T7 - L3 uterus and ovaries Flashcards
is gonadal failure congenital or acquired?
congenital
what is endometriosis?
tissue similar to the lining of the womb starts to grow in other places, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Endometriosis can affect women of any age, but it’s most common in women in their 30s and 40s.
how does endometriosis present?
- 25% asymptomatic
- dysmenorrhoea
- dyspareunia
- pelvic pain
- subfertility
- pain on passing stool
- dysuria
what is subfertility?
reduced fertility
what is dysmenorrhoea?
painful menstruation, typically involving abdominal cramps.
what is dyspareunia?
difficult or painful sexual intercourse.
what are complications of endometriosis?
- ectopic pregnancy
- ovarian cancer
- IBD
what is endometritis?
inflammation of the endometrium
how does endometritis present?
- abdo/pelvic pain
- pyrexia
- discharge
- dysuria
- abnormal vaginal bleeding
what are risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia?
- obesity
- exogenous E2,
- PCOS,
- E2-producing tumours,
- tamoxifen,
- HNPCC (PTEN mutations)
what is the most common cancer of the female genital tract?
endometrial adenocarcinoma
what is polycystic ovary syndrome?
Endocrine disorder; hyperandrogenism, menstrual abnormalities,
polycystic ovaries
what are complications of polycystic ovary syndrome?
- infertility
- endometrial hyperplasia/adenocarcinoma
what is primary failure of the gonads?
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
- Turner syndrome
- Klinefelter’s synfrome
- infection
- surgery
- chemotherapy
- drugs/toxins
what is secondary failure of the gonads?
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
- Sheehan syndrome
- pituitary tumours
- Brian injury
