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Peds (Josh) > T3 - Cancers in Children PPT (Josh) > Flashcards

T3 - Cancers in Children PPT (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

Common S/E with Chemo and how to treat:

A

N/V (treat w/ ondansetron)

Mucositis (treat w/ meticulous mouth care)

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2
Q

Common S/E with Chemo and how to treat:

A

N/V (treat w/ ondansetron)

Mucositis (treat w/ meticulous mouth care)

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3
Q

Can you treat the mucositis (s/e of chemo) with viscous lidocaine?

A

NO

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4
Q

What Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is a sign of infection, which is a s/e of cancer treatment?

A

ANC

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5
Q

S/E of Cancer treatments that need to be treated.

A

Infection

Hemorrhage

Anemia

N/V

Neuro

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6
Q

What platelet count should warn us of hemorrhage?

A
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7
Q

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

A

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

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8
Q

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

A

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

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9
Q

Can you treat the mucositis (s/e of chemo) with viscous lidocaine?

A

NO

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10
Q

What Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is a sign of infection, which is a s/e of cancer treatment?

A

ANC

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11
Q

S/E of Cancer treatments that need to be treated.

A

Infection

Hemorrhage

Anemia

N/V

Neuro

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12
Q

What platelet count should warn us of hemorrhage?

A
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13
Q

Treat the N/V of cancer treatments w/ —

A

ondansetron

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14
Q

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

A

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

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15
Q

How do you calculate ANC?

A

White Cell Count x % of neutraphils

-

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16
Q

Immunization protocol w/ chemo.

A
  • No live, attenuated vaccines

- if vaccinated 2 wks before or during chemo, they need to be revaccinated after chemo

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17
Q

What is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in children under 14?

A

Luekemia

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18
Q

What are the types of Leukemia?

A

Acute Lymphomatic Leukemia (ALL)

Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML)

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19
Q

Who has an increased risk of ALL?

A

Males

Caucasions

Siblings of child w/ ALL

Down’s Syndrome

20
Q

Which cell is diagnostic for Hodgkins Disease?

A

Reed Sternberg Cell

21
Q

Phases of Chemo Treatment:

A

1) Induction (4-5 wks)
2) Sanctuary (2-3 wks)
3) Maintenance (2-3 yrs)

22
Q

What is the sentinel node?

A

left clavicular node

the first node usually enlarged in Hodgkins Disease

23
Q

Which phase of Chemo?

prevent leukemia cells from invading the CNS

Lasts about 2-3 wks

A

Sanctuary

24
Q

Which phase of Chemo?

maintain remission

lasts about 2-3 yrs

A

Maintenance

25
Q

Why is the CNS resistant to chemo?

What is the alternatives to treat cancer cells in CNS?

A

due to the BBB

Alternatives

  • Cranial irradiation
  • Intrathecal Methotrexate (MTX)
26
Q

— is a decrease in blasts and normal formation of other blood elements

— is an increase in blasts and non-normal formation of other blood elements

A

Remission

Relapse

note:
- blasts are immature WBCs produced in leukemia

27
Q

Which cell is diagnostic for Hodgkins Disease?

A

Reed Sternberg Cell

28
Q

– is a painless enlargement of lymph nodes.

A

Hodgkins Disease

29
Q

What is the sentinel node?

A

left clavicular node

the first node usually enlarged in Hodgkins Disease

30
Q

What is the most common brain tumor?

A

Gliomas

31
Q

What is the second most common type of cancer in kids?

A

Brain tumors

32
Q

Over half of all peds brain tumors are located where?

A

infratentorial area of brain

  • difficult to excise
33
Q

What is the most common assessment finding in Brain Tumor?

A

Headache

also:
- Vomiting (in morning and w/out nausea)
- loss of concentration
- change in behavior/personality
- vision probs

34
Q

When would vomiting occur with brain tumor?

A

typically in the morning and WITHOUT nausea

35
Q

– is a small round cell tumor that arises in the bone marrow.

A

Ewing Sarcoma (PNET)

  • usually NOT amputated
36
Q

With neuroblastoma, the prognosis is — if the child is younger.

A

better

  • 75% survival if diagnosed before age 1
37
Q

The usual age of onset for neuroblastoma is –

A

22 mths

38
Q

Clinical manifestations of neuroblastoma are dependent upon —

A

the location of the tumor

ex:
- altered bowel/bladder function if in retroperitoneal area
- dyspnea or infection w/ mediastinal

39
Q

Another name for Wilm’s Tumor is —

A

Nephroblastoma

  • b/c it is a tumor of the kidney
40
Q

Wilm’s Tumor typically presents as an —-

A

asymptomatic abdominal mass

  • DON’T PALPATE!!!
41
Q

Osteosarcoma typically metastisis to where?

A

lungs

42
Q

– is a small round cell tumor that arises in the bone marrow.

A

Ewing Sarcoma (PNET)

  • usually NOT amputated
43
Q

Which gene is associated w/ Osteosarcoma?

A

p53

44
Q

When is Osteosarcoma typically diagnosed?

A

in adolescents

  • b/c it is found during rapid bone growth
45
Q

Common sites of Osteosarcoma.

A

Distal Femur

Proximal Tibia

Proximal Humerus

46
Q

— is a highly malignant cancer that affects the striated muscles and tendons (ie: soft tissues)

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Peds (Josh) (41 decks)

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