelson stain (positive is pink)
• CXR
• bloods
• sputum
• skin prick for latent TB

Question 8

lymph node TB

Answer 8

enlarged cervical or supraclavicular nodes

Question 9

biliary TB

Answer 9

spreads via the pulmonary vein to the liver, spleen and kidneys

Question 10

active TB management

Answer 10

4 drugs for 2 months
- rifampicin
- isoniazid 
- pyrazinamide 
- ethambutol 
2 drugs for 4 months
- rifampicin
- isoniazid

Question 11

latent TB management

Answer 11

2 drugs for 3 months
- rifampicin
- isoniazid
1 drug for 6 months
- isoniazid

Question 12

what to use in TB if resistant?

Answer 12

streptomycin

Question 13

adverse of streptomycin

Answer 13

hearing problems

Question 14

adverse of rifampicin

Answer 14

orange tears and urine

Question 15

adverse of isoniazid

Answer 15

peripheral neuropathy

hepatitis

Question 16

adverse of pyrazinamide

Answer 16

gout

Question 17

adverse of ethambutol

Answer 17

colour blindness

Question 18

vaccine for TB

Answer 18

BCG