T1 - Toddlers (Josh)

Question 1

Normal Temp of Toddler (1-3 years)?

Answer 1

1 = 37.7 (99.9)

3 = 37.2 (99)

Question 2

Normal HR of Toddler?

Answer 2

3 mths - 2 yrs = 70-150

2 yrs - 10 yrs = 60 - 110

Question 3

Normal RR of Toddler?

Answer 3

1-2 yrs = 30-35

2-6 yrs = 21-25

Question 4

When does birth weight quadruple?

Answer 4

2.5 years

Question 5

In general, adult height is about twice the child’s height at what age?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Erikson’s Stage of Psychosocial development for Toddler?

Answer 6

Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt

Question 7

Freud’s phase of psychosexual development for Toddler?

Answer 7

Anal

• anus is primary erogenous zone and pleasure is derived from controlling bladder and bowel movement

Question 8

According to Freud, what is the major conflict during Toddler stage?

Answer 8

toilet training (Anal)

Question 9

According to Freud, fixation at the Toddler Stage can result in what type of personality?

Answer 9

too rigid or too disordered

• ANAL

Question 10

When the child approaches 2, which stae of Piage’ts Cognitive development begins to be apparent?

Answer 10

Pre-operational (2-4 yrs)

Question 11

What is negativism?

Answer 11

toddler behavior demonstrated by saying ‘no’ frequently to assert themselves

Question 12

What is egocentrism?

Answer 12

inability to envision situations from perspectives other than one’s own

Question 13

Example of egocentrism?

Answer 13

if a person is positioned b/t a toddler and another person, the toddler will explain that both people see the person’s face b/c he sees the face, even though other person is seeing the back

Question 14

What is ritualism?

Answer 14

maintaining routines and reliability, provides a sense of comfort for toddlers as they explore the environment beyond those most familiar to them

Question 15

What is centration?

Answer 15

focusing on one aspect rather than considering all possible alternatives

ex: child refuses food b/c of it’s color, though smell and test are acceptable

Question 16

What understanding b/t two events develops in toddlerhood?

Answer 16

Causal Relationships

ex: after flipping switch, toddlers are aware that a response occurs, they are not, however, able to transfer that knowledge to new situations

Question 17

Believing thoughts are all powerful and can cause events.

Answer 17

Magical Thinking

ex: child wishes someone dead and person actually dies, child will feel guilty

Question 18

Attributing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects.

Answer 18

Animism

ex: scolding stairs for making child fall

Question 19

Toddlers are acutely aware of others’ actions and attempt to copy them in gestures and words.

Answer 19

Mimicry

Question 20

When does toddler begin to use multi-word sentences?

Answer 20

Age 1: one-word “Up”

Age 2: multi-word “All gone”

Age 3: simple sentences

Question 21

How many words a day are learned by 3 year olds?

Answer 21

5-6

Question 22

Example of pre-operational thinking?

Answer 22

Children cannot think in terms of operations, they think primarily based on their perception of an event

ex: a needle hurts so the nurse in the uniform wants to hurt me

Question 23

What is the major fear of the toddler period?

Answer 23

fear of strangers and separation anxiety

Question 24

When is a child usually ready for potty training?

Answer 24

22-30 mths

• recognize urge to defecate
• ability to sit on toilet for 5-8 min

Question 25

Nutritional needs of a toddler?

Answer 25

• 24-30 oz milk
• 4-6 oz juice
• 1 T of food for each yr of age

Question 26

Avoid which type of foods in toddlerhood?

Answer 26

choking foods

• nuts
• grapes
• hot dogs
• peanut butter
• raw carrots
• tough meats
• popcorn

Question 27

What is physiological anorexia?

Answer 27

In toddlerhood, their is an increased nutritional need accompanied with a decreased appetite

• too busy to eat

Question 28

Remain in rear facing car seat until?

Answer 28

2

Question 29

Fine motor skills of toddlerhood?

Answer 29

9-10 mths: pincer grasp

12 mths: grasp very small obj.

15 mths: drop a pellet into a narrow-necked bottle

18 mths: throw ball overhead w/out losing balance

Question 30

Gross motor skills of toddlerhood?

Answer 30

12-13 mths: walking alone

18 mths: try to run, fall easily

2-3 yrs: refine biped, upright position