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Module 202 Neuroscience & behaviour > T1 L8 Orbit & nasal cavity > Flashcards

T1 L8 Orbit & nasal cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nose?

A

To filter dust entering the respiratory system

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2
Q

What bones make up the nose?

A

Paired nasal bones
Maxillae
Frontal bone
Septum

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3
Q

What are the cartilages of the nose?

A

Lateral
Major alar
Septal

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4
Q

What are the 3 projections on the internal surface of the lateral wall?

A

Superior conchae
Middle conchae
Inferior conchae

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5
Q

What do the supplied arteries to the nose branch from?

A

Ophthalmic

Maxillary

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6
Q

What is the nerve supply to the nose?

A

Olfactory nerve

Opthalmic & maxillary

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7
Q

What is the exit of cranial nerve I?

A

Cribriform plate

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8
Q

What is the type of cranial nerve I?

A

Special afferent - sensory

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9
Q

What aids olfaction?

A

Air flowing through the nasal cavity

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10
Q

Where are olfaction receptions?

A

In the epithelium lining the roof & walls

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11
Q

What do olfaction receptors do?

A

Epithelium secretes a mucus fluid

Odoriferous gases are dissolved into the fluid & detected by olfactory nerves

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12
Q

What can cause temporal anosmia?

A

Mucus buildup

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13
Q

What can cause permanent anosmia?

A

Abscesses
Trauma
Parkinson’s disease

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14
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses?

A

Air filled extensions of the nasal cavity

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15
Q

What do the paranasal sinuses drain through?

A

Frontonasal duct

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16
Q

What are ethmoidal cells?

A

Invaginations in ethmoid bone
Drain into middle meatus if anterior or middle
Drain into superior meatus if posterior

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17
Q

Where do sphenoidal sinuses drain?

A

Into sphene-ethmoidal recess

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18
Q

What are the 7 bones making up the orbit?

A 
Frontal
Maxilla
Ethmoidal
Lacrimal
Sphenoidal
Temporal-zygomatic
Nasal
19
Q

What are the 3 layers of the eye?

A

Outer fibrous - sclera & cornea
Vascular - iris
Inner - retina

20
Q

What type is cranial nerve II?

A

Special afferent - sensory

21
Q

Where does cranial nerve II exit?

A

Optic canal

22
Q

Why does cranial nerve II have a special embryology?

A

Optic stalk grows out & lens vesicle grows in

23
Q

What are the 7 extraoccular muscles that surround the globe of the eye & are responsible for moving it?

A 
Levator palpebrae
Superior oblique
Superior rectus
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique
24
Q

What 3 axes does movement of the eyeball occur around?

A

Vertical
Transverse
Anteroposterior

25
Q

What does the superior oblique do?

A

Depression & abduction

26
Q

What does the superior rectus do?

A

Elevation

Adduction

27
Q

What does the inferior rectus do?

A

Depression

Adduction

28
Q

What does the lateral rectus do?

A

Abduction

29
Q

What does the medial rectus do?

A

Adduction

30
Q

What does the inferior oblique do?

A

Elevation & abduction

31
Q

What type is cranial nerve III?

A

Somatic motor (general somatic efferent) to extra-oscular muscle) & general visceral efferent-parasympathetic via short ciliary nerves to ciliary body & sphincter pupillae

32
Q

Where does cranial nerve III exit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

33
Q

What type is cranial nerve IV?

A

Somatic motor (general somatic efferent) to superior oblique

34
Q

Where does cranial nerve IV exit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

35
Q

What type is cranial nerve VI?

A

Somatic motor (general somatic efferent) to lateral rectus

36
Q

Where does cranial nerve VI exit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

37
Q

What is the nerve supply to the orbit?

A

CN II, III, IV, V1, VI, VII
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

38
Q

What does the sympathetic nerve supply to the orbit do?

A

Stimulates dilator pupillae to let more light in

39
Q

What does the parasympathetic nerve supply to the orbit do?

A

Stimulates constrictor pupillae to let less light in

40
Q

What is the blood supply to the orbit?

A

Ophthalmic artery
Infra-orbital artery
Central artery

41
Q

What does the lacrimal apparatus consist of?

A

Lacrimal gland which secretes lacrimal fluid, which passes across eye & into lacrimal papilla, lacrimal sac & to the inferior meatus via the nasolacrimal duct

42
Q

What are the 2 parts of the lacrimal gland?

A

Orbital

Palpebral

43
Q

What is the nerve supply responsible for crying?

A

Parasympathetic - secretomotor via VII

Sympathetic - vasoconstrictive (superior cervical ganglion via internal carotid)

Module 202 Neuroscience & behaviour (39 decks)

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