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Linguistics > Syllables > Flashcards

Syllables Flashcards

1
Q

What is a syllable

A

A psychological unit. Grouping consonants and vowels. Its perceptible and cognitive.

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2
Q

Explain syllable structure

A

Draw the tree

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3
Q

What is onset maximization

A

Onset must be as large as possible

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4
Q

What is phonotactics. is it language dependent?

A

restriction on syllable shape. It is language dependent

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5
Q

What is permitted and required (onsets, codas)

A

Onsets are always permitted, sometimes required.
Codas are sometimes permitted, never required

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6
Q

What is sonority

A

Degree of resonance

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7
Q

What is the pattern with sonority

A

Rising before nucleus, peak at nucleus, falling after nucleus

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8
Q

What is the sonority scale

A

obstruent, nasals, liquids, glides, vowels.

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9
Q

Normally sonority rise and fall of at least 2 levels. What is the exception

A

s

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10
Q

How do choose nucleus

A

The more sonorous segment

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11
Q

Can any sonorous segment be a nucleus

A

Yes, except glides. glides are vowels in non-nuclear postition

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12
Q

What does the dash under consonant represent

A

Consonant is syllabic.

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13
Q

Is sonorant nuclei permittable?

A

Yes for some languages (english)

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14
Q

Is obstruent nuclei permittable?

A

Yes for a few languages. (Berber)

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15
Q

What are stressed syllables. How do we represent it in IPA

A

More prominent than other. With an apostrophe

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of stress

A

Loudness, pitch, duration

17
Q

Is stress predictable?

A

Yes in many languages.

18
Q

Where is the stress in french

A

Last syllable - ultimate

19
Q

What is penultimate stress. example of language

A

Second to last syllable. Polish

20
Q

When the first syllable is stressed its … (example of a language)

A

initial. Slovak

21
Q

Is english and russian stress predictable or unpredictable

A

Unpredictable

22
Q

What happens when stress is unpredictable?

A

Must be remembered. Its underlying, lexical.

23
Q

What consonants can be aspirated

A

p,t,k

24
Q

What are the rules for aspiration

A

p,t,k are aspirated if they are at the beginning of word or if they are a the beginning of a stress syllable.

25
Q

What is an antepenultimate syllable

A

stress falls on the third to last syllable.

26
Q

Is a syllable acoustic

A

No

27
Q

What is always present in a syllable structure

A

A nucleus and the rhyme

28
Q

What are the minimal pairs in the lexical stress

A

noun-verbs

29
Q

What do we say when stress is predictable

A

It occurs on particular position in word.

Linguistics (25 decks)

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