T3 - Leukemia / Hodgkins Disease Flashcards
What I’d Leukemia?
Uncontrolled growth of WBCs (leukocytes)
What are the three general categories of leukemia?
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML)
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
Which type of leukemia is most common in Peds?
ALL
What condition is associated with an increased risk of leukemia?
Down Syndrome
S/S of leukemia
Pallor
Easy bruisability (petechie and ecchymosis)
Swollen Joints
Arthraliga
Bone tenderness
Infection
What is purpose of Bone Aspiration test?
Defines leukemia type
What is purpose of CBC test?
Determine which blood cell type is low
What is purpose of Spinal Tap?
Determine if CSF contains leukemia cells
What is purpose of chest xray?
Rule out mediastinal mass (common in T cell type of ALL)
Which body system is especially targeted for prophylaxis?
CNS
How many stages of chemo treatment for ALL?
3
- conduction
- consolidation
- maintenance
Chemo drugs for ALL
Vincristine
Prednisone
Asparaginase
Daunomycin
VP16 (etoposide)
Ara-C (cytarabine)
Chemo drugs for CML
Cytarabine
Dacinomycin
What is the main alternative treatment to traditional chemo?
Bone marrow transplant
What percentage of ALL patients are expected to achieve remission?
95%
Which is more difficult to treat, AML or ALL?
AML
What is the first sign of Hodgkins Disease?
unilateral, nontender enlargement of CERVICAL NODE
S/S of Hodgkins Disease
cervical node enlargement
painless, progressive enlargement of lymph nodes
liver / spleen enlargement
How many stages of Hodgkins Disease?
four
What is the major mode of therapy w/ Hodgkins Disease?
Radiation
What are the two main radiation fields used in treating Hodgkins Disease?
Mantle field (extends from mandible to the diaphragm)
Inverted Y field (extends from diaphragm to the lower border of the pelvis)
*the bladder, rectum, and some of the intestines are shielded
Hodgkins Disease:
S/E of Radiation on the Mantle Field
dry mouth,
loss of taste,
swallowing discomfort,
skin redness and dry peeling in treatment fields,
loss of hair at the back of the neck and under the arms,
decreased WBC,
fatigue,
N/V
Hodgkins Disease:
S/E of Radiation on the Inverted Y Field
Fatigue,
N/V/D,
decreased WBC,
skin dryness and redness [most likely in groin area]
What is VAMP treatment with Hodgkins Disease?
a combo of meds used to treat Stage I or II of Hodgkins
- Vinblastine
- Adriamycin
- Methotrexate
- Prednisone
What is VEPA treatment for Hodgkins Disease?
Patients with Stage I or II Hodgkin’s Disease with an unfavorable pathology or Stage III or Stage IV will receive a different combo of meds called VEPA
- Vinblastine
- Etoposide (VP-16)
- Prednisone
- Adriamycin
Which type of cells are diagnostic for Hodgkin’s Disease?
Reed-Sternburg Cells
