T2 - Poisoning Lecture (Josh) Flashcards
— is another term for lead poisoning.
Plumbism
What amount needs to be ingested to cause neuroligic and intellectual damage?
10mcg/dL
Which ages are most susceptible to lead poisoning?
1-3
Adults absorb —- of lead
Children absorb — of lead.
10%
50%
Why is poverty a cause of lead poisoning?
older homes w/ lead paint
more likely to have empty stomach which increases absorption of lead
diet may lack sufficient calcium, iron, protein, and/or zinc which would increase absorption of lead and may increase vulnerability to its adverse effect
Clinical manifestation of Lead Poisoning?
- anemia
- fever of unknown origin
behavioral changes such as hyperactivity, impulsiveness, short attention span, aggression, delay or reversal in verbal maturation, lethargy, sleep disturbances - signs of encephalopathy – convulsions »_space;> coma»_space;> mental retardation
—- is the removal of lead from circulation
Chelation Therapy
Nearly 2/3 of all poisoning cases occur in children ages —
under 6
Over — of all poisonings occur in home.
90%
Do all poisonings require medical intervention?
NO,
but still call Poison Control
With acids/alkaline poisoning, what should we teach?
DON’T INDUCE VOMITING
dilute w/ milk and water
— —- is used primarily for toxic ingestion in the last 1-2 hrs.
Gastric Lavage
When is Gastric Lavage contraindicated?
risk of aspiration is increased
- hydrocarbons
- seizures
- resp. distress
- potential damage to mucosa of esophagus/pharynx
Treat the —- rather than the —-
child
poison
- watch the child
Medical Assessment of Poisoning:
- ABCs and stabilize
- Administer oxygen, Narcan, & assess glucose in all patients with unexplained decreased LOC.
- Obtain history and examine patient
- Obtain Labs and specific drug serum levels as determined by history and exam.
Use activated charcoal — of poison ingestion.
within 1 hr
but AFTER giving emetic so that it won’t absorb the emetic
Common Poisons
- Tylenol
- Vitamins
- Bleach
- Furniture Polish
S/S of Acetaminophen Poisoning
2-4 hrs after ingestion
- N/V
- Anorexia
- Sweating
- Pallor
S/S of prolonged Acetaminophen Poisoning.
- Pain in RUQ
- Jaundice
- Confusion
- Stupor
- Coagulation Problems
—- account for over one half of the poisoning reported.
Household Cleaners
- usually DON’T want to induce vomiting
Main danger w/ hydrocarbons is —
aspiration
ex:
- gas
- kerosene
- lamp oil
- furniture polish
Order of treatment:
ABCs
after ABCs, focus on prevention of absorption and continued assessment
When should we use ipecac?
Never
DO NOT USE IPECAC
Vomiting causes a greater risk of what?
- Decreased level of consciousness
- Seizures
- Diathesis
- Hydrocarbon ingestion
- Acid or alkali ingestion
With corrosives we probably don’t want to do what?
induce vomiting
