Pharmacology Flashcards
where in the parasympathetic system located in the respiratory system?
walls of the bronchi and bronchioles
parasympathetic signalling pathway in the lungs
ACh on M3 muscarinic receptors (Gq/11)
what does the parasympathetic NS cause?
bronchial smooth muscle contraction and increased mucus production
where is the sympathetic NS located in the respiratory system
innervates submucosal glands and smooth muscle of blood vessels
sympathetic signalling pathway in the lungs
adrenaline on B2-adrenoceptors (Gs)
what does the sympathetic NS cause in the respiratory system?
bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and decreased mucus secretion
signalling pathway for vascular contraction
adrenaline on alpha1-adrenoceptors
example of a SABA
salbutamol
how are SABAs administered?
inhalation
adverse effects of SABAs
fine tremor, tachycardia, arrhythmias and hypokalaemia
examples of corticosteroids
beclomethasone
budesonide
prednisolone
example of a mineralocorticoid
aldosterone
role of aldosterone
retain salt and water by the kidney
mechanism of action of corticosteroids
prevent Th2 pathway reducing eosinophils and mast cells
what are corticosteroids used in?
COPD
asthma
rhinitis (as monotherapy)