4th Year Asthma and COPD Flashcards
asthma investigations
spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility
peak flow
fractional exhaled NO
direct bronchial challenge
what result in fractional exhaled NO can indicate asthma?
> 40ppb is indicative of asthma
what is the direct bronchial challenge?
direct challenge with histamine or methacholine
inhaler technique method?
Papworth method
what is the Papworth method?
diaphragm breathing
what is clenil modulate?
beclomethasone
what is pulmicort?
budesonide
what is flixotide?
fluticasone
moderate acute asthma grading?
PEFR 50-75%
severe acute asthma grading
33-50% PEFR (resp rate >25, HR >110, unable to complete sentences)
life-threatening asthma grading
<33% PEFR (sats <92%, tired, silent chest)
pink puffers
emphysema
breathless but not cyanosed
type 1 resp failure, normal CO2
blue bloaters
chronic bronchitis
cyanosed but not breathless
risks type 2 respiratory failure
ECG in cor pulmonale?
enlarged right atria and ventricle
what is the BODE index?
factors taken into account to assess severity and number of exacerbations in COPD
what is in the BODE index?
BMI
obstruction to the airflow
dyspnoea
exercise capacity
classification of COPD?
MRC dyspnoea scale
GOLD classification
MILD GOLD classification
80% or more of predicted FEV1
MODERATE GOLD classification
50-79% of predicted FEV1
SEVERE GOLD classification
30-49% predicted FEV1
VERY SEVERE GOLD classification
<30% predicted FEV1
what is the FEV1 based on in the GOLD classification?
post-bronchodilator
TLCO in COPD
decreased
TLCO in asthma
increased
what is carbocisteine?
oral mucolytic
when is long-term oxygen therapy used?
chronic hypoxia
polycythaemia
cyanosis
heart failure
when can long-term oxygen therapy not be used?
if they smoke
